Chinese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From 在許 (MC dzojX|dzojH xjoX) or 來許 (MC loj xjoX), where 在/來 underwent lenition and 許 underwent an irregular evolution.
Pronunciation[edit]
辣海 (Northern Wu)
- to be (somewhere), to be in, to exist
- Used to indicate the continuous aspect.
儂辣海等啥人啊? [Shanghainese, trad.]
侬辣海等啥人啊? [Shanghainese, simp.]- Who are you waiting for?
儂活辣海末浪費空氣,死脫末浪費土地,我乃搭儂見氣也是浪費辰光,豪𢜶滾開! [Shanghainese, trad.]
侬活辣海末浪费空气,死脱末浪费土地,我乃搭侬见气也是浪费辰光,豪𢜶滚开! [Shanghainese, simp.]- 6non 8weq-laq-he-meq 6laon-fi 1kon-chi 5shi-theq-meq 6laon-fi 5thu-di 6ngu 6ne 7taq-non 5ci-chi 6gha 6zy 6laon-fi 6zen-kuaon 6ghau-sau 5kuen 1khe [Wugniu]
- You're a waste of air alive and waste of soil dead, me talking to you right now is a waste of time, now fuck off!
- (when placed at the end of a sentence) Used to indicate the perfective aspect.
我就一家頭活辣海,嘸沒一個人好交我講講閒話,一直等到有一趟子撒哈拉沙漠裡出仔故障,大概有六年個事體。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
我就一家头活辣海,呒没一个人好交我讲讲闲话,一直等到有一趟子撒哈拉沙漠里出仔故障,大概有六年个事体。 [Shanghainese, simp.]- 6ngu 6zhieu 7iq-ka-deu 8weq-laq-he 6m-meq 7iq-gheq 6gnin 5hau 1kau 6ngu 5kaon-kaon 6ghe-gho 7iq-zeq 5ten-tau 6yeu 7iq-thaon-tsy 5sa-ha-la 1so-moq 6li 7tsheq-tsy 5ku-tsaon 6da-ke 6yeu 8loq-gni-gheq 6zy-thi [Wugniu]
- So I lived my life alone, without anyone that I could really talk to, until I had an accident with my plane in the Desert of Sahara, six years ago.
Usage notes[edit]
The spellings with 許/许 are used in varieties where 許/许 are pronounced /he/ or similar, such as Suzhounese and Ningbonese. Lects such as Shanghainese and Hangzhounese do not use them.
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of
在 (“at, in”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
Classical Chinese
|
於
|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
在
|
Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
在, 挨, 跟
|
Taiwan
|
在
|
Harbin
|
在
|
Jinan
|
在, 從
|
Wanrong
|
在
|
Xi'an
|
在
|
Ürümqi
|
在
|
Wuhan
|
在
|
Chengdu
|
在
|
Guiyang
|
在
|
Guilin
|
在
|
Liuzhou
|
在
|
Yangzhou
|
在
|
Nanjing
|
在
|
Hefei
|
在
|
Malaysia
|
在
|
Singapore
|
在
|
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
|
在
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
喺, 在
|
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
喺, 響
|
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
在
|
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
在
|
Macau
|
喺
|
Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
喺, 響
|
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
響, 喺
|
Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
在
|
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
在
|
Foshan
|
喺, 響
|
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
喺, 響
|
Foshan (Shunde)
|
喺
|
Foshan (Sanshui)
|
喺
|
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
喺, 響
|
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
在
|
Zhuhai (Qianshan)
|
在
|
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)
|
響, 揀
|
Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
揀
|
Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
喺
|
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
喺
|
Taishan
|
到, 響
|
Kaiping (Chikan)
|
到, 響
|
Enping (Niujiang)
|
到, 響
|
Heshan (Yayao)
|
響
|
Dongguan
|
響, 在, 喺
|
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
在
|
Yangjiang
|
在
|
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
喺, 響
|
Singapore (Guangfu)
|
喺
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
在
|
Lichuan
|
在
|
Pingxiang
|
在
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
嗨
|
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
在
|
Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
在
|
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
在
|
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
在
|
Conghua (Lütian)
|
在
|
Yudu
|
在
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
在
|
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
在
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
在
|
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
在
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
在
|
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
在
|
Hong Kong
|
在
|
Senai (Huiyang)
|
在
|
Kuching (Hepo)
|
在
|
Singapore (Dabu)
|
在
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
在
|
Xinzhou
|
在
|
Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
到
|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
著, 在, 洽
|
Fuqing
|
著, 洽
|
Singapore (Fuqing)
|
著
|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Quanzhou
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Zhangzhou
|
佇, 咧, 蹛
|
Zhao'an
|
佇, 蹛
|
Taipei
|
佇
|
New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
佇
|
Kaohsiung
|
佇
|
Yilan
|
佇
|
Changhua (Lukang)
|
佇
|
Taichung
|
佇
|
Tainan
|
佇, 踮, 蹛
|
Hsinchu
|
佇
|
Kinmen
|
佇
|
Penghu (Magong)
|
佇
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
佇, 蹛
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
佇, 壏
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
佇, 踮
|
Chaozhou
|
在
|
Shantou
|
在
|
Shantou (Chenghai)
|
在
|
Shantou (Chaoyang)
|
在
|
Jieyang
|
在, 壏, 放
|
Haifeng
|
著
|
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
在
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
在, 壏
|
Leizhou
|
佇, 放
|
Wenchang
|
佇
|
Singapore (Hainanese)
|
佇
|
Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
在
|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
辣, 辣辣, 辣海, 辣該
|
Suzhou
|
勒
|
Danyang
|
在
|
Hangzhou
|
勒, 勒哈, 在
|
Ningbo
|
來, 來勒, 來的, 來東, 來當, 來該
|
Wenzhou
|
是
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
在
|
Loudi
|
在
|
Shuangfeng
|
在
|