圭

See also: 丰

圭 U+572D, 圭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-572D ← 圬 [U+572C] CJK Unified Ideographs 圮 → [U+572E]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

圭 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+3, 6 strokes, Cangjie input 土土 (GG), four-corner 4010₄, composition ⿱土土)

Derived characters

• 刲, 劸, 卦, 邽, 㪈, 㰪, 郌, 䳏(𱉤), 䵷(𱌃), 奎, 茥, 窐, 罣, 筀, 䙵, 厓, 㾏, 閨(闺), 奊, 恚, 䖯, 鼃, 街
• 佳, 哇, 娃, 徍, 㤬, 挂, 洼, 晆, 桂, 烓, 珪, 胿, 畦, 眭, 硅, 䅅, 袿, 絓(𮉤), 蛙, 觟, 詿(诖), 䞨, 跬, 銈(𫓯), 鞋, 䯓, 鮭(鲑), 黊
• 封 (originally did not have 圭 on the left)

Additional Derived Characters

• 𰆻, 𡋣, 𤞇, 𱀋, 𱢹, 𥙞, 𮄭, 𦈰, 𦓯, 𫗼, 𡐠, 𩰳, 𬫀, 𪖢, 𪗹
• 𦋅, 𭅶, 𡊋, 𠜤, 𫻮, 𡌤, 𰞊, 𫭳, 𤬿, 𡌲, 𦐰, 𧠹, 𪚝
• 𠈘, 𡧩, 𡷅, 𣥮, 𣄱, 𭁹, 𦊱, 𭑝, 𡐲, 𰲀, 𫼋, 𱡶, 𪊧, 𥒐, 𣫴, 𦥂, 𪓤
• 𣔫, 𤏎, 𤒋, 𨅆, 𩜩, 𪒖, 𡭈, 𢻘, 𢍠, 𣔘, 𪙓, 𥩄, 𰆣, 𰆢, 𠪤, 𮤝, 𮤢, 𡸔, 𡒑, 𤎇, 𨬇, 𡈞, 𧛲, 𱨢

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 224, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4887
• Dae Jaweon: page 456, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 418, character 5
• Unihan data for U+572D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		圭

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 圭
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
街	*kreː, *kreː
鞋	*ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾	*ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ
佳	*kreː
鮭	*ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯	*ŋreː, *ŋre
崖	*ŋreː, *ŋre
啀	*ŋreː
厓	*ŋreː
捱	*ŋreː
睚	*ŋreːs
娃	*qreː
洼	*qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇	*qreː, *qʷraː
胿	*ɡeː, *kʷeː
溎	*qeːns
觟	*ɡʷraːʔ
黊	*ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳	*ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe
蛙	*qʷraː, *qʷreː
窪	*qʷraː
卦	*kʷreːs
挂	*kʷreːs
掛	*kʷreːs
詿	*kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs
罣	*kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓	*kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs
鼃	*ɢʷreː, *qʷreː
圭	*kʷeː
珪	*kʷeː
邽	*kʷeː
閨	*kʷeː
袿	*kʷeː
窐	*kʷeː, *ɡʷeː
茥	*kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
桂	*kʷeːs
筀	*kʷeːs
奎	*kʰʷeː
刲	*kʰʷeː
蝰	*kʰʷeː
楏	*kʰʷeː
睳	*qʰʷeː
畦	*ɡʷeː
眭	*ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi
烓	*qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬	*kʰʷeʔ
恚	*qʷes
硅	*qʰʷreɡ

Pictogram (象形): 士 + 士 – two ritual axes, perhaps made of jade, one on top of the other. Duplication of 士. Stylized into but unrelated to 土; according to folk etymologies, it's a reduplication of the character 土.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guī (gui¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kûi

  (Hailu, HRS): gui^ˋ

• Eastern Min (BUC): giĕ
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ge¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ke / kui

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gui¹

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹kue / ¹kuei

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guī
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guei
    • Wade–Giles: kuei¹
    • Yale: gwēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
    • Palladius: гуй (guj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gwai¹
    • Yale: gwāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: guei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gui¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /kui⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: giĕ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kie⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ge¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ga̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ge¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke / kui
    • Tâi-lô: ke / kui
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kef, kuy
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /ke⁴⁴/, /kui⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ke³³/, /kui³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /ke⁴⁴/, /kui⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /ke⁴⁴/, /kui⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /ke⁴⁴/, /kui⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gui¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kui³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹kue
    • MiniDict: kue^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kue
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kue⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /kue⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹kuei
    • MiniDict: kuei^平
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /kui³³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: kwej

Rime
Character	圭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	齊 (40)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	古攜切
Baxter	kwej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwei/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷei/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwɛj/
Li Rong	/kuei/
Wang Li	/kiwei/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kiwei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷˤe/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷeː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	圭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guī
Middle Chinese	‹ kwej ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʷˁe/
English	jade scepter
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	圭
Reading #	1/1
No.	4569
Phonetic component	圭
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	圭
Old Chinese	/*kʷeː/

Definitions

圭

1. jade pointed at top
2. (historical) jade tablet used by officials when addressing the emperor in court

   See also: 珪

3. (historical) gui (type of ancient Chinese sundial)
4. a surname

Compounds

• 介圭
• 刀圭 (dāoguī)
• 圭亞那 / 圭亚那 (Guīyànà)
• 圭內斯 / 圭内斯 (Guīnèisī)
• 圭玉
• 圭璋 (guīzhāng)
• 圭璧
• 圭窬
• 圭竇 / 圭窦
• 圭臬 (guīniè)
• 圭蓽 / 圭荜
• 圭表 (guībiǎo)
• 圭角 (guījiǎo)
• 圭門 / 圭门
• 奉為圭臬 / 奉为圭臬 (fèngwéiguīniè)
• 巴拉圭 (Bālāguī)
• 巴拉圭河
• 日圭
• 析圭分土
• 析圭擔爵 / 析圭担爵
• 烏拉圭 / 乌拉圭 (Wūlāguī)
• 琰圭
• 琬圭
• 瑱圭
• 白圭
• 白圭之玷
• 穀圭 / 谷圭
• 篳門圭窬 / 筚门圭窬
• 篳門圭竇 / 筚门圭窦
• 蓽門圭竇 / 荜门圭窦
• 躬圭
• 鎮圭 / 镇圭

References

• “圭”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “圭”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “圭”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 81.

Japanese

Kanji

圭

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. square jewel
2. corner
3. angle
4. edge

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}
• Kan-on: けい (kei)^{←けい (kei, historical)←くゑい (kwei, ancient)}
• Kun: かど (kado, 圭)、はしは (hashiha, 圭)
• Nanori: か (ka)、かど (kado)、きよ (kiyo)、きよし (kiyoshi)、たま (tama)、ます (masu)、よし (yoshi)

Compounds

• 圭(けい)角(かく) (keikaku)
• 圭(けい)冠(かん) (keikan)
• 圭(けい)臬(げつ) (keigetsu)
• 圭(けい)撮(さつ) (keisatsu)
• 圭(けい)算(さん) (keisan) (卦(けい)算(さん))
• 圭(けい)瓚(さん) (keisan)
• 圭(けい)勺(しゃく) (keishaku)
• 圭(けい)璋(しょう) (keishō) (珪(けい)璋(しょう))
• 圭(けい)田(でん) (keiden)
• 圭(けい)復(ふく) (keifuku)
• 圭(けい)窬(ゆ) (keiyu)
• 琬(えん)圭(けい) (enkei)
• 玉(ぎょく)圭(けい) (gyokukei)
• 瑱(ちん)圭(けい), 鎮(ちん)圭(けい) (chinkei)
• 刀(とう)圭(けい) (tōkei)
• 土(ど)圭(けい) (dokei)
• 白(はっ)圭(けい) (hakkei) (白(はっ)珪(けい))

Etymology 1

Proper noun

圭(けい) • (Kei) 

1. a unisex given name

Etymology 2

From removing strokes from 桂 (kei, “knight”).

Workaround to represent the reverse side of a knight, originally a cursive form of 金 (kin, “gold”), on digital systems.

For pronunciation and definitions of 圭 – see the following entry.

【成桂なりけい】 [noun] (shogi) a promoted cassia horse, with movement the same as a 金将 (kinshō, “gold general”)

(This term, 圭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

• “^▲圭”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

圭 (eum 규 (gyu))

1. jade pointed at top

Vietnamese

Han character

圭: Hán Việt readings: khuê, quê
圭: Nôm readings: quê, que, khoai, khỏe/khoẻ, quề

1. chữ Nôm form of khoẻ (“strong; healthy”)
2. chữ Nôm form of quê (“countryside; hometown; birthplace”)