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隼

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 集
隼 U+96BC, 隼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96BC
← 隻
[U+96BB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 隽 →
[U+96BD]

Translingual

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Han character

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隼 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+2, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人土十 (OGJ), four-corner 20401, composition ⿱隹十)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1364, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41943
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1868, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4090, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+96BC

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 隼
alternative forms 鶽／𱊛

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (隼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
隼 *sqʰʷinʔ
榫 *sqʰʷinʔ
准 *qʷjinʔ
準 *qʷjinʔ, *qʷjed

The upper component is a reference to a bird with a short tail, in this case a falcon, and is used both as a semantic and phonetic component. Originally, it was written as 鵻. Then it became 隼 and eventually 鶽.

Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 隼
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 諄 (47)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 思尹切
Baxter swinX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/siuɪnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/sʷinX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/sjuenX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/swinX/
Li
Rong 		/siuĕnX/
Wang
Li 		/sĭuĕnX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/si̯uĕnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xǔn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		seon2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 隼
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		sǔn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ swinX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[s]urʔ/
English hawk, falcon

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 隼
Reading # 1/1
No. 12186
Phonetic
component 		隼
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		筍
Old
Chinese 		/*sqʰʷinʔ/
Notes 説文同鵻

Definitions

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隼

  1. falcon

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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隼

  1. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) dull and not speaking
    人隼隼 [Hokkien]  ―  lâng sn̍gh sn̍gh [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  someone being dull and not speaking
  2. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) sound made by a fast-moving object: zoom
    車開甲隼隼叫。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    车开甲隼隼叫。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Chhia khai kah sn̍gh sn̍gh kiò. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The car drove fast with a zoom.
  3. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) sound of sniffing one's nose: sniffle

Japanese

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Kanji

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隼

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. falcon

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
隼
はやぶさ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
鶻
鸇
 ハヤブサ on Japanese Wikipedia

Attested in early Old Japanese texts: the Kojiki (712) <波夜夫佐> and the Nihon Shoki (720) <破夜歩佐>.[1][2]

Further etymology is uncertain; a popular etymology is that it derives from a corruption of 早 (haya-, “early; fast”) + 翼 (tsubasa, “wing (bird)”).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent
※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
※ References: [1]

Noun

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隼(はやぶさ) or 隼(ハヤブサ) • (hayabusa) 

  1. a peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus)
    • 2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “最(さい)終(しゅう)話(わ)　それぞれの道(みち)へ [Final Chapter: Epilog]”, in ファイアーエムブレム 覇者の剣 [Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions], Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 355:
      双(そう)剣(けん)の隼(はやぶさ)キルマー
      Sōken no Hayabusa Kirumā
      Kilmer, Peregrine of Two Swords
  2. a falcon (in general)
  3. the act of being quick and brave
    1. a person that is quick and brave
  4. (slang, criminal) detective
  5. the Nakajima Ki-43: a name of a World War II fighter jet

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 “はや‐ぶさ 【隼】Paid subscription required”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
  2. ^ Omodaka, Hisataka (1967) 時代別国語大辞典 上代編 [The dictionary of historical Japanese: Old Japanese] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN, pages 596-597

Korean

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Hanja

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隼 • (jun) (hangeul 준, revised jun, McCune–Reischauer chun, Yale cwun)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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隼: Hán Nôm readings: chuẩn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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