銀
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]銀 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 金日女 (CAV), four-corner 87132, composition ⿰釒艮)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1303, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40355
- Dae Jaweon: page 1805, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4202, character 18
- Unihan data for U+9280
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 銀 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 银 |
Chemical element | |
---|---|
Ag | |
Previous: 鈀/钯 (bā) (Pd) | |
Next: 鎘/镉 (gé) (Cd) |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 銀 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
---|---|
艱 | *krɯːn |
齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
根 | *kɯːn |
跟 | *kɯːn |
珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
艮 | *kɯːns |
茛 | *kɯːns |
墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
痕 | *ɡɯːn |
拫 | *ɡɯːn |
鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
恨 | *ɡɯːns |
銀 | *ŋrɯn |
檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ŋrɯn) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋul ~ (d-)ŋur. Cognate with Tibetan དངུལ (dngul), Burmese ငွေ (ngwe).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yin2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): йин (yin, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngan4 / ngan4-2
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngan3 / ngan3*
- (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): ngan4
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyin4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ing1
- Northern Min (KCR): ngê̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngṳ̀ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gnin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): in2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄣˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yín
- Wade–Giles: yin2
- Yale: yín
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yn
- Palladius: инь (inʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /in³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yin2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: in
- Sinological IPA (key): /in²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йин (yin, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngan4 / ngan4-2
- Yale: ngàhn / ngán
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngan4 / ngan4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: ngen4 / ngen4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐn²¹/, /ŋɐn²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngan3 / ngan3*
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡan²²/, /ᵑɡan²²⁻²²⁵/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: ngan4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɐn⁴²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nyin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲin³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiùn
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiunˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiun2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯un¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ing1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ĩŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngê̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋœyŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngṳ̀ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋyŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Taichung, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gûn
- Tâi-lô: gûn
- Phofsit Daibuun: guun
- IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Taipei, Kinmen, Philippines): /ɡun²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Nan'an)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gîrn
- Tâi-lô: gîrn
- IPA (Nan'an): /ɡən²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngeng5 / ngêng5 / nging5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngṳ̂ng / ngêng / ngîng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɯŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋeŋ⁵⁵/, /ŋiŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
- ngeng5 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
- ngêng5 - Jieyang;
- nging5 - Chaoyang.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 銀 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /in³⁵/ |
Harbin | /in²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /in⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /iẽ⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /iə̃⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /in⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /iẽ²⁴/ | |
Xining | /iə̃²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /iŋ⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ĩn⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /iŋ⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /in²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /in³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /in²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ĩ¹/ | |
Nanjing | /in²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /in⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /iəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ȵiŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ĩŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ȵiŋ²³/ |
Suzhou | /ȵin¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ȵin²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ȵaŋ³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /niʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /ȵin⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /in¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ȵin¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ȵin⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /ŋiun¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | ||
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋɐn²¹/ |
Nanning | /ŋɐn²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /ŋɐn²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /gun³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ŋyŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋœyŋ³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋɯŋ⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ŋin³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: ngin
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋrə[n]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋrɯn/
Definitions
[edit]銀
- silver
- silvern; made of silver
- silvery; silver-colored; lustrous; white; shiny
- cash; money; currency
- (Cantonese) coin
- (Cantonese, Teochew, Hainanese, Zhao'an Hakka) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
- 1969, 潘藩, directed by 陸邦, 相思甜如蜜 [My Sweetheart][1], spoken by 陳維才 (高魯泉 [Ko Lo Chuen]):
- 蔡俊明 [Cai Junming], editor (1991), “銀/银 (yín) ngeng˥”, in 潮州方言詞滙/潮州方言词滙 (Cháozhōu fāngyán cíhuì), 香港 [Hong Kong]: 香港中文大學/香港中文大学 [The Chinese University of Hong Kong]
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 丁銀/丁银
- 中銀/中银
- 俸銀/俸银
- 傾銀罐/倾银罐
- 冒支銀/冒支银
- 包銀/包银 (bāoyín)
- 匯銀/汇银
- 大銀幕/大银幕 (dàyínmù)
- 定銀/定银 (dìngyín)
- 帶徵銀/带征银
- 庫銀/库银
- 戥銀/戥银
- 打祭銀/打祭银
- 插金帶銀/插金带银
- 撥協銀/拨协银
- 收銀機/收银机 (shōuyínjī)
- 本色銀/本色银
- 樣銀/样银
- 氧化銀/氧化银 (yǎnghuàyín)
- 氯化銀/氯化银 (lǜhuàyín)
- 水罐銀盆/水罐银盆
- 水銀/水银 (shuǐyín)
- 水銀柱/水银柱 (shuǐyínzhù)
- 水銀燈/水银灯
- 洋銀/洋银
- 溴化銀/溴化银 (xiùhuàyín)
- 潮銀/潮银
- 火樹銀花/火树银花 (huǒshùyínhuā)
- 爛銀盤/烂银盘 (lànyínpán)
- 瑤臺銀闕/瑶台银阙
- 白銀/白银 (báiyín)
- 白髮銀鬚/白发银须
- 硫化銀/硫化银 (liúhuàyín)
- 硝酸銀/硝酸银 (xiāosuānyín)
- 硫酸銀/硫酸银 (liúsuānyín)
- 碘化銀/碘化银 (diǎnhuàyín)
- 穿金戴銀/穿金戴银
- 窩脫銀/窝脱银
- 精銀響鈔/精银响钞
- 紋銀/纹银
- 純銀/纯银 (chúnyín)
- 自然銀/自然银
- 花銀/花银
- 荒銀/荒银
- 衣紫腰銀/衣紫腰银
- 課銀/课银
- 贓銀/赃银
- 足銀/足银
- 輝銀礦/辉银矿
- 金奴銀婢/金奴银婢
- 金銀/金银 (jīnyín)
- 金銀島/金银岛
- 金銀箔/金银箔
- 金銀紙/金银纸 (jīnyínzhǐ)
- 金銀花/金银花 (jīnyínhuā)
- 金頭銀面/金头银面
- 銀價/银价
- 銀元/银元 (yínyuán)
- 銀兩/银两 (yínliǎng)
- 銀刀/银刀
- 銀匠/银匠 (yínjiàng)
- 銀器/银器 (yínqì)
- 銀婚/银婚 (yínhūn)
- 銀子/银子 (yínzi)
- 銀字/银字
- 銀字兒/银字儿
- 銀安殿/银安殿
- 銀山/银山 (yínshān)
- 銀川/银川 (Yínchuān)
- 銀市/银市
- 銀幕/银幕 (yínmù)
- 銀幣/银币 (yínbì)
- 銀座/银座 (Yínzuò)
- 銀庫/银库 (yínkù)
- 銀彈/银弹 (yíndàn)
- 銀揲子/银揲子
- 銀朱/银朱
- 銀杏/银杏 (yínxìng)
- 銀杯/银杯
- 銀杯羽化/银杯羽化
- 銀柳/银柳 (yínliǔ)
- 銀桂/银桂
- 銀根/银根 (yíngēn)
- 銀條菜/银条菜
- 銀樓/银楼 (yínlóu)
- 銀櫃/银柜
- 銀水/银水
- 銀河/银河 (yínhé)
- 銀河倒瀉/银河倒泻
- 銀河座標/银河座标
- 銀河清淺/银河清浅
- 銀河系/银河系 (Yínhéxì)
- 銀洋/银洋 (yínyáng)
- 銀海/银海
- 銀漢/银汉 (yínhàn)
- 銀潢/银潢 (yínhuáng)
- 銀灰/银灰
- 銀灰色/银灰色
- 銀燭/银烛
- 銀爐/银炉
- 銀牌/银牌 (yínpái)
- 銀牌兒/银牌儿
- 銀狐/银狐
- 銀環蛇/银环蛇 (yínhuánshé)
- 銀瓶/银瓶
- 銀甲/银甲
- 銀白/银白 (yínbái)
- 銀白楊/银白杨
- 銀白色/银白色
- 銀盾/银盾
- 銀硃/银朱
- 銀礦/银矿 (yínkuàng)
- 銀票/银票 (yínpiào)
- 銀空山/银空山
- 銀竹/银竹
- 銀管/银管
- 銀箋/银笺
- 銀箭/银箭
- 銀粉/银粉
- 銀紅/银红
- 銀紙/银纸 (yínzhǐ)
- 銀絲/银丝
- 銀絲卷/银丝卷 (yínsījuǎn)
- 銀絲捲/银丝卷 (yínsījuǎn)
- 銀線草/银线草
- 銀耳/银耳 (yín'ěr)
- 銀臺/银台
- 銀色/银色 (yínsè)
- 銀色世界/银色世界
- 銀艾/银艾
- 銀花/银花
- 銀苗/银苗
- 銀號/银号 (yínhào)
- 銀蟾/银蟾
- 銀行/银行 (yínháng)
- 銀角/银角 (yínjiǎo)
- 銀貨兩訖/银货两讫
- 銀質沉著/银质沉著
- 銀輝/银辉
- 銀釭/银𮣲
- 銀鉤/银钩
- 銀鈴般/银铃般
- 銀錠/银锭 (yíndìng)
- 銀錢/银钱 (yínqián)
- 銀闕/银阙
- 銀青/银青
- 銀鞘/银鞘
- 銀髮/银发 (yínfà)
- 銀髮族/银发族
- 銀髮產業/银发产业
- 銀魚/银鱼
- 銀鮫/银鲛 (yínjiāo)
- 銀鴨/银鸭
- 銀黃/银黄
- 銀鼠/银鼠
- 鑲金包銀/镶金包银
- 門攤銀/门摊银
- 阿金溺銀/阿金溺银
- 雪花銀/雪花银
- 響鈔精銀/响钞精银
- 餅銀/饼银
- 餉銀/饷银
- 馬蹄銀/马蹄银
- 鬢如銀絲/鬓如银丝
- 鬢髮如銀/鬓发如银
- 鹵化銀/卤化银 (lǔhuàyín)
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Proto-Hmong-Mien: *ɲʷi̯ən (“silver”)
- → Lao: ເງິນ (ngœn, “silver, money”)
- → Thai: เงิน (ngən, “silver, money”)
- → Vietnamese: ngần (“silvery white; very white”)
- → Zhuang: ngaenz (“silver, money”)
References
[edit]- “銀”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]銀
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: ごん (gon)
- Kan-on: ぎん (gin, Jōyō)
- Tō-on: いん (in)
- Kun: しろがね (shirogane, 銀)
- Nanori: うん (un); かな (kana); かね (kane)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
銀 |
ぎん Grade: 3 |
kan'on |
Chemical element | |
---|---|
Ag | |
Previous: パラジウム (parajiumu) (Pd) | |
Next: カドミウム (kadomiumu) (Cd) |
From Middle Chinese 銀 (MC ngin). Compare modern Hokkien reading gîn.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Noun
[edit]- silver (lustrous, white, metallic element; symbol Ag)
- Short for 銀貨 (ginka): a silver coin
- Short for 銀色 (gin'iro): silvery, silver-colored
- (shogi) Short for 銀将 (ginshō): a silver general
- (sports, etc.) Short for 銀メダル (gin medaru): a silver medal
- (historical) Short for 丁銀 (chōgin): an Edo-period silver coin in the shape of a sea cucumber
- Short for 銀煙管 (gin kiseru): a silver 煙管 (kiseru, “tobacco pipe”)
- Short for 銀葉 (gin'yō): a censer
- Short for 銀蜻蜓 (gin'yanma): the lesser emperor, Anax parthenope
- any other object made of silver
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
Affix
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- 銀河 (ginka)
- 銀花 (ginka), 銀華 (ginka)
- 銀貨 (ginka)
- 銀環 (ginkan)
- 銀器 (ginki)
- 銀行 (ginkō)
- 銀座 (Ginza)
- 銀山 (ginzan)
- 銀糸 (ginshi)
- 銀砂 (ginsha)
- 銀色 (ginshoku)
- 銀子 (ginsu)
- 銀製 (ginsei)
- 銀泥 (gindei)
- 銀箔 (ginpaku)
- 銀髪 (ginpatsu)
- 銀盤 (ginban)
- 銀幕 (ginmaku)
- 銀葉 (gin'yō)
- 銀輪 (ginrin)
- 金銀 (kingin)
- 市銀 (shigin)
- 純銀 (jungin)
- 上銀 (jōgin)
- 水銀 (suigin)
- 賃銀 (chingin)
- 都銀 (togin)
- 日銀 (Nichigin)
- 白銀 (hakugin)
- 墨銀 (bokugin)
- 路銀 (rogin)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
銀 |
しろがね Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Compound of 白 (shiro, “white”) + 金 (kane, “metal”).
Starting from the Muromachi period, the kane changes to gane due to rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- silver (lustrous, white, metallic element)
- silvery, silver-colored
- Synonym: 銀色 (gin'iro)
- a silver thread
- Synonym: 銀糸 (ginshi)
- silver paint or lacquer
- Synonym: 銀泥 (gindei)
- a silver coin
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
See also
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
銀 |
かね Grade: 3 |
nanori |
Alternative spellings |
---|
金 鉄 銅 |
From Old Japanese.
See 金 (kane).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]- In former times, silver was the basis for the Japanese economy.
- In modern Japanese, kane is more commonly spelled using the character for gold: 金.
- The money sense is more commonly prefixed with お (o-), as in お金 (o-kane).
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 銀 (MC ngin).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅌᅳᆫ (Yale: ngùn) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] | 은 (Yale: ùn) | 은 (Yale: ùn) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɯn]
- Phonetic hangul: [은]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]
Okinawan
[edit]Kanji
[edit]銀
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Compound of 白 (siro1, “white”) + 金 (kane, “metal”).
Noun
[edit]銀 (siro1kane) (kana しろかね)
- silver (lustrous, white, metallic element)
- 711–712, Kojiki, middle volume (Emperor Chūai):
- 於是大后歸レ神、言教覺詔者:「西方有レ國、金銀爲レ本、目之炎耀種種珍寶多在レ其-國。吾今歸二賜レ其-國一。」
- At this the Queen Consort was possessed by the gods who revealed to them the following command: “In the west there is a land of many rare and dazzling treasures beginning with gold and silver. I will now bestow it upon you.”[1]
-
- 銀母金母玉母奈爾世武爾麻佐禮留多可良古爾斯迦米夜母
- siro1kane mo kugane mo tama mo nani semu ni masareru takara ko1 ni shikame2 ya mo
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Descendants
[edit]- Japanese: 銀 (shirokane → shirogane)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]Tày
[edit]Han character
[edit]銀 (transliteration needed)
References
[edit]- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][5] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
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