ἱέραξ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ῑ̓́ρηξ (ī́rēx), ῑ̔́ρηξ (hī́rēx), ῐ̔έρηξ (hĭérēx) — Epic, Ionic
• ῐ̔ᾰ́ρᾱξ (hĭắrāx) — Doric

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *wīrāks, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“man”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *weyh₁- (“to chase, pursue”), with possible folk-etymological influence by ῐ̔ερός (hĭerós, “holy, divine”).(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /hi.é.raːks/ → /iˈe.raks/ → /iˈe.raks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /hi.é.raːks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /(h)iˈe.raks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈe.raks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈe.raks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈe.raks/

Noun

ῐ̔έρᾱξ • (hĭérāx) m (genitive ῐ̔έρᾱκος); third declension

1. hawk; falcon
2. a kind of fish
3. name for a grade of initiates in Mithras worship
4. name of a type of bandage

Declension

Third declension of ὁ ῐ̔έρᾱξ; τοῦ ῐ̔έρᾱκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ῐ̔έρᾱξ ho hĭérāx	τὼ ῐ̔έρᾱκε tṑ hĭérāke	οἱ ῐ̔έρᾱκες hoi hĭérākes
Genitive	τοῦ ῐ̔έρᾱκος toû hĭérākos	τοῖν ῐ̔ερᾱ́κοιν toîn hĭerā́koin	τῶν ῐ̔ερᾱ́κων tôn hĭerā́kōn
Dative	τῷ ῐ̔έρᾱκῐ tōî hĭérākĭ	τοῖν ῐ̔ερᾱ́κοιν toîn hĭerā́koin	τοῖς ῐ̔έρᾱξῐ / ῐ̔έρᾱξῐν toîs hĭérāxĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸν ῐ̔έρᾱκᾰ tòn hĭérākă	τὼ ῐ̔έρᾱκε tṑ hĭérāke	τοὺς ῐ̔έρᾱκᾰς toùs hĭérākăs
Vocative	ῐ̔έρᾱξ hĭérāx	ῐ̔έρᾱκε hĭérāke	ῐ̔έρᾱκες hĭérākes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• γῠναικοῐ̈έρᾱξ (gŭnaikoĭ̈érāx)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκᾰ́δῐον (hĭerākắdĭon)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκᾱ́ρης (hĭerākā́rēs)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκᾱ́ρῐος (hĭerākā́rĭos)
• Ῐ̔ερᾱκᾶς (Hĭerākâs)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκεῖον (hĭerākeîon)
• ῐ̔ερᾱ́κειος (hĭerā́keios)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῐ́ᾱ (hĭerākĭ́ā)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῐᾱ́ς (hĭerākĭā́s)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῐδεύς (hĭerākĭdeús)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῐ́δῐον (hĭerākĭ́dĭon)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῐ́ζω (hĭerākĭ́zō)
• ῐ̔ερᾱ́κῐον (hĭerā́kĭon)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῐ́σκος (hĭerākĭ́skos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῐστῐ́ (hĭerākĭstĭ́)
• Ῐ̔ερᾱκῖται (Hĭerākîtai)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῑ́της (hĭerākī́tēs)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκῖτῐς (hĭerākîtĭs)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοβοσκός (hĭerākoboskós)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοειδής (hĭerākoeidḗs)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοκόμμᾰτος (hĭerākokómmătos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοκτόνος (hĭerākoktónos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκόμμᾰτος (hĭerākómmătos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκόμορφος (hĭerākómorphos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοπόδῐον (hĭerākopódĭon)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοπρόσωπος (hĭerākoprósōpos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοσόφῐον (hĭerākosóphĭon)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκόσφῐγξ (hĭerākósphĭnx)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοτᾰ́φος (hĭerākotắphos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκοτρόφος (hĭerākotróphos)
• ῐ̔ερᾱκώδης (hĭerākṓdēs)
• Ῐ̔έρᾱξ (Hĭérāx)
• Σουνῐέρᾱκος (Sounĭérākos)

Descendants

• Greek: ιέρακας (iérakas)

Further reading

• “ἱέραξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἱέραξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἱέραξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN