眷顧

Chinese

		concern; wife and children	look after; take into consideration; to attend to
trad. (眷顧)		眷	顧
simp. (眷顾)		眷	顾
alternative forms		睠顧／睠顾

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): juàngù

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄢˋ ㄍㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun³ gu³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koàn-kò͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: juàngù
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢˋ ㄍㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyuàngù
    • Wade–Giles: chüan⁴-ku⁴
    • Yale: jywàn-gù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuannguh
    • Palladius: цзюаньгу (czjuanʹgu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ku⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gyun³ gu³
    • Yale: gyun gu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gyn³ gu³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gün³ gu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyːn³³ kuː³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn-kò͘
    • Tâi-lô: kuàn-kòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koarnkox
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²¹⁻⁵³ kɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹⁻⁵³ kɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuan¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjwenH kuH

Rime
Character	眷	顧
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	仙 (80)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	居倦切	古暮切
Baxter	kjwenH	kuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiuᴇnH/	/kuoH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚiɛnH/	/kuoH/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuænH/	/koH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwianH/	/kɔH/
Li Rong	/kjuɛnH/	/koH/
Wang Li	/kĭwɛnH/	/kuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯wɛnH/	/kuoH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	juàn	gù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gyun3	gu3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ro[n]-s  [k]ʷˤaʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*krons  kʷaːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	眷	顧
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	juàn	gù
Middle Chinese	‹ kjwenH ›	‹ kuH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ro[n]-s/	/*[k]ʷˁaʔ-s/ (~ *[k]ʷˁaʔ)
English	look on with affection	look around
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眷	顧
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	7158	5293
Phonetic component		戸
Rime group	元	魚
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	眷	顧
Old Chinese	/*krons/	/*kʷaːs/

Verb

眷顧

1. (formal) to regard with tenderness; to be concerned about

Synonyms

edit

• 心念 (Hokkien)
• 念 (niàn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 惦念 (diànniàn)
• 惦記／惦记 (diànjì)
• 懸／悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
• 懸念／悬念 (xuánniàn) (formal)
• 懸想／悬想 (xuánxiǎng)
• 掛念／挂念 (guàniàn)
• 掛意／挂意 (guàyì)
• 掛記／挂记 (Nanchang Gan, Yudu Hakka)
• 數念／数念 (siàu-liām) (Hokkien)
• 牽掛／牵挂 (qiānguà)
• 眷懷／眷怀 (juànhuái) (literary)
• 眷注 (juànzhù) (literary)
• 記掛／记挂 (jìguà) (dialectal)
• 顧念／顾念 (gùniàn)

 

Noun

眷顧

1. (Christianity) providence (of God)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
眷	顧
けん Hyōgai	こ Grade: S
kan'on

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) けんこ [kéꜜǹkò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ŋko̞]

Noun

眷(けん)顧(こ) • (kenko) ^{←けんこ (kenko)?}

1. favourable regard

   Synonym: 愛顧 (aiko)

Verb

眷(けん)顧(こ)する • (kenko suru) ^{←けんこ (kenko)?}transitive suru (stem 眷(けん)顧(こ)し (kenko shi), past 眷(けん)顧(こ)した (kenko shita))

1. to show favourable regard

   Synonym: 愛顧する (aiko suru)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "眷顧する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	眷顧し	けんこし	kenko shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	眷顧し	けんこし	kenko shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	眷顧する	けんこする	kenko suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	眷顧する	けんこする	kenko suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	眷顧すれ	けんこすれ	kenko sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	眷顧せよ¹ 眷顧しろ²	けんこせよ¹ けんこしろ²	kenko seyo¹ kenko shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	眷顧される	けんこされる	kenko sareru
Causative	眷顧させる 眷顧さす	けんこさせる けんこさす	kenko saseru kenko sasu
Potential	眷顧できる	けんこできる	kenko dekiru
Volitional	眷顧しよう	けんこしよう	kenko shiyō
Negative	眷顧しない	けんこしない	kenko shinai
Negative continuative	眷顧せず	けんこせず	kenko sezu
Formal	眷顧します	けんこします	kenko shimasu
Perfective	眷顧した	けんこした	kenko shita
Conjunctive	眷顧して	けんこして	kenko shite
Hypothetical conditional	眷顧すれば	けんこすれば	kenko sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
眷	顧

Noun

眷顧 • (gwon'go) (hangeul 권고)

1. hanja form^? of 권고