co-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "co"

English

Etymology

From the Latin prefix co-.

Pronunciation

• enPR: kōʹ, IPA^(key): /ˈkoʊ-/
• (unstressed) enPR: kŏ, IPA^(key): /kɒ/

Prefix

co-

1. together; mutually; jointly
2. partner or subordinate in an activity
3. to the same degree
4. (mathematics) of the opposite, of the counterpart; dual

   cokernel; codimension; cosine; counion; cointersection

Usage notes

• With many terms, a hyphen (-) is used in British English (e.g. co-operate), which is omitted in informal American English (e.g. cooperate). In formal American English the second vowel would be decorated with a diaeresis (coöperate), although this usage is rare and somewhat fussy.

Derived terms

► English words prefixed with co-

• cosemisimple
• coseparable
• cosplit
• counital

Translations

together, mutually, jointly

• Asturian: co-
• Catalan: co- (ca)
• Czech: spolu- (cs)
• Danish: sam-
• Dutch: mede-
• French: co- (fr)
• Galician: co-
• German: ko- (de), mit- (de)
• Italian: co-

• Latin: co-
• Low German:

  German Low German: met- (nds) (Münsterland), mit- (nds) (Northern Germany)

• North Frisian: mä- (Föhr)
• Polish: współ- (pl)
• Portuguese: co- (pt)
• Russian: со- (ru) (so-), ко- (ru) (ko-), взаимо- (ru) (vzaimo-)
• Spanish: co- (es)
• Swedish: ko- (sv), med- (sv)

Anagrams

• O. C., O.C., OC, Oc, Oc.

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French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ko/, /kɔ/

Prefix

co-

1. co- (together; jointly)

Derived terms

► French words prefixed with co-

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Latin

Etymology

Shortened form of cum, from Old Latin com, from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“next to, at, with, along”), cognate with Proto-Germanic *ga- (“co-”).

Prefix

co-

1. together, with

   cōgō, Quirīnus (co-vir-īnus), cohaereō, coeō

2. (intensifier)
   • orior (“I rise”) → coorior (“I arise, I spring forth”)
   • emō (“I buy”) → coemō (“I buy up”)
   • rumpō (“I break, I destroy”) → corrumpō (“I pervert, I contaminate”)
   • horrēscō (“I dread”) → cohorrēscō (“I shudder, I shiver”)
   • lābor (“I slip, I go wrong”) → collābor (“I collapse, I fall in ruin”)

Derived terms

► Latin words prefixed with co-

Related terms

• com-
• con-

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Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish com-.

Prefix

co-

1. co-

Derived terms

► Manx words prefixed with co-

Mutation

Manx mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
co-	cho-	go-
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• “com-” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sɔ/

Prefix

co-

1. Forms adjectives specifying how often something happens; -ly

   codzienny ― daily

   cogodzinny ― hourly

   comiesięczny ― monthly

   coroczny ― yearly

Derived terms

► Polish words prefixed with co-

Further reading

• co- in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• comh-

Etymology

From Old Irish com-.

Prefix

co-

1. Usually (but not always) designates mutuality or reciprocity.

Derived terms

► Scottish Gaelic words prefixed with co-

References

• “com-” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

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Spanish

Prefix

co-

1. co-

Derived terms

► Spanish words prefixed with co-