fugol

Old English

Alternative forms

• fugel, fugul
• *flugol — attested as fluglas (pl)

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *fugl, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz. Cognate with Old Frisian fugel, Old Saxon fugal, Old Dutch fogal, Old High German fogal, Old Norse fugl, Gothic 𐍆𐌿𐌲𐌻𐍃 (fugls).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfu.ɡol/, [ˈfu.ɣol]

Noun

fugol m

1. bird
   • 10th century, The Wanderer:

     wlonc bī wealle. · Sume wīġ fornōm,
     ferede in forðweġe; · sumne fugel ōþbær
     ofer hēanne holm; · sumne sē hāra wulf
     dēaðe ġedǣlde, · sumne drēoriġhlēor
     in eorðsċræfe · eorl ġehȳdde.

     proud by the wall. The war took away some men,
     carried into the forth-way; a bird bore away someone
     over deep sea; the grey wolf shared someone with death;
     a sad-faced warrior hid someone in earthen cave.

   • Wonders of the East

     Hī habbað eoseles ēaran ⁊ sċeapes wulle ⁊ fugles fēt.

     They have the ears of a donkey, the wool of a sheep, and the feet of a bird.

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	fugol	fuglas
accusative	fugol	fuglas
genitive	fugles	fugla
dative	fugle	fuglum

It is often declined without syncope:

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	fugol	fugolas
accusative	fugol	fugolas
genitive	fugoles	fugola
dative	fugole	fugolum

Derived terms

• brimfugol (“seabird, seagull”)
• cwēnfugol (“female bird, hen”)
• dopfugol (“waterfowl”)
• fuglere (“fowler”)
• fuglian (“to catch birds”)
• fugolcynn (“birdkind”)
• fugolnoþ (“bird-catching, fowling”)
• fugoloþ (“fowling”)
• gōsfugol (“goose”)
• hafocfugol (“hawk”)
• heofonfugol (“bird of the sky”)
• nēfugol (“carrion bird”)
• Sǣfugol (“a given name”)

Descendants

• Middle English: foul, fouel, fowel, fowele, fowl, foȝel, fuȝel, fuhel (Early Middle English), voȝel (Kent), feul, fewl, fewle, ffewyll, foghel, foughel, foyhel (Yorkshire)
  • English: fowl
    • Krio: fɔl
    • Sranan Tongo: fowru
  • Middle Scots: foul, fowle
    • Scots: fowl
  • Yola: fowlès (plural)

References

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “fugol”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.