say

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See also: Say, sầy, sẩy, sậy, şay, and saþ

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation[edit]

  • enPR: sā, IPA(key): /seɪ/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪ

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle English seyen, seien, seggen, from Old English seċġan (“to say, speak”), from Proto-West Germanic *saggjan, from Proto-Germanic *sagjaną (“to say”), from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷ-h₁-yé-, a suffixed o-grade form of *sekʷ- (“to tell, talk”).

Cognate with West Frisian sizze (“to say”), Dutch zeggen (“to say”), German sagen (“to say”), Danish sige (“to say”), Norwegian Bokmål si (“to say”), Norwegian Nynorsk seia (“to say”), Swedish säga (“to say”), Yiddish זאָגן‎ (zogn, “to say; to tell”).

The adverb and interjection are from the verb.

Alternative forms[edit]

Verb[edit]

say (third-person singular simple present says, present participle saying, simple past and past participle said)

  1. (transitive) To pronounce.
    Please say your name slowly and clearly.
  2. (transitive) To recite.
    Martha, will you say the Pledge of Allegiance?
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VIII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, OCLC 4293071, pages 53-54:
      Then everybody once more knelt, and soon the blessing was pronounced. The choir and the clergy trooped out slowly, […], down the nave to the western door. […] At a seemingly immense distance the surpliced group stopped to say the last prayer.
  3. (transitive) To tell, either verbally or in writing.
    He said he would be here tomorrow.
  4. (transitive) To indicate in a written form.
    The sign says it’s 50 kilometres to Paris.
  5. (impersonal, transitive) To have a common expression; used in singular passive voice or plural active voice to indicate a rumor or well-known fact.
    They say "when in Rome, do as the Romans do", which means "behave as those around you do."
    • 1815, George Gordon Byron, The Hebrew Melodies/They say that Hope is happiness:
      They say that Hope is happiness; But genuine Love must prize the past.
    • 1819, Great Britain Court of Chancery, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the High Court of Chancery, page 8:
      It is said, a bargain cannot be set aside upon inadequacy only.
    • 1841, Christopher Marshall, The Knickerbocker (New-York Monthly Magazine), page 379:
      It’s said that fifteen wagon loads of ready-made clothes for the Virginia troops came to, and stay in, town to-night.
  6. (informal, imperative, transitive) Suppose, assume; used to mark an example, supposition or hypothesis.
    A holiday somewhere warm – Florida, say – would be nice.
    Say he refuses. What do we do then?
    Say your family is starving and you don't have any money, is it okay to steal some food?
    • 1984, Martin Amis, Money: a suicide note
      I've followed Selina down the strip, when we're shopping, say, and she strolls on ahead, wearing sawn-off jeans and a wash-withered T-shirt […]
  7. (intransitive) To speak; to express an opinion; to make answer; to reply.
  8. (transitive, informal, of a possession, especially money) To bet as a wager on an outcome; by extension, used to express belief in an outcome by the speaker.
    • 2005, Ian McEwan, Saturday, page 192:
      'My fifty pounds says three months after the invasion there'll be a free press in Iraq, and unmonitored internet access too.'
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of say
infinitive say
present participle saying
past participle said
simple progressive perfect perfect progressive
present I say we say I am saying we are saying I have said we have said I have been saying we have been saying
you say you say you are saying you are saying you have said you have said you have been saying you have been saying
he says they say he is saying they are saying he has said they have said he has been saying they have been saying
past I said we said I was saying we were saying I had said we had said I had been saying we had been saying
you said you said you were saying you were saying you had said you had said you had been saying you had been saying
he said they said he was saying they were saying he had said they had said he had been saying they had been saying
future I will say we will say I will be saying we will be saying I will have said we will have said I will have been saying we will have been saying
you will say you will say you will be saying you will be saying you will have said you will have said you will have been saying you will have been saying
he will say they will say he will be saying they will be saying he will have said they will have said he will have been saying they will have been saying
conditional I would say we would say I would be saying we would be saying I would have said we would have said I would have been saying we would have been saying
you would say you would say you would be saying you would be saying you would have said you would have said you would have been saying you would have been saying
he would say they would say he would be saying they would be saying he would have said they would have said he would have been saying they would have been saying
imperative say
Synonyms[edit]
See also: Thesaurus:utter
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
to say — see tell
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun[edit]

say (plural says)

  1. A chance to speak; the right or power to influence or make a decision.
    • 2004, Richard Rogers, Information politics on the Web:
      Above all, however, we would like to think that there is more to be decided, after the engines and after the humans have had their says.
    • 2019 February 8, Olarn, Kocha; Regan, Helen, “This princess could be the next prime minister of Thailand”, in CNN International Edition‎[2], Cable News Network, retrieved 2019-02-08:
      He has consolidated the military's role in politics through an army-drafted 2017 constitution widely seen as designed to prevent Pheu Thai from returning to power and ensuring a continuing say for the army.
    • 2019 March 22, Tanakasempipat, Patpicha; Thepgumpanat, Panarat, “Junta chief croons, ousted PM says 'we will win' in Thai election battle”, in Reuters‎[3], Reuters, retrieved 2019-03-23:
      Sunday’s general election has been cast as a high-stakes contest between democracy and military rule, but critics say a new army-backed constitution gives junta-appointed officials a large say in the next government.
Translations[edit]

Adverb[edit]

say (not comparable)

  1. For example; let us assume.
    Pick a color you think they'd like, say, peach.
    He was driving pretty fast, say, fifty miles per hour.
Translations[edit]
Translations

Interjection[edit]

say

  1. (colloquial) Used to gain someone's attention before making an inquiry or suggestion
    Say, what did you think about the movie?
Synonyms[edit]
  • (used to gain attention): hey

References[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle French saie, from Latin saga, plural of sagum (“military cloak”).

Noun[edit]

say (countable and uncountable, plural says)

  2. A type of fine cloth similar to serge.

Etymology 3[edit]

Aphetic form of assay.

Verb[edit]

say (third-person singular simple present says, present participle saying, simple past and past participle sayed)

  1. To try; to assay.

Noun[edit]

say (plural says)

  1. Trial by sample; assay; specimen.
  2. Tried quality; temper; proof.
  3. Essay; trial; attempt.
    • 1610 (first performance), Ben[jamin] Jonson, The Alchemist, London: […] Thomas Snodham, for Walter Burre, and are to be sold by Iohn Stepneth, […], published 1612, OCLC 1008120557; reprinted Menston, Yorkshire: The Scolar Press, 1970, OCLC 52009618, (please specify the page), (please specify the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
      This fellow, Captaine, Will come, in time, to be a great distiller, And giue a say […] at the philosophers stone.

Etymology 4[edit]

Noun[edit]

say (plural says)

  1. (Scotland) A strainer for milk.

Anagrams[edit]

Azerbaijani[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Deverbal of saymaq.

Noun[edit]

say (definite accusative sayı, plural saylar)

  1. number, quantity, count
    Synonyms: ədəd, rəqəm
  2. (grammar) numeral
  3. (colloquial) value, importance
  4. issue (of a newspaper or periodical)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Turkic *say.

Noun[edit]

say (definite accusative sayı, plural saylar)

  1. shallow, shoal
    gəmi saya oturdu ― the ship ran aground

Declension[edit]

Declension of say
singular plural
nominative say
 saylar
definite accusative sayı
 sayları
dative saya
 saylara
locative sayda
 saylarda
ablative saydan
 saylardan
definite genitive sayın
 sayların
Possessed forms of say
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sayım saylarım
sənin (“your”) sayın sayların
onun (“his/her/its”) sayı sayları
bizim (“our”) sayımız saylarımız
sizin (“your”) sayınız saylarınız
onların (“their”) sayı or sayları sayları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sayımı saylarımı
sənin (“your”) sayını saylarını
onun (“his/her/its”) sayını saylarını
bizim (“our”) sayımızı saylarımızı
sizin (“your”) sayınızı saylarınızı
onların (“their”) sayını or saylarını saylarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sayıma saylarıma
sənin (“your”) sayına saylarına
onun (“his/her/its”) sayına saylarına
bizim (“our”) sayımıza saylarımıza
sizin (“your”) sayınıza saylarınıza
onların (“their”) sayına or saylarına saylarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sayımda saylarımda
sənin (“your”) sayında saylarında
onun (“his/her/its”) sayında saylarında
bizim (“our”) sayımızda saylarımızda
sizin (“your”) sayınızda saylarınızda
onların (“their”) sayında or saylarında saylarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sayımdan saylarımdan
sənin (“your”) sayından saylarından
onun (“his/her/its”) sayından saylarından
bizim (“our”) sayımızdan saylarımızdan
sizin (“your”) sayınızdan saylarınızdan
onların (“their”) sayından or saylarından saylarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) sayımın saylarımın
sənin (“your”) sayının saylarının
onun (“his/her/its”) sayının saylarının
bizim (“our”) sayımızın saylarımızın
sizin (“your”) sayınızın saylarınızın
onların (“their”) sayının or saylarının saylarının

Crimean Tatar[edit]

Noun[edit]

say

  1. shallow place, island

Declension[edit]

Declension of say
nominative say
genitive saynıñ
dative sayğa
accusative saynı
locative sayda
ablative saydan

References[edit]

  • Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[4], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Middle English[edit]

Noun[edit]

say

  1. Alternative form of assay

Portuguese[edit]

Verb[edit]

say

  1. Obsolete spelling of sai

Tatar[edit]

Noun[edit]

say

  1. area covered with stones

Turkish[edit]

Verb[edit]

say

  1. second-person singular imperative of saymak

Vietnamese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Vietic *p-riː (“drunk”); cognate with Muong khay, Arem pərɪː.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

say • (𫑹)

  1. drunk; inebriated
  2. (by extension) suffering motion sickness
    say tàu ― suffering motion sickness from being on a train
  3. (figuratively) enamoured of; with a deep interest in

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Adverb[edit]

say • (𫑹)

  1. (of sleep) deep ; fast
    ngủ say ― fast asleep
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