審慎

Chinese

		to examine; to investigate; carefully to examine; to investigate; carefully; to try (in court)	cautious
trad. (審慎)		審	慎
simp. (审慎)		审	慎

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shěnshèn

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣˇ ㄕㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sam² san⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́m-sṳ́m

  (Hailu, HRS): shim^ˊ shim^ˊ

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sím-sīn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shěnshèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣˇ ㄕㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shěnshèn
    • Wade–Giles: shên³-shên⁴
    • Yale: shěn-shèn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheenshenn
    • Palladius: шэньшэнь (šɛnʹšɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sam² san⁶
    • Yale: sám sahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sam² san⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: sem² sen⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐm³⁵ sɐn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́m-sṳ́m
    • Hakka Romanization System: siim^ˋ siim^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sim³ sim³
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨm³¹ sɨm³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: shim^ˊ shim^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /ʃim²⁴⁻³³ ʃim²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sím-sīn
    • Tâi-lô: sím-sīn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: symsin
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sim⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sim⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sin⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sim⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sim⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sin³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sim⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sin³³/

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• Middle Chinese: syimX dzyinH

Rime
Character	審	慎
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)	真 (43)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	式任切	時刃切
Baxter	syimX	dzyinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiɪmX/	/d͡ʑiɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕimX/	/d͡ʑinH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕjemX/	/d͡ʑjenH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕimX/	/d͡ʑinH/
Li Rong	/ɕiəmX/	/ʑiĕnH/
Wang Li	/ɕĭĕmX/	/ʑĭĕnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕi̯əmX/	/ʑi̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shěn	shèn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sam2	san6

Adjective

審慎

1. (formal) cautious; careful

Synonyms

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• 不苟 (bùgǒu) (formal)
• 仔細 / 仔细 (zǐxì)
• 嚴 / 严 (yán)
• 嚴肅 / 严肃 (yánsù)
• 嚴謹 / 严谨 (yánjǐn)
• 墘角 (gièng-gáe̤k) (Eastern Min)
• 密切 (mìqiè)
• 對重 / 对重 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 小心 (xiǎoxīn)
• 慎密 (shènmì)
• 慎重 (shènzhòng)
• 慘淡 / 惨淡 (cǎndàn)
• 持重 (chízhòng)
• 板正 (bǎnzhèng)
• 正經 / 正经
• 當心 / 当心 (dāngxīn)
• 精心 (jīngxīn)
• 精細 / 精细 (jīngxì)
• 細心 / 细心 (xìxīn)
• 細膩 / 细腻 (xìnì) (Min)
• 致重 (Hokkien)
• 認真 / 认真 (rènzhēn)
• 謹嚴 / 谨严 (jǐnyán)
• 謹慎 / 谨慎 (jǐnshèn)
• 較真 / 较真 (jiàozhēn) (colloquial)
• 過細 / 过细 (guòxì)
• 鞠躬 (jūgōng) (literary)
• 頂真 / 顶真 (dǐngzhēn) (dialectal)