-ot

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ot"

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin -ottus (“a kind of”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈɔt]

Suffix

-ot m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ots, feminine -ota, feminine plural -otes)

forms augmentatives, i.e. words expressing greatness or size
‎peix (“fish”) + ‎-ot → ‎peixot (“large fish”)

‎peu (“foot”) + ‎-ot → ‎peuot

‎clatell (“nape”) + ‎-ot → ‎clatellot
forms a masculine noun from a feminine noun that is a particular type of the root
‎cuixa (“thigh”) + ‎-ot → ‎cuixot (“ham”)

‎illa (“island”) + ‎-ot → ‎illot (“islet”)

‎ungla (“fingernail”) + ‎-ot → ‎unglot (“cloven hoof”)
forms a masculine noun from a feminine noun
‎abella (“bee”) + ‎-ot → ‎abellot (“drone”)

‎merla (“blackbird”) + ‎-ot → ‎merlot (“male blackbird”)

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Spanish: -ote

Champenois

Etymology

Inherited from Old French -et, from Late Latin -ittus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /o/

Noun

-ot m (feminine -ote)

suffix indicating diminution or affection

References

Daunay, Jean (1998), Parlers de Champagne : Pour un classement thématique du vocabulaire des anciens parlers de Champagne (Aube - Marne - Haute-Marne)‎^[1] (in French), Rumilly-lés-Vaudes
Baudoin, Alphonse (1885), Glossaire de la forêt de Clairvaux‎^[2] (in French), Troyes

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ ot]

Suffix

-ot m inan (noun-forming suffix)

forms masculine nouns, often referring to sounds

Derived terms

Czech terms suffixed with -ot

French

Etymology

Variant of -et, originally from Burgundy. See Burgundian -ôt. From Vulgar Latin *-ottum.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /o/
Audio (France (Lyon)): (file)
Audio (France (Somain)): (file)

Suffix

-ot m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ots)

forms the diminutive of certain words; often the meaning changes unpredictably
‎frère (“brother”) + ‎-ot → ‎frérot (“little brother, kid; bro”)

‎bourrique f (“she-ass, jenny”) + ‎-ot → ‎bourricot m (“small donkey”)

‎bec (“beak”) + ‎-ot → ‎bécot (“peck, small kiss”)

‎ciboule (“scallion”) + ‎-ot → ‎ciboulot (“noggin, head”) (colloquial)

Suffix

-ot m (proper noun-forming suffix)

forms the diminutive of names
‎Pierre + ‎-ot → ‎Pierrot

‎Charles + ‎-ot → ‎Charlot

Suffix

-ot (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ote, masculine plural -ots, feminine plural -otes)
-ot (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -otte, masculine plural -ots, feminine plural -ottes) (in some words)

forms the diminutive of adjectives
‎petit (“small”) + ‎-ot → ‎petiot (“teeny, tiny”)

‎Old French manc (“crippled, maimed”) + ‎-ot → ‎manchot (“one-armed; armless”)

‎jeune (“young”) + ‎-ot → ‎(feminine jeunotte) jeunot (“teeny, tiny”)

Derived terms

-oter (“diminutive indicator for verbs”)

Hungarian

Etymology

From -o- (linking vowel) +‎ -t (accusative suffix).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ot]

Suffix

-ot (accusative case suffix)

Back-vowel variant of -t. See details there.
ablak (“window”) → Kinyitotta az ablakot. ― He/she opened the window.

nagy (“big”) → nagyot sóhajt ― to have a deep sigh

hat (“six”) → Hány könyvet vettél? - Hatot. ― How many books did you buy? - Six.

Usage notes

(accusative case suffix): It can be added to nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns. Whether a suffix-initial vowel (linking vowel) will be used is hard to predict and thus needs to be learned with each word. A rule of thumb, however, is that older and shorter words tend to incorporate a vowel, rather than simply use -t. Variants:
-t is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-. Final -o in foreign words changes to -ó-.

-ot is added to most back-vowel words ending in a consonant

-at is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

-et is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant

-öt is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant

-∅ (zero form), optionally, after possessive suffixes, especially in the singular but sometimes also in the plural (and not infrequently after multiple-possession forms as well), except for the third-person singular (“his/her/its”, -ja/-je) as its omission would not reduce the number of syllables.
Elviszem a kabátom(at/∅), kabátod(at/∅); kabátunk(at/∅), kabátotok(at/∅), kabátjuk(at/∅); kabátjaim(at/∅) etc.
I’ll take my coat, your coat; our coat, [plural] your coat, their coat; my coats etc.

It is also omitted usually from the accusative forms of first- and second-person singular personal pronouns (engem, téged (“me, you”)).

Hungarian case suffixes
case	back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú	front vowel
case	back vowel a, á, o, ó, u, ú	unrounded e, é, i, í	rounded ö, ő, ü, ű
nominative	—
accusative	-t
accusative	-ot / -at	-et	-öt
dative	-nak	-nek
instrumental	-val	-vel
causal-final	-ért
translative	-vá	-vé
terminative	-ig
essive-formal	-ként¹
essive-modal	-ul	-ül
inessive	-ban	-ben
superessive	-n
superessive	-on	-en	-ön
adessive	-nál	-nél
illative	-ba	-be
sublative	-ra	-re
allative	-hoz	-hez	-höz
elative	-ból	-ből
delative	-ról	-ről
ablative	-tól	-től

¹ Stem-final -a/-e changes to -á-/-é-, respectively, except before -ként.
alma — almában, but almaként
zene ― zenében, but zeneként

Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *-ujëtēk.

Suffix

-ot

Forms automative passive verbs, which imply the lack of a purposive agent.

Usage notes

This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Inflection

Contracted o-stem, no gradation
infinitive	-ot
1st sing. present	-on
1st sing. past	-ojin
infinitive	-ot	action noun	-on
present participle	-ojeaddji	action inessive	-omin -ome
past participle	-on	action elative	-omis
agent participle	—	action comitative	-omiin
		abessive	-okeahttá
	present indicative	past indicative	imperative
1st singular	-on	-ojin	-ojēhkon
2nd singular	-ot	-ojit	-o
3rd singular	-o	-ui	-ojēhkos
1st dual	-ojetne	-uime	-ojeadnu -ojeahkku
2nd dual	-obeahtti	-uide	-ojeahkki
3rd dual	-oba	-uiga	-ojēhkoska
1st plural	-ot	-uimet	-ojētnot -ojēhkot -ojeahkkot -ojeadnot
2nd plural	-obēhtet	-uidet	-ojēhket
3rd plural	-ojit	-ojedje	-ojēhkoset
connegative	-o	-on	-o
	conditional 1	conditional 2	potential
1st singular	-ošin -ošedjen	-olin -oledjen	-ožan
2nd singular	-ošit -ošedjet	-olit -oledjet	-ožat
3rd singular	-ošii	-olii	-oža -oš
1st dual	-ošeimme	-oleimme	-ožetne
2nd dual	-ošeidde	-oleidde	-ožeahppi
3rd dual	-ošeigga	-oleigga	-ožeaba
1st plural	-ošeimmet	-oleimmet	-ožit -ožat
2nd plural	-ošeiddet	-oleiddet	-ožēhpet
3rd plural	-oše -ošedje	-ole -oledje	-ožit
connegative	-oše	-ole	-oš

Derived terms

Northern Sami terms suffixed with -ot

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *-utją.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ot/

Suffix

-ot

alternative form of -et

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-tósder.

Proto-Slavic *-otъ

Polish -ot

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɔt/
Rhymes: -ɔt
Syllabification: -ot
Homophones: od, od-, ot

Suffix

-ot m

forms masculine nouns, typically sounds
‎stukać + ‎-ot → ‎stukot

Conjugation

Declension of -ot

	singular	plural
nominative	-ot	-oty
genitive	-otu	-otów
dative	-otowi	-otom
accusative	-ot	-oty
instrumental	-otem	-otami
locative	-ocie	-otach
vocative	-ocie	-oty

Derived terms

Seneca

Suffix

-ot

root for standing

References

Wallace Chafe (2014), A Grammar of the Seneca Language, University of California Press, page 87

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-otъ.

Suffix

-ot m inan (noun-forming suffix)

forms masculine nouns, often referring to sounds
‎šťukať + ‎-ot → ‎šťukot

‎cvakať + ‎-ot → ‎cvakot

‎štrngať + ‎-ot → ‎štrngot

‎hrkotať + ‎-ot → ‎hrkot

Volapük

Suffix

-ot

Used to indicate a more concrete or more serious example.

Derived terms

Volapük terms suffixed with -ot

case	suffix	who?	what?	this	that	he/she (it)¹	verbal prefix	category
nominative	–	ki	mi	ez	az	ő* / -∅ az / -∅	–	–
accusative	-t / -ot / -at / -et / -öt	kit	mit	ezt	azt	őt* / -∅ azt / -∅	–	c₁ c₂
dative	-nak / -nek	kinek	minek	ennek	annak	neki	neki-	category
instrumental	-val / -vel	kivel	mivel	ezzel/ evvel	azzal/ avval	vele		category
causal-final	-ért	kiért	miért	ezért	azért	érte	–	category
translative	-vá / -vé	kivé	mivé	ezzé	azzá	–	–	category
terminative	-ig	–	meddig	eddig	addig	–	–	category
essive-formal	-ként	(kiként)	(miként)	ekként	akként	–	–	category
essive-modal	-ul / -ül	–	–	–	–	–	–	category
inessive	-ban / -ben	kiben	miben	ebben	abban	benne	–	category
superessive	-n/-on/-en/-ön	kin	min	ezen	azon	rajta	(rajta-)	category
adessive	-nál / -nél	kinél	minél	ennél	annál	nála	–	category
illative	-ba / -be	kibe	mibe	ebbe	abba	bele	bele-	category
sublative	-ra / -re	kire	mire	erre	arra	rá	rá-	category
allative	-hoz/-hez/-höz	kihez	mihez	ehhez	ahhoz	hozzá	hozzá-	category
elative	-ból / -ből	kiből	miből	ebből	abból	belőle	–	category
delative	-ról / -ről	kiről	miről	erről	arról	róla	–	category
ablative	-tól / -től	kitől	mitől	ettől	attól	tőle	–	category

Catalan

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Champenois

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

References

Czech

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Derived terms

Further reading

French

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Suffix

Suffix

Derived terms

Hungarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Usage notes

See also

Northern Sami

Etymology

Suffix

Usage notes

Inflection

Derived terms

See also

Old English

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Polish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Conjugation

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Seneca

Suffix

References

Slovak

Etymology

Suffix

Volapük

Suffix

Derived terms