鈔

See also: 钞

鈔 U+9214, 鈔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9214 ← 鈓 [U+9213] CJK Unified Ideographs 鈕 → [U+9215]

Translingual

Han character

鈔 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 金火竹 (CFH), four-corner 8912₀, composition ⿰釒少)

Derived characters

• 𮑍

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1298, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40227
• Dae Jaweon: page 1801, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4176, character 3
• Unihan data for U+9214

Chinese

trad.		鈔
simp.		钞

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (小) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
觘	*sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws
抄	*sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws
鈔	*sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws
訬	*sm̥ʰreːw, *mewʔ
炒	*sʰroːʔ
吵	*sm̥ʰreːwʔ, *mewʔ
耖	*sm̥ʰreːws
仯	*sm̥ʰreːws
眇	*mewʔ
渺	*mewʔ
杪	*mewʔ
秒	*mewʔ
篎	*mewʔ, *mews
妙	*mews
玅	*mews
釥	*sm̥ʰewʔ
小	*smewʔ
少	*hmjewʔ, *hmjews
麨	*m̥ʰjewʔ
尠	*senʔ, *smos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws) : semantic 金 + phonetic 少 (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): chāo (chao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄠ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cao¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): caau¹, caau³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): cau¹

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhêu
• Eastern Min (BUC): chá / chău
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhau / chhà

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cao¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵tshau

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chao
    • Wade–Giles: chʻao¹
    • Yale: chāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chau
    • Palladius: чао (čao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cao¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cao
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: caau¹, caau³
    • Yale: chāau, chaau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaau¹, tsaau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: cao¹, cao³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːu̯⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰaːu̯³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: cau¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhêu
    • Hakka Romanization System: ceu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ceu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰeu̯²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chá / chău
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑ²¹³/, /t͡sʰau⁵⁵/

Note:

• chá - “banknotes”;
• chău - alternative form of 抄.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhau / chhà
    • Tâi-lô: tshau / tshà
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaw, zhax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰau⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰa²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰau³³/, /t͡sʰa⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰau⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰa²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰau⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰa¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰau⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰa²¹/

Note:

• chhau - literary;
• chhà - vernacular (俗).

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cao¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshau
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰau³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵tshau
    • MiniDict: tshau^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tshau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰɔ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsrhaew, tsrhaewH

Rime
Character	鈔	鈔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	初 (19)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	楚交切	初敎切
Baxter	tsrhaew	tsrhaewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠau/	/t͡ʃʰˠauH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚau/	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚauH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰau/	/t͡ʃʰauH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨw/	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨwH/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰau/	/t͡ʃʰauH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰau/	/t͡ʃʰauH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰau/	/ʈ͡ʂʰauH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chāo	chào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caau1	caau3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sm̥ʰreːw/, /*sm̥ʰreːws/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鈔	鈔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	13685	13691
Phonetic component	小	小
Rime group	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	䜈	抄
Old Chinese	/*sm̥ʰreːw/	/*sm̥ʰreːws/
Notes	同抄	同抄

Definitions

鈔

1. paper money; banknotes
2. ^† Alternative form of 抄

Compounds

• 假鈔／假钞 (jiǎchāo)
• 偽鈔／伪钞 (wěichāo)
• 傳鈔／传钞
• 冥鈔／冥钞 (míngchāo)
• 北堂書鈔／北堂书钞
• 史鈔／史钞
• 壞鈔／坏钞
• 外鈔／外钞
• 大鈔／大钞
• 宋詩鈔／宋诗钞
• 宮門鈔／宫门钞
• 寇鈔／寇钞
• 寶鈔／宝钞 (bǎochāo)
• 小鈔／小钞
• 影鈔本／影钞本
• 惠鈔／惠钞
• 掐尖落鈔／掐尖落钞
• 整鈔／整钞
• 料鈔／料钞
• 昏鈔／昏钞
• 會鈔／会钞
• 現鈔／现钞 (xiànchāo)
• 生鈔／生钞
• 破鈔／破钞
• 精銀響鈔／精银响钞
• 紙鈔／纸钞 (zhǐchāo)
• 美鈔／美钞 (měichāo)
• 花錢粉鈔／花钱粉钞
• 落鈔／落钞
• 鈔引／钞引
• 鈔掠／钞掠
• 鈔暴／钞暴
• 鈔本／钞本
• 鈔票／钞票 (chāopiào)
• 鈔袋／钞袋
• 鈔邏／钞逻
• 鈔關／钞关
• 錢鈔／钱钞 (qiánchāo)
• 閣鈔／阁钞
• 陸鈔／陆钞
• 響鈔精銀／响钞精银
• 驗鈔機／验钞机 (yànchāojī)
• 鴉青鈔／鸦青钞
• 鹽鈔／盐钞

 

Descendants

• Persian: چاو (paper money) (Ilkhanate)
  • Persian: چاوخانه (place where paper money was made) (Ilkhanate)

References

• “鈔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

鈔

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鈔
しょう Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
抄

From Middle Chinese 鈔 (MC tsrhaew|tsrhaewH).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しょ​ー [shóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ː]

Noun

鈔(しょう) • (shō) ^{←せう (seu)?}

1. an excerpt, an extract (writing)
2. an annotation
3. a unit of volume, equal to one tenth of a 勺 (shaku) and one hundredth of a 合 (gō), or approximately 1.8 millilitres

Korean

Hanja

鈔 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.