共同正犯

Chinese

		mutual; common; joint mutual; common; joint; collaborative; together; jointly; in collaboration; with joint efforts	principal offender; criminal who directly commit crimes
simp. and trad. (共同正犯)		共同	正犯

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gòngtóng zhèngfàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gung⁶ tung⁴ zeng³ faan⁶ / gung⁶ tung⁴ zing³ faan⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gòngtóng zhèngfàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gòngtóng jhèngfàn
    • Wade–Giles: kung⁴-tʻung² chêng⁴-fan⁴
    • Yale: gùng-túng jèng-fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gonqtorng jenqfann
    • Palladius: гунтун чжэнфань (guntun čžɛnfanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gung⁶ tung⁴ zeng³ faan⁶ / gung⁶ tung⁴ zing³ faan⁶
    • Yale: guhng tùhng jeng faahn / guhng tùhng jing faahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gung⁶ tung⁴ dzeng³ faan⁶ / gung⁶ tung⁴ dzing³ faan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gung⁶ tung⁴ zéng³ fan⁶ / gung⁶ tung⁴ jing³ fan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡sɛːŋ³³ faːn²²/, /kʊŋ²² tʰʊŋ²¹ t͡sɪŋ³³ faːn²²/

Noun

共同正犯

Examples
A and B wilfully stab C with knives. C dies as a result. Both A and B are guilty of murder as coprincipal offenders. The verdict would have been held even if A intended to kill C, while B only intended to hurt C; or it was proven that A’s stab killed C.

1. (civil law jurisdictions, criminal law) coprincipal offender