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佳

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 隹
佳 U+4F73, 佳
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F73
← 佲
[U+4F72] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 佴 →
[U+4F74]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

[edit]

佳 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人土土 (OGG), four-corner 24214, composition ⿰亻圭)

Derived characters

[edit]
Additional Derived Characters

Descendants

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 100, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 557
  • Dae Jaweon: page 212, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 143, character 16
  • Unihan data for U+4F73

Chinese

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 佳
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 佳
s05687
Transcribed ancient scripts
L30928
L30929
L03735
L03736
L03737
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
街 *kreː, *kreː
鞋 *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾 *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ
佳 *kreː
鮭 *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯 *ŋreː, *ŋre
崖 *ŋreː, *ŋre
啀 *ŋreː
厓 *ŋreː
捱 *ŋreː
睚 *ŋreːs
娃 *qreː
洼 *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇 *qreː, *qʷraː
胿 *ɡeː, *kʷeː
溎 *qeːns
觟 *ɡʷraːʔ
黊 *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳 *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe
蛙 *qʷraː, *qʷreː
窪 *qʷraː
卦 *kʷreːs
挂 *kʷreːs
掛 *kʷreːs
詿 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs
罣 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓 *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs
鼃 *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː
圭 *kʷeː
珪 *kʷeː
邽 *kʷeː
閨 *kʷeː
袿 *kʷeː
窐 *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː
茥 *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
桂 *kʷeːs
筀 *kʷeːs
奎 *kʰʷeː
刲 *kʰʷeː
蝰 *kʰʷeː
楏 *kʰʷeː
睳 *qʰʷeː
畦 *ɡʷeː
眭 *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi
烓 *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬 *kʰʷeʔ
恚 *qʷes
硅 *qʰʷreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kreː): semantic 人 (“man; person”) + phonetic 圭 (OC *kʷeː).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note:
  • ga1 - literary;
  • ge1 - vernacular.
Note:
  • Jiading:
    • 1cia - literary;
    • 1ka - vernacular.
  • Shaoxing:
    • 3cia - literary;
    • 3cio - vernacular.
  • Jinhua:
    • 1cia - literary;
    • 1kua - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 佳
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕiɑ²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕia⁵³/
Xi'an /t͡ɕia²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕia³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕia̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiɑ³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕia²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕia¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕia³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕia⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡ɕiɑ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕiɑ³³/
Wenzhou /ko³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕia³¹/
Tunxi /kɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕia³³/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕiɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /kɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ka⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kai⁵³/
Nanning /kai⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kai⁵³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kai⁵⁵/
/ka⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ka⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ka⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kia³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kai²³/
Rime
Character 佳
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古膎切
Baxter kea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠɛ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚæ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kæi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨj/
Li
Rong 		/kɛ/
Wang
Li 		/kai/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/kai/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiā
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaai1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 佳
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jia
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kɛ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ˁre/
English good

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 佳
Reading # 1/1
No. 4531
Phonetic
component 		圭
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		佳
Old
Chinese 		/*kreː/

Definitions

[edit]

佳

  1. good; auspicious
  2. beautiful
  3. of quality
  4. (～日) (telegraphy) the ninth day of a month
  5. a surname, Jia

Synonyms

[edit]
  • (good):
Dialectal synonyms of 好 (“good”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 好, 良, 善, 佳
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 好, 良好, 美好, 佳
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 好, 強
Taiwan 好
Singapore 好
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 好, 賽, 強
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 好, 嫽
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 好
Wuhan 好, 傲
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 好
Hefei 好, 㜺
Cantonese Guangzhou 好, 㜺
Hong Kong 好
Taishan 好
Yangjiang 好
Singapore (Guangfu) 好
Gan Nanchang 好
Hakka Meixian 好, 㜺
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 好
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 好
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 好
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 好
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 好
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 好
Jin Taiyuan 好
Northern Min Jian'ou 好
Eastern Min Fuzhou 好
Southern Min Xiamen 好
Tainan 好
Penang (Hokkien) 好
Singapore (Hokkien) 好
Manila (Hokkien) 好
Chaozhou 好
Singapore (Teochew) 好
Singapore (Hainanese) 好
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 好
Wu Shanghai 好, 㜺, 靈, 嗲
Shanghai (Songjiang) 畢㜺
Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong) 出客
Shanghai (Nanhui, Pudong) 出客
Shanghai (Fengxian) 靈
Shanghai (Jinshan) 靈
Suzhou 好, 㜺
Wenzhou 好
Xiang Changsha 好
Shuangfeng 好
  • (beautiful):
Dialectal synonyms of 漂亮 (“good-looking; beautiful; pretty”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 漂亮, 好看, 美, 美麗, 美觀, 佳
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 好看, 漂亮, 俊
Taiwan 好看, 漂亮
Chifeng 好看, 漂亮, 標緻
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 好看, 漂亮
Harbin 好看, 漂亮, 俊, 美
Shenyang 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻
Singapore 美, 好看, 漂亮, 美麗
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 好看, 漂亮
Tangshan 好看
Cangzhou 好看, 漂亮, 俊
Baoding 好看, 漂亮
Shijiazhuang 好看
Jinan 好看, 漂亮, 俊, 俊巴, 美
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 俊
Qingdao 漂亮, 俊
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 好看, 漂亮, 美, 標緻
Wanrong 好看
Zhengzhou 漂亮, 標緻, 好看, 齊整
Xi'an 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 嫽, 排場, 心疼
Xining 好看, 標緻, 俊, 秀溜
Xuzhou 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 俊, 冠冕, 辦事
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 俊
Lanzhou 好看, 漂亮, 美, 俊
Ürümqi 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 翠活
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 好看, 漂亮, 乖, 抻抖, 抻展
Chongqing 美, 好看, 漂亮, 乖, 抻抖
Wuhan 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 體面, 寧馨, 標, 媌, 刮氣, 美
Guiyang 抻透, 抻展, 好看, 漂亮, 秀氣
Kunming 好看, 漂亮, 標緻
Guilin 漂亮
Liuzhou 美, 好看, 漂亮, 靚2, 㜺
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 不醜
Yangzhou 美, 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 不醜
Nantong 好看, 漂亮
Hefei 美, 漂亮, 好看, 格式, 排場
Cantonese Guangzhou 靚2, 好睇, 好樣
Hong Kong 靚2, 好睇
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 靚2
Macau 靚2
Guangzhou (Panyu) 靚2
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 靚2
Guangzhou (Conghua) 靚2
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 靚2
Foshan 靚2
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 靚2
Foshan (Shunde) 靚2
Foshan (Sanshui) 靚2
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 靚2
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 靚2
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 靚2
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 靚2
Zhuhai (Doumen) 靚2
Jiangmen (Baisha) 靚2
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 靚2
Taishan 靚2
Kaiping (Chikan) 靚2
Enping (Niujiang) 靚2
Heshan (Yayao) 靚2
Dongguan 靚2, 好樣
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 靚2
Yangjiang 好看, 好樣, 靚2, 整齊
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 靚2
Penang (Guangfu) 靚2
Singapore (Guangfu) 靚2
Gan Nanchang 客氣, 好看, 漂亮, 齊整
Lichuan 好看
Pingxiang 好看, 客氣, 漂亮, 標緻, 標
Hakka Meixian 好看, 靚2, 靚3, 僐, 勁, 趣, 端, 標緻, 儒雅
Xingning 靚2
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 靚2
Huiyang 靚2
Huidong (Daling) 靚2
Dongguan (Qingxi) 靚2
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 靚2
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 靚2
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 靚2
Wuhua (Huacheng) 俏, 靚2
Wuhua (Changbu) 靚2
Wuhua (Mianyang) 靚3
Heyuan (Bendihua) 靚2
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 靚3
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 排場
Liannan 靚2
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 靚2
Jiexi 靚2
Changting 靚3
Wuping 靚3
Wuping (Pingyu) 靚3
Liancheng 靚3
Ninghua 靚3
Yudu 標緻, 齊整
Ruijin 靚3
Shicheng 像, 標緻, 好看
Shangyou (Shexi) 靚2, 整, 標緻
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 靚3
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 鬧, 靚3
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 靚3
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 靚3
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 靚3
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 靚3
Hong Kong 靚2
Luchuan 靚2
Senai (Huiyang) 靚2
Kuching (Hepo) 靚3
Huizhou Jixi 好看, 標緻, 漂亮
Shexian 好看, 漂亮
Jin Taiyuan 好看, 襲人, 客戲, 漂亮
Xinzhou 好看, 漂亮, 標緻, 爽整, 襲人, 緻氣
Linhe 美, 襲人, 好看, 漂亮
Jining 好看, 襲人
Hohhot 好看, 襲人, 俊, 漂亮
Zhangjiakou 美, 好看, 漂亮, 俊
Handan 美, 好看, 漂亮, 俊俏, 俊
Northern Min Jian'ou 好覷, 雅式, 生得好
Eastern Min Fuzhou 俊, 生得好, 卓佳, 好看, 漂亮
Singapore (Fuqing) 俊
Southern Min Xiamen 媠, 好看, 㜅
Xiamen (Tong'an) 媠, 俏
Quanzhou 媠, 媠靡, 㜅, 好看
Jinjiang 媠, 㜅
Shishi 媠
Anxi 媠
Zhangzhou 媠, 好看
Zhao'an 媠
Dongshan 媠
Taipei 媠
New Taipei (Sanxia) 媠
Kaohsiung 媠
Tainan 媠
Kinmen 媠
Penghu (Magong) 媠
Penang (Hokkien) 媠
Singapore (Hokkien) 媠, 俏
Manila (Hokkien) 媠, 好看, 㜅
Longyan 媠
Pingnan (Shangdu) 靚2
Chaozhou 雅, 好睇
Shantou 雅, 媠, 好睇
Shantou (Chenghai) 雅, 媠
Shantou (Chaoyang) 雅
Jieyang 雅, 媠, 如雅
Puning 雅, 生好, 好睇
Lufeng 媠, 生好
Haifeng 媠, 生好
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 雅
Singapore (Teochew) 雅
Leizhou 清楚
Wenchang 靚4, 好望
Haikou 靚4, 靚2, 靚仔, 雅目, 都緻
Qionghai 靚4
Singapore (Hainanese) 靚4
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 靚2, 好覷
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 㜺, 靚2
Wu Shanghai 漂亮, 好看, 好看相, 標緻
Shanghai (Songjiang) 畢㜺
Shanghai (Chuansha, Pudong) 出客
Shanghai (Nanhui, Pudong) 出客
Shanghai (Fengxian) 靈
Shanghai (Jinshan) 靈
Shanghai (Chongming) 標緻, 樣式, 登樣
Suzhou 好看, 標緻, 登樣, 漂亮
Danyang 好看, 漂亮, 標緻
Hangzhou 好看, 漂亮
Ningbo 好看, 漂亮, 㜅, 㜅門, 㜅頭, 出格, 架勢, 細巧, 細相, 登樣
Wenzhou 好覷, 生好, 骨切
Jinhua 好望, 俏, 漂亮
Xiang Changsha 好看, 漂亮, 腆靦, 乖
Loudi 漂亮
Shuangfeng 好看, 漂亮

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • “佳”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “佳”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 149.

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
佳

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: け (ke)
  • Kan-on: かい (kai)
  • Kan’yō-on: か (ka, Jōyō)、けい (kei)
  • Kun: よい (yoi, 佳い)
  • Nanori: よし (yoshi)

Etymology

[edit]
Kanji in this term
佳
か
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 佳 (MC kea).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Affix

[edit]

佳(か) • (ka) 

  1. beautiful, good
  2. excellent

Korean

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Middle Chinese 佳 (MC kea).

Historical readings
Dongguk Jeongun reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 갱 (Yale: {{{2}}})
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 됴ᄒᆞᆯ (Yale: {{{2}}}) 갱 (Yale: {{{2}}})
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 됴ᄒᆞᆯ (Yale: {{{2}}}) 갱 (Yale: {{{2}}})
Seokbong Cheonjamun, 1583 아ᄅᆞᆷ다올 (Yale: {{{2}}}) 가 (Yale: {{{2}}})

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [가(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

[edit]
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

佳 (eumhun 아름다울 가 (areumdaul ga))

  1. hanja form? of 가 (“good; auspicious, beautiful, delightful”) [affix]

Compounds

[edit]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

佳: Hán Nôm readings: giai, trai, dai, lai

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=佳&oldid=88033671"