歯

See also: 齒 and 齿

歯 U+6B6F, 歯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B6F ← 歮 [U+6B6E] CJK Unified Ideographs 歰 → [U+6B70]

⻭ U+2EED, ⻭ CJK RADICAL J-SIMPLIFIED TOOTH ← ⻬ [U+2EEC] CJK Radicals Supplement ⻮ → [U+2EEE]

Translingual

Traditional	齒
Shinjitai	歯
Simplified	齿

Stroke order (Japan)

Han character

歯 (Kangxi radical 211, 歯+0, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜一山火木 (YMUFD), four-corner 2177₂, composition ⿱止⿶凵米)

Derived characters

• 噛, 𬹴, 𮣁, 𮮾, 齢, 𪗱, 𫠚, 𮯃, 𮯅, 𪘚, 𮯇, 𮯈, 𮯋, 𮯌, 𮯎, 𪘂, 𬬜

Related characters

• 齒 (Orthodox traditional form)
• 齿 (Simplified form of 齒 in mainland China)

References

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 576, character 42
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16323
• Dae Jaweon: page 967, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1443, character 16
• Unihan data for U+6B6F

Chinese

Glyph origin

Unorthodox variant simplified from 齒 (⿳从一从 → 米 (mǐ)) found in various moveable type copies of classical novels.

First attested in 《宋元以來俗字譜》, a variant forms dictionary compiled in 1930.

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 歯 – see 齒 (“tooth; tooth- or zigzag-like thing, such as a sawtooth, cogwheel, or fern; etc.”). (This character, 歯, is a variant form of 齒.)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04796-005-1

Japanese

Shinjitai	歯
Kyūjitai	齒

Kanji

歯

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 齒)

1. tooth
2. age

Readings

• Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: は (ha, 歯, Jōyō); よわい (yowai, 歯)

Compounds

• 上(うわ)歯(ば) (uwaba)
• 下(した)歯(ば) (shitaba)
• 仮(か)歯(し) (kashi)
• 奥(おく)歯(ば) (okuba)
• 歯(し)列(れつ) (shiretsu)
• 歯(し)序(じょ) (shijo)
• 歯(し)徳(とく) (shitoku)
• 歯(し)朶(だ) (shida)
• 歯(し)槽(しょう) (shishō)
• 歯(し)牙(が) (shiga)
• 歯(は)ブラシ (haburashi)
• 歯(は)医(い)者(しゃ) (haisha)
• 歯(は)形(がた) (hagata)
• 歯(は)痒(がゆ)い (hagayui)
• 歯(は)茎(ぐき) (haguki)
• 臼(うす)歯(ば) (usuba)
• 臼(きゅう)歯(し) (kyūshi)
• 虫(むし)歯(ば) (mushiba)

 

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
歯
は Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Alternative spellings
齒 (kyūjitai) H 牙

/pa/ > /ɸa/ > /ha/.

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pa. Cognate with Okinawan 歯 (hā).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) は​ [háꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ha̠]

Noun

歯(は) • (ha) 

1. tooth

   歯(は)が痛(いた)い。

   Ha ga itai.

   My teeth hurt.

   １(いち)日(にち)に少(すく)なくとも ２(に)度(ど)歯(は)を磨(みが)くことが重(じゅう)要(よう)である。

   Ichinichi ni sukunakutomo nido ha o migaku koto ga jūyō de aru.

   It is important to brush your teeth at least twice a day.

   • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho (page 191)

     Fa. ハ (歯). Faga iru, l, ita. (歯が齭る, または, 齭た) 歯が浮く. Fauo nuqu. (歯を抜く) 歯を抜き取る. Faga nuquru. (歯が抜くる) 歯が抜けて落ちる. Fauo camu. (歯を嚙む) 歯をかみしめる, 合わせ閉じる. Fauo dasu. (歯を出す) 怒って歯をむき出す. Faga vqu. (歯が浮く) 歯が浮く, または, ぐらぐらする. Faga yurugu. (歯が揺ぐ) 歯が動く. Fauo curomuru. l, caneuo tçuquru. (歯を黒むる. または, 鉄漿を付くる) 歯を黒く染める.

2. (typography) a unit equal to 1 Q (kyū) and 0.25 mm, abbreviated as H; ha is used for spacing, while Q is used for font size

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
歯
し Grade: 3
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
齒 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 齒 (MC tsyhiX).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) し​ [shíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕi]

Noun

歯(し) • (shi) 

1. tooth
2. age

Derived terms

• 歯(し)を没(ぼっ)す (shi o bossu): die

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
歯
よわい Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
齒 (kyūjitai)

yopapi > yoɸaɸi > yowawi > yowai.

Alternative forms

• 齢

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) よわい [yòwáí] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) よわ​い [yòwáꜜì] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [jo̞ɰᵝa̠i]

Noun

歯(よわい) • (yowai) ^{←よはひ (yofafi)?}

1. age

References

• Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.

Okinawan

Shinjitai	歯
Kyūjitai	齒

Kanji

歯

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 齒)

Readings

• Kun: はー (hā, 歯)

Compounds

• 歯(はー)病(や)ん (hāyan, “toothache”)
• 歯(はー)病(や)み (hāyami, “toothache”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
歯
はー Grade: 3

Alternative spelling
齒 (kyūjitai)

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pa, from Proto-Japonic *pa. Cognate with mainland Japanese 歯 (ha) and Kunigami 歯 (pā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haː/

Noun

歯(はー) (hā) 

1. tooth

References

• “はー【歯】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
• Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.