爻

爻 U+723B, 爻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-723B ← 爺 [U+723A] CJK Unified Ideographs 爼 → [U+723C]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

爻 (radical 89, 爻+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大大 (KK), four-corner 4040₀, composition ⿱㐅乂)

1. Kangxi radical #89, ⽘.

Derived characters

• Index:Chinese radical/爻

References

• KangXi: page 690, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19737
• Dae Jaweon: page 1103, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 34, character 4
• Unihan data for U+723B

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		爻

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 爻
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (爻) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
崤	*ɢaːw, *ɢraːw
郩	*qaːwʔ
敎	*kraːw, *kraːws
較	*kreːwɢs, *kreːwɢ
肴	*ɢraːw
淆	*ɢraːw
倄	*ɢraːw, *ɢʷɯːʔ
爻	*ɢraːw
餚	*ɢraːw
殽	*ɢraːw
笅	*ɢraːw
駁	*praːwɢ

Pictogram (象形): 乂 + 乂 – 2 stacked ‘X’ marks, indicating cuts or marks.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yáo (yao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaau⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yèu
• Min Nan (POJ): ngâu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˊ
    • Wade–Giles: yao²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yau
    • IPA ^(key): /i̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngaau⁴
    • Yale: ngàauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngaau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngao⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /ŋɑːu̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèu
    • Hakka Romanization System: ieuˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu²
    • IPA: /i̯eu̯¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèu
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieuˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yeu²
    • IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngâu
    • Tâi-lô: ngâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ngaau
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ŋãʊ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋãʊ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ŋãʊ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ŋãʊ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋãʊ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦˠau/▼

Rime
Character	爻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	胡茅切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨw/
Li Rong	/ɣau/
Wang Li	/ɣau/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiáo

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-kˤraw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢraːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	爻	爻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yáo	yáo
Middle Chinese	‹ hæw ›	‹ hæw ›
Old Chinese	/*N-kˁraw/	/*N-kˁraw/
English	change; hexagram	change; hexagram
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	爻
Reading #	1/1
No.	14649
Phonetic component	爻
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	肴
Old Chinese	/*ɢraːw/

Definitions

爻

1. a figure composed of six stacked horizontal lines; a hexagram of the I Ching

Compounds

• 六爻
• 卦爻

• 陰爻／阴爻 (yīnyáo)

• 陽爻／阳爻 (yángyáo)

References

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
• “Query for 爻”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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Japanese

Kanji

爻

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): こう (kō)
• Kun: まじわる (majiwaru)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
爻
こう Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Noun

爻 (hiragana こう, rōmaji kō)

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Korean

Hanja

爻 • (hyo) (hangeul 효, revised hyo, McCune–Reischauer hyo, Yale hyo)

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Vietnamese

Han character

爻 (hào, loài)

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