臨

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 临
臨 U+81E8, 臨
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81E8
← 臧
[U+81E7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 臩 →
[U+81E9]
臨 U+F9F6, 臨
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9F6
← 淋
[U+F9F5] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 立 →
[U+F9F7]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

臨 (Kangxi radical 131, 臣+11, 17 strokes in Chinese, 18 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 尸中人口口 (SLORR), four-corner 78766, composition ⿰臣⿱𠂉品)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 999, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30087
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1451, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2802, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+81E8

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (品) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
臨 *b·rɯm, *b·rɯms
瀶 *b·rɯm
品 *pʰrɯmʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *b·rɯm, *b·rɯms): semantic 臣 (“eye”) + semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 品 (OC *pʰrɯmʔ, “objects”) – a person looking down at some objects.

Etymology 1[edit]

trad. 臨
simp. 临
alternative forms 𦣲
𦣷
瀶 ancient

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • lîm - literary;
  • liâm - vernacular (limited, e.g. 臨邊, 臨捷).
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 臨
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 侵 (139)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 力尋切
    Baxter lim
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/liɪm/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lim/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ljem/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lim/
    Li
    Rong         		/liəm/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭĕm/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯əm/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lín
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lam4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 臨
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lín
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ lim ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*(p.)rum/
    English look down at

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 臨
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 9801
    Phonetic
    component         		品
    Rime
    group         		侵
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		林
    Old
    Chinese         		/*b·rɯm/
    Definitions[edit]

    臨

    1. to overlook; to look over; to look down at
    2. to come down; to descend
    3. to arrive
    4. to face; to border; to be adjacent to
    5. to be faced with; to be confronted by
    6. just before; approaching; about to
    7. to copy; to trace
    8. (historical) a type of siege engine
    9. 19th hexagram of the I Ching
    10. a surname
    Compounds[edit]
    Derived terms from 臨

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 臨
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 侵 (139)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 良鴆切
    Baxter limH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/liɪmH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/limH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ljemH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/limH/
    Li
    Rong         		/liəmH/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭĕmH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯əmH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lìn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lam6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 臨
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 9803
    Phonetic
    component         		品
    Rime
    group         		侵
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		臨
    Old
    Chinese         		/*b·rɯms/
    Definitions[edit]

    臨

    1. (obsolete) to mourn for a deceased person; to wail in lamentation of a death
    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    trad. 臨
    simp. 临
    alternative forms 凜／凛
    斂／敛

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    臨 (Hokkien)

    1. close (to an edge)
    2. to approach; to get close to; to be almost

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    臨

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. look at
    2. confront

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    臨 (eumhun 임할 림 (imhal rim), South Korea 임할 임 (imhal im))

    1. Hanja form? of 림/임 (“draw near, approach”).
    2. Hanja form? of 림/임 (“descend”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    臨: Hán Nôm readings: lâm, lom

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=臨&oldid=72605671"