falcon

See also: Falcon, falcón, and Falcón

English

a falcon

Alternative forms

• faulcon (obsolete), faucon (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English faucoun, falcon, faulcon, from Old French falcun, from Late Latin falcō (“falcon”), of Germanic origin, probably via Frankish *falkō (“falcon, hawk”), from Proto-Germanic *falkô (“falcon”), from Proto-Indo-European *pol̑- (“pale”), from *pel- (“fallow”).

cognates

Cognate with Old English *fealca, fealcen (“falcon”), Dutch valk (“falcon, hawk”), German Falke (“falcon, hawk”), Norwegian and Swedish falk (“falcon”), Icelandic fálki (“falcon”), Lithuanian pálšas (“pale”), Latvian bāls (“pale”), Latgalian buolgs (“pale”). More at fallow.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: fôlʹkən, fôʹkən, IPA^(key): /ˈfɔː(l)kən/, /ˈfɒlkən/
• (US) enPR: fălʹkən, IPA^(key): /ˈfælkən/ IPA^(key): /ˈfɑːlkən/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈfælkən/, IPA^(key): /ˈfoːlkən/
• (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /ˈfɛlkən/, IPA^(key): /ˈfoːlkən/
• Rhymes: -ɔːkən, -ɔːlkən

Originally, the l was silent and purely etymological. Its pronunciation began through spelling pronunciation and is followed by most speakers, though some speakers still use l-less pronunciations.

Noun

falcon (plural falcons)

1. Any bird of the genus Falco, all of which are birds of prey.
2. (falconry) A female such bird, a male being a tiercel.
3. (historical) A light cannon used from the 15th to the 17th century; a falconet.

Derived terms

• black falcon
• brown falcon
• gray falcon, grey falcon

Related terms

• Capra falconeri
• falconer
• falconet
• falcon-gentil, falcon-gentle
• falconine
• falconry
• gerfalcon, gyrfalcon
• peregrine falcon

Translations

bird of the genus Falco

• Albanian: skifter (sq) m, fajkua (sq) m, petrit (sq) m
• Arabic: صَقْر‎ (ar) m (ṣaqr), شَاهِين‎ m (šāhīn)

  Egyptian Arabic: صقر‎ m (ṣaʾr)

  Hijazi Arabic: صقر‎ m (ṣagir, ṣagur)

• Armenian: բազե (hy) (baze)
• Assamese: চিলনী (siloni), শেন চৰাই (xen sorai)
• Asturian: falcón m
• Avar: лачен (lačen)
• Azerbaijani: qızılquş (az), laçın
• Bashkir: ыласын (ïlasïn)
• Basque: belatz handi
• Belarusian: со́кал m (sókal)
• Breton: falc'hun ?
• Bulgarian: соко́л (bg) m (sokól)
• Catalan: falcó (ca) m
• Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⴼⴰⵍⴽⵓ (afalku)
• Chechen: леча (leča)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 隼 (zh) (sǔn)

• Chukchi: рэвыԓьын (rėvyḷʹyn)
• Czech: sokol (cs) m
• Danish: falk (da) c
• Daur: shogoo, showoo
• Dutch: valk (nl) m
• Egyptian: (bjk)
• Emilian: please add this translation if you can
• Esperanto: falko
• Estonian: pistrik (et)
• Ewe: aʋako
• Faroese: falkur m, smyril m, fálkur m
• Finnish: jalohaukka (fi)
• French: faucon (fr) m
• Friulian: falcuç m
• Galician: falcón m
• Georgian: შავარდენი (šavardeni), ბაზი (bazi), (as a borrowing of English origin) ფალკონი (palḳoni)
• German: Falke (de) m
• Greek: γεράκι (el) n (geráki)

  Ancient Greek: ἱέραξ m (hiérax), κίρκος (kírkos)

• Hebrew: בז‎ (he) m (baz)
• Hindi: बाज़ (bāz), बाज (hi) m (bāj), श्येन (hi) m (śyen)
• Hungarian: sólyom (hu)
• Icelandic: fálki (is) m
• Ido: falkono (io)
• Indonesian: alap-alap
• Irish: fabhcún m
• Italian: falco (it) m, falcone (it) m
• Japanese: 隼 (ja) (はやぶさ, hayabusa), ハヤブサ (ja) (hayabusa)
• Kazakh: сұңқар (suñqar)
• Khitan: 𘬥𘲼𘯺
• Korean: 매 (ko) (mae), 송골매 (ko) (songgolmae)
• Kurdish:
• Kyrgyz: шумкар (ky) (şumqar), ылаачын (ky) (ılaaçın)

  Sorani: شاھین‎ (ku) (şahîn), باز‎ (ku) (baz)

• Ladin: falcon m
• Latin: falcō m
• Latvian: lielais piekūns m

• Ligurian: please add this translation if you can
• Lithuanian: sakalas keleivis ?
• Lombard: please add this translation if you can
• Low German: Falk m
• Luxembourgish: Fallek m
• Macedonian: сокол m (sokol)
• Malay: falkon
• Maltese: falkun m
• Manchu: ᡧᠣᠩᡴᠣᠨ (šongkon)
• Maori: kāeaea, kārearea
• Middle English: faucoun
• Mongolian: шонхор (mn) (shonkhor)
• Nahuatl: cuauhtohtli
• Navajo: giní
• Nivkh: тʼолхаскр (tʼolxaskr)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: falk (no) m

  Nynorsk: falk m

• Occitan: moisset (oc) m, falcon (oc) m
• Pali: sena m
• Persian: شاهین‎ (fa) (šâhin), باز‎ (fa) (bâz), قوش‎ (fa) (quš)
• Piedmontese: please add this translation if you can
• Polish: sokół (pl) m
• Portuguese: falcão (pt) m
• Quechua: waman (qu)
• Romagnol: please add this translation if you can
• Romani: falkono m
• Romanian: șoim (ro) m
• Romansch: falcun m
• Russian: со́кол (ru) m (sókol)
• Sanskrit: श्येन (sa) m (śyena)
• Sardinian: àcchili piscadrixi ?, tilibriu ?, astori perdighinu m
• Scottish Gaelic: seabhag f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: соко m, сокол m

  Roman: soko (sh) m, (Croatian) sokol (sh) m

• Slovak: sokol (sk) m
• Slovene: sokol (sl) m
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: sokoł m

  Upper Sorbian: sokoł m

• Southern Altai: шоҥкор (šoŋkor)
• Spanish: halcón (es) m, falcón m
• Swedish: falk (sv) c
• Tagalog: palkon
• Telugu: డేగ (te) (ḍēga)
• Turkish: doğan (tr), gökdoğan (tr)
• Ukrainian: со́кіл m (sókil)
• Urdu: باز‎ (bāz)
• Vietnamese: cắt (vi)
• Volapük: falok (vo)
• Walloon: fåcon (wa)
• Welsh: hebog m, gwalch m, gwalchod m pl
• West Frisian: falk m
• Zazaki: baz (diq)

Verb

falcon (third-person singular simple present falcons, present participle falconing, simple past and past participle falconed)

1. To hunt with a falcon or falcons.
   • 2003, Brenda Joyce, House of Dreams, page 175:

     He rode astride while hawking; she falconed in the ladylike position of sidesaddle.

Anagrams

• flacon

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Ladin

Noun

falcon m

1. kestrel

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Middle English

Noun

falcon

1. Alternative form of faucoun

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Occitan

Alternative forms

• faucon

Etymology

From Old Occitan falcon, from Late Latin falco, falconem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (West Languedocien) [falˈku]
• IPA^(key): (Provençal) [fɔu̯ˈkũŋ]

• Audio (Béarn)

  (file)

Noun

falcon m (plural falcons)

1. falcon

   Synonym: moisset

Derived terms

• falconièr

References

• Müller, Daniela. 2011. Developments of the lateral in Occitan dialects and their Romance and cross-linguistic context. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Toulouse.

Further reading

• Joan de Cantalausa (2006) Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians, 2 edition, →ISBN, page 469.
• Diccionari General de la Lenga Occitana, L’Academia occitana – Consistòri del Gai Saber, 2008-2016, page 287.

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Old French

Noun

falcon m (oblique plural falcons, nominative singular falcons, nominative plural falcon)

1. Alternative form of faucon (falcon)

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Old Occitan

Etymology

From Late Latin falco, falconem.

Noun

falcon m (oblique plural falcons, nominative singular falcons, nominative plural falcon)

1. falcon (bird)

Descendants

• Occitan: falcon

References

• von Wartburg, Walther (1928–2002), “falco”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 30, page 381