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かな

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: がな

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Combination of か (ka, interrogative particle) +‎ な (na, mild exclamatory particle).[1]

First attested in the late-Edo period as an apparent shift in sense from the Old Japanese and classical usage, wherein the な (na) came to express more a sense of mild doubt rather than admiration[1] (see that section for more).

Particle

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かな • (ka na) 

  1. [from early 1800s] expresses a question with a feeling of worry
    彼(かれ)は怪(あや)しい人(ひと)かな。 ― Kare wa ayashii hito ka na. ― I wonder if he's a suspicious person.
    まあ、そうかな。 ― Mā, sō ka na. ― Well, maybe so.
  2. expresses skepticism: really?, is it?
  3. (in the form 〜ないかな (...nai ka na)) expresses affirmation: I hope, I wish
  4. expresses confusion

Etymology 2

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    Alternative spelling
    哉

    From Old Japanese. First attested in the early 700s.[1]

    From か (ka, particle indicating doubt or uncertainty) +‎ な (na, mild exclamatory particle).

    Displaced particle かも (ka mo) around the early-Middle Japanese stage.[1][2]

    Particle

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    かな • (ka na) 

    1. [from early 700s] (Classical Japanese or literary) expresses wonder or postulation on the part of the speaker
      善(よ)き哉(かな)!
      Yoki ka na!
      Wonderful!
    Usage notes
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    Still used in contexts that deliberately evoke a classical or literary sense, such as poetry.[2]

    Derived terms
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    Etymology 3

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    For pronunciation and definitions of かな – see the following entries.
    【仮名】
    [noun] a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana
    [noun] a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana
    Alternative spelling
    仮字
    【縢】H
    [noun] (historical, sewing) thread
    【鉋】H
    [noun] (possibly dialect) a carpentry plane
    (This term, かな (kana), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
    For a list of all kanji read as かな, see Category:Japanese kanji read as かな.

    Etymology 4

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    For pronunciation and definitions of かな – see the following entries.
    【香奈】
    [proper noun] a female given name
    【佳奈】
    [proper noun] a female given name
    【加奈】
    [proper noun] a female given name
    【愛あづみ】4
    [proper noun] a female given name
    (This term, かな (kana), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)
    For a list of all kanji read as かな, see Category:Japanese kanji read as かな.

    References

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    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 “かな”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 “哉”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months