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敏

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
敏 U+654F, 敏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-654F
← 敎
[U+654E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 敐 →
[U+6550]

敏 U+FA41, 敏
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA41
← 懲
[U+FA40] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 既 →
[U+FA42]
敏 U+2F8C8, 敏
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8C8
← 㩬
[U+2F8C7] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 敬 →
[U+2F8C9]

Translingual

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Han character

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敏 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7 in Chinese, 攴+6 in Japanese, 11 strokes in Chinese, 10 strokes in Japanese, Cangjie input 人卜人大 (OYOK), four-corner 88540, composition ⿰每攵 or ⿰毎攵)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 471, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13202
  • Dae Jaweon: page 823, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1463, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+654F

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 敏
alternative forms 勄

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 敏
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions
Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
脢 *mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
挴 *mlɯːʔ, *mɯːʔ
海 *hmlɯːʔ
毐 *ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ
呣 *mɯ
拇 *mɯʔ
母 *mɯʔ
胟 *mɯʔ
姆 *mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ
畮 *mɯʔ
踇 *mɯʔ
苺 *mɯs, *mɯːʔ, *mɯːs
莓 *mɯs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
敏 *mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ
鰵 *mrɯŋʔ
慜 *mrɯŋʔ
毋 *ma
梅 *mɯː
酶 *mɯː
鋂 *mɯː
每 *mɯːʔ
毎 *mɯːs
痗 *mɯːs, *hmɯːs
晦 *hmɯːs
誨 *hmɯːs
悔 *hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs
霉 *mrɯl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ): phonetic 每 (OC *mɯːʔ) + semantic 攴 (“hand; action”). The 攴 component was sometimes written as 又 (“hand”) in early writing.

Etymology

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Compare Burmese မြန် (mran, “quick, fast”) (Luce, 1981).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • miang2 - Shantou;
  • miêng2 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 敏
Mandarin Beijing /min²¹⁴/
Harbin /min²¹³/
Tianjin /min¹³/
Jinan /miẽ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /miə̃⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /min⁵³/
Xi'an /miẽ⁵³/
Xining /miə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /miŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /mĩn⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /miŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /min⁴²/
Chengdu /min⁵³/
Guiyang /min⁴²/
Kunming /mĩ⁵³/
Nanjing /min²¹²/
Hefei /min²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /miəŋ⁵³/
Pingyao /miŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /mĩŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /miŋ²³/
Suzhou /min⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /min⁵³/
Wenzhou /meŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /miʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /min³¹/
Xiang Changsha /min⁴¹/
Xiangtan /min⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /min²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /men³¹/
Taoyuan /mien²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /mɐn²³/
Nanning /mɐn²⁴/
Hong Kong /mɐn¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /bin⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /miŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /meiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /miaŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /min²¹³/
Rime
Character 敏
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 眞 (44)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 眉殞切
Baxter minX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mˠiɪnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/mᵚinX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/mienX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/mjinX/
Li
Rong 		/mjĕnX/
Wang
Li 		/mǐĕnX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/mi̯ĕnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		mǐn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		man5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 敏
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		mǐn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ minX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mrə[n]ʔ/ (~ *mrəʔ)
English diligent, active

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 敏 敏
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 9296 9297
Phonetic
component 		母 母
Rime
group 		之 蒸
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		愍 愍
Old
Chinese 		/*mrɯʔ/ /*mrɯŋʔ/

Definitions

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敏

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) quick
    敏捷  ―  mǐnjié  ―  agile
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) clever
    聰敏／聪敏  ―  cōngmǐn  ―  clever
  3. sensitive
    敏感  ―  mǐngǎn  ―  sensitive

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai 敏
Kyūjitai
[1]
敏
&#xFA41;
or
敏+&#xFE00;?
敏󠄀
敏+&#xE0100;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
敏󠄃
敏+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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敏

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 敏)

  1. alert
  2. agile
  3. quick

Readings

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Compounds

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Kanji in this term
敏
びん
Grade: S
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
敏 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 敏 (MC minX).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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敏(びん) • (bin) -na (adnominal 敏(びん)な (bin na), adverbial 敏(びん)に (bin ni))

  1. quick, sharp

Inflection

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Inflection of 敏
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 敏だろ びんだろ bin daro
Continuative (連用形) 敏で びんで bin de
Terminal (終止形) 敏だ びんだ bin da
Attributive (連体形) 敏な びんな bin na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 敏なら びんなら bin nara
Imperative (命令形) 敏であれ びんであれ bin de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 敏ではない
敏じゃない 		びんではない
びんじゃない 		bin de wa nai
bin ja nai
Informal past 敏だった びんだった bin datta
Informal negative past 敏ではなかった
敏じゃなかった 		びんではなかった
びんじゃなかった 		bin de wa nakatta
bin ja nakatta
Formal 敏です びんです bin desu
Formal negative 敏ではありません
敏じゃありません 		びんではありません
びんじゃありません 		bin de wa arimasen
bin ja arimasen
Formal past 敏でした びんでした bin deshita
Formal negative past 敏ではありませんでした
敏じゃありませんでした 		びんではありませんでした
びんじゃありませんでした 		bin de wa arimasen deshita
bin ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 敏で びんで bin de
Conditional 敏なら（ば） びんなら（ば） bin nara (ba)
Provisional 敏だったら びんだったら bin dattara
Volitional 敏だろう びんだろう bin darō
Adverbial 敏に びんに bin ni
Degree 敏さ びんさ binsa

Noun

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敏(びん) • (bin) 

  1. quickness, sharpness

Proper noun

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敏(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

  1. a male given name

References

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  1. ^ “敏”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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敏 (eumhun 민첩할 민 (mincheophal min))

  1. hanja form? of 민 (“nimble, agile”)
  2. hanja form? of 민 (“quick-witted”)
  3. hanja form? of 민 (“humble, well-mannered”)
  4. hanja form? of 민 (“thorough”)
  5. hanja form? of 민 (“hardworking”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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敏: Hán Nôm readings: mẫn, mắn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

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