阡

阡 U+9621, 阡 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9621 ← 阠 [U+9620] CJK Unified Ideographs 阢 → [U+9622]

Translingual

Han character

阡 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+3, 6 strokes, Cangjie input 弓中竹十 (NLHJ), four-corner 7224₀, composition ⿰阝千)

1. footpaths between fields
2. paths

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1345, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41548
• Dae Jaweon: page 1847, character 33
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4115, character 9
• Unihan data for U+9621

Chinese

simp. and trad.		阡

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 阡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (人) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
千	*sn̥ʰiːn
仟	*sn̥ʰiːn
芊	*sn̥ʰiːn, *sn̥ʰiːns
阡	*sn̥ʰiːn
汘	*sn̥ʰiːn
迁	*sn̥ʰiːn
杄	*sn̥ʰiːn
人	*njin
仁	*njin
朲	*njin
佞	*neːŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sn̥ʰiːn): semantic 阜 (“soil mountain”) + phonetic 千 (OC *sn̥ʰiːn).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiān (qian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cin¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cian
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹
    • Yale: chyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
    • Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cin¹
    • Yale: chīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshen

Rime
Character	阡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	蒼先切
Baxter	tshen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰen/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰen/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛn/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰen/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰien/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cin1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤi[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	阡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qiān
Middle Chinese	‹ tshen ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁi[n]/
English	N-S path between fields
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阡
Reading #	1/1
No.	10795
Phonetic component	人
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	千
Old Chinese	/*sn̥ʰiːn/

Definitions

阡

1. (literary) footpath between fields going north to south

   Antonym: 陌 (mò)

Compounds

• 荖阡
• 阡陌 (qiānmò)

Japanese

Kanji

阡

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. (financial, archaic) thousand

Readings

• Go-on: せん (sen)
• Kan-on: せん (sen)
• Kun: あぜ (aze, 阡)、はかみち (hakamichi, 阡)、みち (michi, 阡)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
阡
せん Hyōgai
goon

Alternative spelling
阡 (non-legal)

Substitute spelling for 千 (sen, “one thousand”), likely borrowed from similar usage of written Chinese 阡 (“one thousand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sẽ̞ɴ]
• (Tokyo) せん [séꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])

Noun

阡(せん) • (sen) 

1. (financial, archaic) the number one thousand, 1,000 (used only in legal documents, otherwise 千)

Usage notes

Legal uses arose due to the relative ease with which certain number kanji can be fraudulently altered to look like other number kanji.

See also

• 大字 (daiji, “big character”, more-complicated kanji used as phonetic replacements for simpler numeric kanji, in order to prevent fraudulent modification)

Japanese financial numbers/大字 (だいじ, ​daiji)
Number	Kanji	Kana	Romaji
0	零	れい, ゼロ	rei, zero
1	壱	いち	ichi
2	弐	に	ni
3	参	さん	san
4	肆	し, よん	shi, yon
5	伍	ご	go
6	陸	ろく	roku
7	漆	しち, なな	shichi, nana
8	捌	はち	hachi
9	玖	きゅう, く	kyū, ku
10	拾	じゅう	jū
100	佰	ひゃく	hyaku
1,000	阡	せん	sen
10,000	萬	まん	man

Korean

Hanja

阡 • (cheon) (hangeul 천, revised cheon, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏn, Yale chen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

阡: Hán Việt readings: thiên
阡: Nôm readings: thiên

1. chữ Hán form of thiên (“bank of a rice paddy”)