姆

姆 U+59C6, 姆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59C6 ← 姅 [U+59C5] CJK Unified Ideographs 姇 → [U+59C7]

Translingual

Han character

姆 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女田卜戈 (VWYI), four-corner 4745₀, composition ⿰女母)

References

• KangXi: page 258, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6159
• Dae Jaweon: page 523, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1041, character 13
• Unihan data for U+59C6

Chinese

trad.		姆
simp. #		姆

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (母) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
脢	*mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
挴	*mlɯːʔ, *mɯːʔ
海	*hmlɯːʔ
毐	*ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ
呣	*mɯ
拇	*mɯʔ
母	*mɯʔ
胟	*mɯʔ
姆	*mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ
畮	*mɯʔ
踇	*mɯʔ
苺	*mɯs, *mɯːʔ, *mɯːs
莓	*mɯs, *mɯː, *mɯːs
敏	*mrɯʔ, *mrɯŋʔ
鰵	*mrɯŋʔ
慜	*mrɯŋʔ
毋	*ma
梅	*mɯː
酶	*mɯː
鋂	*mɯː
每	*mɯːʔ
毎	*mɯːs
痗	*mɯːs, *hmɯːs
晦	*hmɯːs
誨	*hmɯːs
悔	*hmɯːʔ, *hmɯːs
霉	*mrɯl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mɯʔ, *mɯs, *maːʔ): semantic 女 (“female”) + phonetic 母 (OC *mɯʔ).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mǔ (mu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mê
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): bió / bó͘ / bú / bó / ḿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): m²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Shanghainese): ⁵mu; ⁶mu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mǔ
    • Wade–Giles: mu³
    • Yale: mǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muu
    • Palladius: му (mu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: mou⁵
    • Yale: móuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: mou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mou̯¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mê
    • Hakka Romanization System: me´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: me¹
    • Sinological IPA: /me²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bió
    • Tâi-lô: bió
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bioir
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bio⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó͘
    • Tâi-lô: bóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bor
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /bɔ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bú
    • Tâi-lô: bú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: buo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bu⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó
    • Tâi-lô: bó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: boir
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɤ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bo⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ḿ
    • Tâi-lô: ḿ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: mr
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /m̩⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /m̩⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /m̩⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• bió/bó͘ - literary;
• bú/bó - vernacular;
• ḿ - vernacular (俗).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: m²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ḿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m⁵²/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wugniu: ⁵mu; ⁶mu
  • Wiktionary Romanisation: ²mu; ³mu
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu³⁴/, /mu²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: muwH

Rime
Character	姆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫候切
Baxter	muwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/məuH/
Pan Wuyun	/məuH/
Shao Rongfen	/məuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/məwH/
Li Rong	/muH/
Wang Li	/məuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/mə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mòu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mau6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*məʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mɯʔ/, /*mɯs/, /*maːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	姆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ muwX ›
Old Chinese	/*məʔ/
English	female teacher in harem
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姆	姆	姆
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	9290	9293	9300
Phonetic component	母	母	母
Rime group	之	之	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	母	茂
Old Chinese	/*mɯʔ/	/*mɯs/	/*maːʔ/

Definitions

姆

1. ^† female tutor who teaches women "female virtues" (in feudal China)
2. woman who looks after small children

Compounds

• 保姆 (bǎomǔ)
• 克里姆林宮／克里姆林宫 (Kèlǐmǔlín gōng)
• 古姆 (Gǔmǔ)
• 史萊姆／史莱姆 (shǐláimǔ)
• 哈姆雷特
• 大姆
• 大姆子
• 姆姆 (mǔmǔ)
• 姆嬸／姆婶
• 媬姆
• 山姆叔叔 (Shānmǔ shūshu)
• 歐姆／欧姆 (ōumǔ)
• 歐姆定律／欧姆定律 (Ōumǔ dìnglǜ)
• 萊姆果／莱姆果
• 萊姆酒／莱姆酒 (láimǔjiǔ)
• 蘭姆酒／兰姆酒 (lánmǔjiǔ)
• 褓姆 (bǎomǔ)
• 西姆孫線／西姆孙线
• 阿姆 (āmǔ)
• 阿姆河 (Āmǔhé)
• 阿薩姆／阿萨姆 (Āsàmǔ)

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): m̄, mū (m¹, mu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇ, ㄇㄨ

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Shanghainese): ¹m

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: m̄
    • Zhuyin: ㄇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: m
    • Wade–Giles: m¹
    • Yale: m̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: m1
    • Palladius: м (m)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mū
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mu
    • Wade–Giles: mu¹
    • Yale: mū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mhu
    • Palladius: му (mu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wugniu: ¹m
    • Wiktionary Romanisation: ¹mm
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩⁵³/

Definitions

姆

1. Only used in 姆媽／姆妈 (m̄mā).

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): m̌ (m³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇˇ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: m̌
    • Zhuyin: ㄇˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: m̌
    • Wade–Giles: m³
    • Yale: m̌
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: m3
    • Palladius: м (m)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩²¹⁴/

Definitions

姆

1. Only used in 姆們／姆们 (m̌men).

Japanese

Kanji

姆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. wet nurse

Readings

• Go-on: も (mo)
• Kan-on: ぼ (bo)
• Kun: うば (uba, 姆); かしずき (kashizuki)

Korean

Hanja

姆 • (mo) (hangeul 모, revised mo, McCune–Reischauer mo)

1. child's governess
2. matron

Vietnamese

Han character

姆: Hán Nôm readings: mỗ, mẫu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.