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希

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 稀
希 U+5E0C, 希
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E0C
← 帋
[U+5E0B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 帍 →
[U+5E0D]

Translingual

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Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

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希 (Kangxi radical 50, 巾+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 大大中月 (KKLB), four-corner 40227, composition ⿱㐅布)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 329, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8813
  • Dae Jaweon: page 634, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 731, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+5E0C

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 希
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (希) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
桸 *hral, *hlɯl
郗 *l̥ʰɯl
絺 *l̥ʰɯl
脪 *l̥ʰɯl, *hrɯnʔ, *hlɯns
瓻 *l̥ʰɯl
希 *hlɯl
晞 *hlɯl
莃 *hlɯl
鵗 *hlɯl
稀 *hlɯl
睎 *hlɯl
豨 *hlɯl, *hlɯlʔ
悕 *hlɯl
俙 *hlɯl, *hlɯlʔ
欷 *hlɯl, *hlɯls
浠 *hlɯl
唏 *hlɯlʔ, *hlɯls

Originally 𢁫, ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 爻 + 巾 (“cloth”).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 希
alternative forms 𢁫 original
𠬹／𠬯 ancient
㠻
𭤔
𢁙 erroneous

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 希
Mandarin Beijing /ɕi⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕi⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕi²¹/
Jinan /ɕi²¹³/
Qingdao /ɕi²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ɕi²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕi²¹/
Xining /ɕji⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕi⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ɕi³¹/
Ürümqi /ɕi⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕi⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ɕi⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕi⁵⁵/
Kunming /ɕi⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ɕi³¹/
Hefei /sz̩²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕi¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕi¹³/
Hohhot /ɕi³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɕi⁵³/
Suzhou /ɕi⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ɕi³³/
Wenzhou /sz̩³³/
Hui Shexian /ɕi³¹/
Tunxi /ɕi¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕi³³/
Xiangtan /ɕi³³/
Gan Nanchang /ɕi⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /hi⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /hi²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /hei⁵³/
Nanning /hi⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /hei⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hi⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hi⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xi⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hi³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hi²³/
Rime
Character 希
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 微 (20)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 香衣切
Baxter xj+j
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/hɨi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/hɨi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xiəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hɨj/
Li
Rong 		/xiəi/
Wang
Li 		/xĭəi/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hei1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 希
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xjɨj ›
Old
Chinese 		/*qʰəj/
English thin, sparse

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 希
Reading # 1/1
No. 13250
Phonetic
component 		希
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		希
Old
Chinese 		/*hlɯl/

Definitions

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希

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 稀 (xī, “rare; sparse”).
  2. to hope; to expect; to strive for
  3. to admire; to look up to
  4. short for 希臘／希腊 (Xīlà, “Greece; Greek”)
    希政府  ―  xī zhèngfǔ  ―  Greek government
    赴希  ―  fù xī  ―  (formal) to go to Greece
    訪希／访希  ―  fǎng xī  ―  (formal) to visit Greece
    中希關係／中希关系  ―  Zhōng-Xī guānxì  ―  China–Greece relations
  5. Used in transcription.
    希爾伯特／希尔伯特  ―  Xī'ěrbótè  ―  Hilbert
    普希金  ―  Pǔxījīn  ―  Pushikin
    波希米亞／波希米亚  ―  Bōxīmǐyà  ―  Bohemia
    希伯來／希伯来  ―  Xībólái  ―  Hebrew
  6. synonym of 絺 / 𫄨

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 希 – see 稀 (“sparse; rare; uncommon; scarce; etc.”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 稀).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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希

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to beg, to request
  2. hope
  3. rare
    Synonym: 稀
  4. Greece (short for 希臘(ギリシア) (Girishia))

Readings

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  • Go-on: け (ke)
  • Kan-on: き (ki, Jōyō)
  • Kun: まれ (mare, 希)、のぞみ (nozomi)、こいねがう (koinegau, 希う)
  • Nanori: の (no)、のぞ (nozo)、のぞみ (nozomi)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
希
き
Grade: 4
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Affix

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希(き) • (ki) 

  1. to hope

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
希
き
Grade: 4
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
稀

希 is a daiyōji replacing 稀.

Pronunciation

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Affix

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希(き) or 希(け) • (ki or ke) 

  1. rare; scarce
  2. sparse; dilute

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
希
まれ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 希 – see the following entry.
【稀まれ】J
[adjective] rare
(This term, 希, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
希
のぞみ
Grade: 4
nanori

Proper noun

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希(のぞみ) • (Nozomi) 

  1. a unisex given name

References

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Korean

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Hanja

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希 • (hui) (hangeul 희)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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希: Hán Nôm readings: hơi, he, hê, hy, hây, hi, thu

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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