人形

Chinese

		man; person; people	to appear; to look; form to appear; to look; form; shape
simp. and trad. (人形)		人	形

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rénxíng

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jan⁴ jing⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngìn-hìn
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lâng-hêng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rénxíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rénsíng
    • Wade–Giles: jên²-hsing²
    • Yale: rén-syíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renshyng
    • Palladius: жэньсин (žɛnʹsin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 人形 人行

      
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: rénxíngr
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: rénsíngr
    • Wade–Giles: jên²-hsing²-ʼrh
    • Yale: rén-syíngr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renshyengl
    • Palladius: жэньсинр (žɛnʹsinr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐən³⁵ ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jan⁴ jing⁴
    • Yale: yàhn yìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jan⁴ jing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yen⁴ ying⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn²¹ jɪŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngìn-hìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngin^ˇ hin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngin² hin²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋin¹¹ hin¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâng-hêng
    • Tâi-lô: lâng-hîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: langheeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /laŋ²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /laŋ²⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /laŋ¹³⁻²² hiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /laŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /laŋ²³⁻³³ hiɪŋ²³/

Noun

人形

1. human shape or appearance
2. doll; puppet

Derived terms

• 人形家
• 沒人形／没人形

 

Japanese

人形 (ningyō, hitogata): a doll for Hina matsuri.

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
人	形
にん Grade: 1	ぎょう Grade: 2
goon

From Middle Chinese compound 人形 (nyin heng, literally “person shape”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) にんぎょー [nìńgyóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɲ̟ĩŋʲɡʲo̞ː]

Noun

人(にん)形(ぎょう) • (ningyō) ^{←にんぎやう (ningyau)?}

1. doll; puppet
   • 2015 August 16, mothy (lyrics and music), “バリーゾールの子供は一人っ子”:

     室(しつ)内(ない)に転(ころ)がった人(にん)形(ぎょう)   手(て)足(あし)はバラバラで温(あたた)かい

     Shitsunai ni korogatta ningyō   teashi wa barabara de atatakai

     The dolls scattered inside the room, their limbs were warm and in pieces

2. a picture of someone's appearance
3. (figurative) a puppet, one who carries out actions for someone else
4. (less common) a tailor's dummy, a mannequin

Usage notes

For the general sense of doll, the ningyō reading appears to be more common.

Coordinate terms

• 形代(かたしろ) (katashiro): a paper doll

Derived terms

• 人(にん)形(ぎょう)家(か) (ningyōka): a dollmaker
• 雛(ひな)人(にん)形(ぎょう) (hinaningyō): a doll displayed at Hinamatsuri
• 五(ご)月(がつ)人(にん)形(ぎょう) (gogatsuningyō): a doll displayed at the Japanese Children's Day
• 日(に)本(ほん)人(にん)形(ぎょう) (nihonningyō): a traditional Japanese doll
• からくり人(にん)形(ぎょう) (karakuriningyō): a traditional Japanese mechanized puppet
• 藁(わら)人(にん)形(ぎょう) (waraningyō): a straw doll
• 操(あやつ)り人(にん)形(ぎょう) (ayatsuriningyō): a marionette
• くるみ割(わ)り人(にん)形(ぎょう) (kurumiwariningyō): a nutcracker doll

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
人	形
ひと Grade: 1	かた > がた Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Compound of 人 (hito, “person”) +‎ 形 (kata, “shape, form”). The kata changes to gata as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms

• 人像 (less common)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひとがた [hìtógátá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [çito̞ɡa̠ta̠]

Noun

人(ひと)形(がた) • (hitogata) 

1. a human shape
2. a doll
3. a tailor's dummy, a mannequin
4. a proxy, a representative
5. a person's appearance
6. a description or sketch of a person, as in a wanted poster created by the police

References

• Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
人	形

Noun

人形 • (inhyeong) (hangeul 인형)

1. hanja form^? of 인형 (“doll, puppet”)