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U+5411, 向
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5411

[U+5410]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5412]

Translingual

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Stroke order
0 strokes

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 30, +3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹月口 (HBR), four-corner 27220, composition 丿 or 𰃦)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 176, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3301
  • Dae Jaweon: page 393, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 579, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5411

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (house) + (mouth), echos in a place. The original form of . It was borrowed to represent 𠨍 () later.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
“ACG: for (directed at, intended to belong to)”
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese () (muke).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • hiòng/hiàng - literary;
  • hiàⁿ/ǹg/àⁿ - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (32)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter xjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/hɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/hiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/xiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hɨaŋH/
Li
Rong
/xiaŋH/
Wang
Li
/xĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xiàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hoeng3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xiàng
Middle
Chinese
‹ xjangH ›
Old
Chinese
/*n̥aŋ-s/
English window facing North; turn towards

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 13660
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hlaŋs/
Definitions
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  1. to face
      ―  xiàngyáng  ―  to face the sun
    大門大门  ―  dàmén xiàng nán  ―  the entrance faces south
      ―  xiàng xiàng ér xíng  ―  to walk towards each other
  2. to side with; to favour; to discriminate in favour of
  3. (literary) to admire; to revere
  4. (literary) to approach; to advance towards
      ―  xiàngwǎn  ―  evening
  5. direction
      ―  fēngxiàng  ―  wind direction
      ―  zhìxiàng  ―  ambitions
  6. towards; to
      ―  xiàng dōng zǒu  ―  to go east
    大海  ―  liú xiàng dàhǎi  ―  to flow towards the sea
    警方報案警方报案  ―  xiàng jǐngfāng bào'àn  ―  to report a crime to the post
    問題請教 [MSC, trad.]
    问题请教 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ yǒu xiē wèntí xiǎng xiàng nín qǐngjiào. [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    大家紛紛目光 [MSC, trad.]
    大家纷纷目光 [MSC, simp.]
    Dàjiā fēnfēn bǎ mùguāng tóu xiàng tā. [Pinyin]
    Everyone cast their gaze towards him.
  7. (literary) the old days; the past
  8. always; throughout
    研究  ―  xiàng yǒu yánjiū  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  9. (Taivoan religious concept) sorcery, taboo, and magic
  10. (chiefly ACG, suffix forming attributive adjectives) for (directed at, intended to belong to)
    子供  ―  zǐgōngxiàng  ―  family-friendly (literally, “for children”)
    催淚催泪  ―  cuīlèixiàng  ―  tearjerker
Compounds
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Descendants
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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Vietnamese: hướng ()

Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (26)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter syangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɕɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɕiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɕiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɕɨaŋH/
Li
Rong
/ɕiaŋH/
Wang
Li
/ɕĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɕi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
soeng3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 13658
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hljaŋs/
Definitions
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  1. An ancient state in modern Shandong
  2. name of two places in modern Henan
  3. a surname

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to turn toward; to approach; toward; facing; against; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified and ancient form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“in the near past; in the past; formerly; facing; against; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. yonder
  2. facing

Readings

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Compounds

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Proper noun

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(むかい) (Mukaiむかひ (Mukafi)?

  1. a surname

Korean

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Etymology 1

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Hanja

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(eumhun 향할 (hyanghal hyang))

  1. hanja form? of (facing)

Etymology 2

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Hanja

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(eumhun (seong sang))

  1. hanja form? of (a surname.)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: hướng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.