Chinese[edit]
|
hot (spicy); pungent
|
ocean; sea
|
simp. and trad. (辣海)
|
辣
|
海
|
alternative forms
|
|
Etymology[edit]
From 在許 or 來許, where 在/來 underwent lenition and 許 underwent an irregular evolution. Completely unrelated to "spicy sea".
Pronunciation[edit]
辣海 (Northern Wu)
- to be (somewhere), to be in, to exist
- Used to indicate the continuous aspect.
儂辣海等啥人啊? [Shanghainese, trad.]
侬辣海等啥人啊? [Shanghainese, simp.]- Who are you waiting for?
儂活辣海末浪費空氣,死脫末浪費土地,我乃搭儂見氣也是浪費辰光,豪𢜶滾開! [Shanghainese, trad.]
侬活辣海末浪费空气,死脱末浪费土地,我乃搭侬见气也是浪费辰光,豪𢜶滚开! [Shanghainese, simp.]- [nʊŋ²³ ɦɯə̯ʔ²² la̱ʔ⁵⁵ he̞³³ məʔ²¹ lɑ̃²² fi³³ kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹ ɕi³³ tʰəʔ⁵⁵ məʔ²¹ lɑ̃²² fi³³ tʰv̩ʷ³³ d̥i⁴⁴ ŋv̩ʷ²³ ne̞²³ ta̱ʔ³³ nʊŋ⁴⁴ t͡ɕi³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴ ɦa̱²³ z̥z̩³³ lɑ̃²² fi³³ z̥əɲ²² kɯɑ̃⁴⁴ ɦɔ²² sɔ⁴⁴ kɯə̯ɲ⁴⁴ kʰe̞⁵³] [IPA]
- You're a waste of air alive and waste of soil dead, me talking to you right now is a waste of time, now fuck off!
- (when placed at the end of a sentence) Used to indicate the perfective aspect.
我早飯還嘸沒吃辣海。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
我早饭还呒没吃辣海。 [Shanghainese, simp.]- From: 2010: Qian Nairong, 《從〈滬語便商〉所見的老上海話時態》 (Tenses and Aspects? Old Shanghainese as Found in the Book Huyu Bian Shang)
- [ŋv̩ʷ²³ t͡sɔ³³ v̥e̞⁴⁴ ɦɯe̞²³ ɦm̩²² məʔ⁴⁴ t͡ɕʰi̯ɪʔ⁵⁵ la̱ʔ¹¹ he̞²³] [IPA]
- I have yet to eat my breakfast.
Usage notes[edit]
The spellings with 許/许 are used in varieties where 許/许 are pronounced /he/ or similar, such as Suzhounese and Ningbonese. Lects such as Shanghainese and Hangzhounese do not use them.
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of
在 (“at, in”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
Classical Chinese
|
於
|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
在
|
Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
在, 挨, 跟
|
Taiwan
|
在
|
Harbin
|
在
|
Jinan
|
在, 從
|
Wanrong
|
在
|
Xi'an
|
在
|
Ürümqi
|
在
|
Wuhan
|
在
|
Chengdu
|
在
|
Guiyang
|
在
|
Guilin
|
在
|
Liuzhou
|
在
|
Yangzhou
|
在
|
Nanjing
|
在
|
Hefei
|
在
|
Malaysia
|
在
|
Singapore
|
在
|
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
|
在
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
喺, 在
|
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
在
|
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
在
|
Macau
|
喺
|
Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
喺, 響
|
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
響, 喺
|
Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
在
|
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
在
|
Foshan
|
喺, 響
|
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
喺, 響
|
Foshan (Shunde)
|
喺
|
Foshan (Sanshui)
|
喺
|
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
喺, 響
|
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
在
|
Zhuhai (Qianshan)
|
在
|
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)
|
響, 揀
|
Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
揀
|
Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
喺
|
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
喺
|
Taishan
|
到, 響
|
Kaiping (Chikan)
|
到, 響
|
Enping (Niujiang)
|
到, 響
|
Heshan (Yayao)
|
響
|
Dongguan
|
響, 在, 喺
|
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
在
|
Yangjiang
|
在
|
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
喺, 響
|
Singapore (Guangfu)
|
喺
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
在
|
Lichuan
|
在
|
Pingxiang
|
在
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
嗨
|
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
在
|
Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
在
|
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
在
|
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
在
|
Conghua (Lütian)
|
在
|
Yudu
|
在
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
在
|
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
在
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
在
|
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
在
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
在
|
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
在
|
Hong Kong
|
在
|
Senai (Huiyang)
|
在
|
Kuching (Hepo)
|
在
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
在
|
Xinzhou
|
在
|
Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
到
|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
著, 在, 洽
|
Fuqing
|
著, 洽
|
Singapore (Fuqing)
|
著
|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Quanzhou
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Zhangzhou
|
佇, 咧, 蹛
|
Zhao'an
|
佇, 蹛
|
Taipei
|
佇
|
New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
佇
|
Kaohsiung
|
佇
|
Yilan
|
佇
|
Changhua (Lukang)
|
佇
|
Taichung
|
佇
|
Tainan
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Hsinchu
|
佇
|
Kinmen
|
佇
|
Penghu (Magong)
|
佇
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
佇, 蹛
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
佇, 壏
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
佇, 踮
|
Chaozhou
|
在
|
Shantou
|
在
|
Shantou (Chenghai)
|
在
|
Shantou (Chaoyang)
|
在
|
Jieyang
|
在, 壏, 放
|
Haifeng
|
著
|
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
在
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
在, 壏
|
Wenchang
|
佇
|
Singapore (Hainanese)
|
佇
|
Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
在
|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
辣, 辣辣, 辣海, 辣該
|
Suzhou
|
勒
|
Danyang
|
在
|
Ningbo
|
來, 來勒, 來的, 來東, 來當, 來該
|
Wenzhou
|
是
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
在
|
Loudi
|
在
|
Shuangfeng
|
在
|