釁

See also: 衅

釁 U+91C1, 釁 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91C1 ← 釀 [U+91C0] CJK Unified Ideographs 釂 → [U+91C2]

Translingual

Han character

釁 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+18, 25 strokes, Cangjie input 竹月一金竹 (HBMCH), four-corner 7722₇, composition ⿳⿴𦥑同冖⿱酉分 (GKV))

Derived characters

• 虋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1289, character 27
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40103
• Dae Jaweon: page 1789, character 35
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 363, character 13
• Unihan data for U+91C1

Chinese

trad.		釁
simp.		衅
alternative forms		衅 舋

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 釁
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (釁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
釁	*hmrɯns
舋	*hmrɯns
亹	*mɯlʔ, *mɯːn
斖	*mɯlʔ
虋	*mɯːn
璺	*mɯns

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xìn (xin⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jan³ / jan⁶
• Eastern Min (BUC): hé̤ṳng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hyng⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hìn / hùn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hiêng³ / hiang³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sìn
    • Wade–Giles: hsin⁴
    • Yale: syìn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shinn
    • Palladius: синь (sinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jan³ / jan⁶
    • Yale: yan / yahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jan³ / jan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: yen³ / yen⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn³³/, /jɐn²²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hé̤ṳng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /høyŋ²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hyng⁴
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hṳ̍ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyŋ⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hìn
    • Tâi-lô: hìn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hixn
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hin⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hin²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn
    • Tâi-lô: hùn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huxn
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hiêng³ / hiang³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hièng / hiàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieŋ²¹³/, /hiaŋ²¹³/

Note:

• hiêng3 - Chaozhou;
• hiang3 - Shantou.

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 釁
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕin⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ɕin⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ɕin⁵³/
	Jinan	/ɕiẽ²¹³/ 舊 /ɕiẽ²¹/ 新
	Qingdao	/ɕiə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕin²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiẽ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕĩn¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiŋ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/ɕin³⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕin¹³/
	Guiyang	/ɕin²¹³/
	Kunming	/ɕĩ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ɕin⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ɕin⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiŋ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/ɕin⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/ɕin⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/ɕaŋ⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕiʌ̃³²⁴/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕin⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ɕin⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian
	Taoyuan	/lun⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɐn²²/
	Nanning	/jɐn²²/
	Hong Kong	/jɐn²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hun²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/høyŋ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xeiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hiaŋ²¹³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/hin³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: xinH

Rime
Character	釁
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	眞 (44)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許覲切
Baxter	xinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hˠiɪnH/
Pan Wuyun	/hᵚinH/
Shao Rongfen	/xienH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hjinH/
Li Rong	/xjĕnH/
Wang Li	/xǐĕnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/xi̯ĕnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xìn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	han3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m̥rər-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hmrɯns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	釁
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xìn
Middle Chinese	‹ xinH ›
Old Chinese	/*m̥rər-s/
English	smear with blood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	釁
Reading #	1/1
No.	13851
Phonetic component	釁
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	衅
Old Chinese	/*hmrɯns/
Notes	同釁說文分亦聲

Definitions

釁

1. (historical) blood rite, in which the blood of a sacrifice is smeared upon an object
   1. (archaic) to smear (with blood)
2. (archaic) crack; rift
3. dispute; quarrel; feud
4. a surname

Compounds

• 三釁三沐 / 三衅三沐 (sānxìnsānmù)
• 三釁三浴 / 三衅三浴
• 卑梁之釁 / 卑梁之衅
• 尋釁 / 寻衅 (xúnxìn)
• 尋釁滋事 / 寻衅滋事 (xúnxìn zīshì)
• 抉瑕擿釁 / 抉瑕擿衅
• 挑釁 / 挑衅 (tiǎoxìn)
• 搆釁 / 构衅
• 啟釁 / 启衅 (qǐxìn)
• 構釁 / 构衅
• 瑕釁 / 瑕衅
• 禍結釁深 / 祸结衅深
• 覆餗之釁 / 覆𫗧之衅
• 觀釁 / 观衅
• 觀釁伺隙 / 观衅伺隙
• 觀釁而動 / 观衅而动
• 貪功起釁 / 贪功起衅
• 起釁 / 起衅 (qǐxìn)
• 釁惡 / 衅恶
• 釁故 / 衅故
• 釁浴 / 衅浴
• 釁發蕭牆 / 衅发萧墙
• 釁端 / 衅端 (xìnduān)
• 釁起蕭牆 / 衅起萧墙
• 釁鐘 / 衅钟
• 釁隙 / 衅隙
• 釁面 / 衅面
• 釁鼓 / 衅鼓
• 險釁 / 险衅

Japanese

Kanji

釁

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to smear with blood

Readings

• Kan-on: きん (kin)
• Kun: ちぬる (chinuru, 釁る)、ひま (hima, 釁)、すき (suki, 釁)

Compounds

• 瑕釁(かきん) (kakin)

Korean

Hanja

釁 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

釁: Hán Nôm readings: hấn, hắn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.