dra

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dra"

Translingual

Symbol

dra

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Dravidian languages.

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch dragen.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

dra (present dra, present participle draende, past participle gedra)

1. to carry
2. to wear

   Fjodor is die eerste Russiese tsaar wat Westerse klere dra.

   Fjodor is the first Russian tsar that wears western clothes.

Albanian

Alternative forms

• drâ — Gheg

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *drag-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrā́ks (“dregs, sediment”), likely of non-Indo-European origin. Alternatively from Dacian *draga.

Noun

dra m (plural dra, definite drau, definite plural dratë)

1. sediment, dregs
2. smudged butter
3. sweepings, dirt

Declension

Declension of dra

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	dra	drau	dra	dratë
accusative		draun
dative	drau	draut	drave	drave
ablative			drash

Related terms

• ndrag

Further reading

• “dra”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
• FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎^[3], 1980

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdra]

Verb

dra

1. masculine singular present transgressive of dřít

Synonyms

• dera

Related terms

• derouc
• dříc

Dutch

Alternative forms

• (obsolete) draey

Etymology

From Middle Dutch drade, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic [Term?]. cognates include Old High German drāto (“quickly, suddenly, violently, intensely”) and its adjectival counterpart drāti; ultimately all derive from the same root to which draaien (“to turn”) (English throw, German drehen (“to turn”)) belongs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /draː/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

dra

1. (archaic) soon

Derived terms

• aldra
• weldra
• zodra

Fijian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Oceanic *draʀaq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *daʀaq, from Proto-Austronesian *daʀaq.

Noun

dra

1. blood
2. sap (of plant)

Verb

dra

1. to bleed

   E dra tiko na ucuna.

   His/her nose is bleeding.

References

• Gatty, Ronald (2009), “dra”, in Fijian–English Dictionary: with notes on Fijian culture and natural history, Suva, Fiji: R. Gatty, →ISBN, page 70

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French drap (“sheet”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɣa/

Noun

dra

1. bedsheet

References

• Targète, Jean; Urciolo, Raphael (1993), Haitian Creole-English Dictionary‎^[4], Dunwoody Press, →ISBN, page 55

Kalkoti

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr

Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰráHtā

Sanskrit भ्रातृ॑ (bhrā́tṛ)

Kalkoti dra

Inherited from Sanskrit भ्रातृ॑ (bhrā́tṛ), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰráHtā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.

Noun

dra

1. brother

References

• Liljegren, Henrik (2013), “Notes on Kalkoti: A Shina Language with Strong Kohistani Influences”, in Linguistic Discovery‎^[5], volume 11, number 1, →DOI

Lombard

Etymology

From de +‎ la.

Pronunciation

• (Old Lombard) IPA^(key): [ˈdɾa]

Article

dra

1. (Old Lombard) of the
2. (Old Lombard) from the

Ma'di

Etymology

Cognate with Lugbara drà.

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): [ɖà], [dà]
• Hyphenation: dra

Verb

drã

2. (intransitive) to die

Conjugation

Conjugation of -drã- (intransitive)
		singular			plural			indefinite
		I	II	III	I	II	III
past indicative	long	má drã	nyí drã	drã	ãmã drã	ãnyĩ drã	drã kí	ódrã
	short	ádrã	ídrã	odrã	ãdrã	ĩdrã	odrã kí
nonpast indicative	L.	má drã1)	nyí drã1)	kódrã1)	ãmá drã1)	ãnyí drã1)	kódrã1) kí	á'di drã1)
	B.	má drá	nyí drá	kúdrá	ãmã drá	ãnyĩ drá	kúdrá kí	ádrá
imperative	L.	mã drã	nyĩ drã	kõdrã	ãmã drã	ãnyĩ drã	kõdrã kí	ódrã1)
	B.	ãmá drã	ãnyí drã	kũdrã			kũdrã kí	ádrã1)
		simple subordinate	objective subordinate	subjective subordinate I		subjective subordinate II		indirect subordinate
				singular	plural	singular	plural
		drãka	drãlé	drãre	drã'bá	drã'di	drãka	drãjó
1) The root is preceded by a low floating tone, which is realised on the final vowel of the preceding syllable, or as a contour tone on the first vowel of the root.

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): [ɖá], [dá]
• Hyphenation: dra

Verb

drá

1. first/second-person non-past indicative of drã

References

• Mairi Blackings; Nigel Fabb (2003), A Grammar of Ma'di, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 646

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• drage (obsolete)

Etymology

Inherited from Danish drage, from Old Norse draga, from Proto-Germanic *draganą. The contracted form is due to influence from Norwegian vernaculars.

Verb

dra (present tense drar, past tense dro or drog, past participle dratt or dradd)

1. to pull, draw, drag
2. to leave, depart, go

   dra på ferie ― to go on holiday

3. (colloquial, of a man) to wank, masturbate

Derived terms

• dra til helvete
• dragkamp
• oppdra
• overdra
• pådra

References

• “dra” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “dra” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• draga, drage (long forms).

Etymology

From Old Norse draga, from Proto-Germanic *draganą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreǵ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /drɑː/

Verb

dra (present tense dreg or drar, simple past drog, supine drege or dratt or dradd, past participle dregen or dradd, present participle dragande, imperative dra)

1. (transitive) to pull; drag, draw
2. (intransitive) to leave; depart; go

   å dra på ferie

   to go on holiday

Derived terms

• dra til helvete
• dragkamp
• oppdra
• overdra
• pådra

References

• “dra” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɔkˈtɔ.ra/
• Rhymes: -ɔra

Noun

dra m pers

1. genitive/accusative singular of dr

Puyuma

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *da (“locative case marker”).

Article

dra

1. construction marker for common nouns, oblique

   a puyuma mekan dra tinalrek.

   Puyuma eat rice.

References

• Josiane Cauquelin (2015), Nanwang Puyuma-English Dictionary (Language and Linguistics Monograph Series 56), Taipei: Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, →ISBN, page 132

Swedish

Alternative forms

• draga (dated)

Etymology

Apocopic form of draga, from Old Swedish dragha, from Old Norse draga, from Proto-Germanic *draganą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰreǵ-. In some senses, from Middle Low German dragen (“carry”) (compare German tragen).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /drɑː/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː

Verb

dra (present drar, preterite drog, supine dragit, imperative dra)

1. to pull (on something, possibly causing it to move)

   Hästen drar vagnen. ― The horse pulls the cart.

   dra ut en tand ― pull out a tooth

   dra ut en utdragbar skärbräda ― pull out a pull-out cutting board

   dra något över golvet ― pull something across the floor [compare släpa]

   Han drog i repet ― He pulled the rope [i adds a nuance of "pulled on," rather than "pulled along the ground" or the like]

   1. to tow (a trailer or the like – compare bogsera)

      Bilen drar släpet. ― The car tows the trailer.

   2. to draw (a weapon, from a sheath, holster, or the like)

      Riddaren drog sitt svärd. ― The knight drew his sword.

      med dragna pistoler ― with guns drawn

      att dra kniv ― to pull a knife / knives

2. (figuratively) to pull (give; tell)

   Kan du dra siffrorna igen? ― Can you pull the numbers again?

   1. to tell (a short story, joke, or the like)

      Dra den där fräckisen igen som du drog igår kväll.

      Tell that dirty joke again that you told last night.

   2. to play

      Nisse drog en låt på dragspelet (somewhat colloquial)

      Nisse played a song on the accordion

3. to draw (a conclusion, lesson), to conclude

   Synonyms: komma fram till, sluta sig till

   dra en slutsats ― to draw a conclusion

   dra lärdom (av) ― to learn something (from)

   Med den informationen kan man dra slutsatsen att myrsloken måste vara i den blå lådan.

   With that information, one can conclude that the anteater must be in the blue box.

   dra lärdom av det inträffade ― to draw lessons from the incident

4. to consume (some resource needed on a continuous basis)

   Hur mycket drar bilen per mil?

   How much [petrol] does the car consume per [Scandinavian] mile?

5. to draw (a line, curve, or the like – compare rita)

   dra ett streck över något (idiomatic) ― draw a line under something

6. to hold back on (something (due to hesitancy))

   Han drog på svaret. ― He hesitated before answering.

   Jag borde göra det nu, men jag drar mig.

   I should do it now, but I'm delaying (finding it difficult, etc.).

8. to move [with fram ‘forth’, in ‘in’, etc.] (often of something large, like a storm or an army – see also rycka)

   Stormen drog fram över ön. ― The storm swept across the island.

   Stormen drog in över ön. ― The storm moved in over the island.

   1. to pull away [with ifrån ‘from’] (increase one's lead (in a (speed) competition))

      Den franska föraren börjar dra ifrån i ledningen.

      The French driver is starting to pull away in the lead.

10. (colloquial) to go (somewhere), to leave (for some other place), (sometimes a good match for tone) to head off, to go off (to somewhere, or leave)

    Synonyms: sticka, (leave) dunsta, (leave) gitta

    • 1998, Jan Nordlund, Johan Lagerlöf, Jens Bergmark, Daniel Bäckström, Arijan Selami, Marko Lehtosalo, Stefan Enberg, “Vi drar till fjällen [We head off to the mountains]”‎^[6]performed by Markoolio [portmanteau of his first name Marko and the stage name of American rapper Coolio]; Elise Myrberg; Jemma Myrberg:

      Vi drar till fjällen. Fest hela kvällen. Ute och glider med snowboard och skidor. Vi drar till fjällen. Fest hela kvällen. Se upp i backen för finska attacken.

      We head off to the mountains [or "We're headin' for the mountains" or something colloquial like that]. Party [noun] all night [the whole evening]. Out sliding with snowboard and skis. We head off to the mountains. Party all night. Watch out on the slopes [slope] for the Finnish attack.

    Ska vi dra ner på stan? ― Wanna go downtown?

    Vi drog hem till Nisse. ― We went over to Nisse's place. ["over" for a more colloquial tone]

    Vi drar! ― Let's get out of here!

    Vi ska dra ― We're gonna head out

    dra till Italien på semester / dra på semester till Italien

    head off to Italy on vacation / head off on vacation to Italy [fairly good match for tone]

    [Jag] ska dra till jobbet om tio minuter

    I'm off / gonna head off to work in ten minutes

    Han bara drog utan att säga vart han skulle. Skum snubbe.

    He just went off without saying [to] where [whither] he was going. Strange guy. [See ska for why there is åka (“go [with a conveyance]”), gå (“walk”), or the like]

11. (idiomatic) to idle (do nothing (productive))

    gå och dra ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

    De bara går och drar hela dagarna. ― They're just idling all day.

12. to run (install (cables, pipes, etc.))

    dra kabel i taket ― run cable in the ceiling

13. to be burdened [with med ‘with’]

    Hon drogs med flera åkommor. ― She was burdened with several ailments.

14. to steep (be steeped in liquid in order to extract ("pull") flavor compounds, etc.)

    Låt teet dra i fyra minuter. ― Let the tea steep for four minutes.

Usage notes

Dra and rycka (“yank, pull”) have some overlap with how pull is sometimes used for more general movement in English in (sense 7), though it's not perfect. You can't "dra/rycka" ("pull/yank") into a driveway, for example.

Conjugation

Conjugation of dra (class 6 strong)

	active		passive
infinitive	dra		dras
supine	dragit		dragits
imperative	dra		—
imper. plural1	dran		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	drar	drog	dras	drogs
ind. plural1	dra	drogo	dras	drogos
subjunctive2	dra	droge	dras	droges
present participle		dragande
past participle		dragen

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Conjugation of draga (class 6 strong, dated)

	active		passive
infinitive	draga		dragas
supine	dragit		dragits
imperative	drag		—
imper. plural1	dragen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	drager	drog	drages	drogs
ind. plural1	draga	drogo	dragas	drogos
subjunctive2	drage	droge	drages	droges
present participle		dragande
past participle		dragen

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• andra
• bedra
• bidra
• dra av
• dra fram
• dra för
• dra ifrån
• dra igång
• dra ihop
• dra ihop sig
• dra in
• dra med sig
• dra på
• dra på sig
• dra på trissor
• dra samman
• dra sig
• dra till
• dra till sig
• dra upp
• dra ut
• dra över
• dragare
• fördra
• föredra
• hårdra
• indra
• sammandra
• uppdra
• ådra

See also

• släpa

References

• “dra”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “dra”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “dra”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Anagrams

• dar, rad

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English drawen, from Old English dragan, from Proto-West Germanic *dragan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /draː/

Verb

dra

1. to draw
   • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 59:

     Note will wee dra aaght to-die?

     I don't know will we draw any to-day?

Derived terms

• drawer

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 36