倦

倦 U+5026, 倦 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5026 ← 倥 [U+5025] CJK Unified Ideographs 倧 → [U+5027]

Translingual

Han character

倦 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人火手山 (OFQU), four-corner 2921₂, composition ⿰亻卷 (GTKV) or ⿰亻巻 (J))

1. be tired of, weary

References

• KangXi: page 108, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 788
• Dae Jaweon: page 231, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 183, character 7
• Unihan data for U+5026

Chinese

simp. and trad.		倦
alternative forms		勌／倦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倦
Small seal script s05897 Transcribed ancient scripts L36738 L23040 L23041 L23042 L23043 L23044
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (卷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
腃	*kʰruls, *ɡron
卷	*ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ
菤	*kronʔ
捲	*kronʔ, *krons, *ɡron
埢	*kronʔ
睠	*krons
弮	*kʰron, *krons
犈	*krons, *ɡron
棬	*kʰron
鬈	*kʰron, *ɡron
圈	*kʰron, *ɡronʔ, *kʰon, *ɡlonʔ, *ɡlons
蜷	*ɡron
踡	*ɡron
婘	*ɡron
蔨	*ɡronʔ, *ɡrunʔ
倦	*ɡrons
淃	*ɡrons
綣	*kʰonʔ, *kʰons
裷	*kʰonʔ, *qon

In the Chu form, a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrons): semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 龹 (). In the Small Seal Script form, a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrons): semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 卷 (OC *ɡron, *kronʔ, *krons, *ɡonʔ).

Etymology

Compare Tibetan ཀྱོར་ཀྱོར (kyor kyor, “weak; feeble”), Tibetan ཁྱོར་བ (khyor ba, “to stumble; to move totteringly”), Tibetan འཁྱོར་བ ('khyor ba, “to stagger, to reel”) (Bodman, 1980). Cognate with 痯 (OC *koːnʔ, *koːns, “exhausted”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): juàn (juan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khién / khián
• Min Nan (POJ): koān / koàn

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: juàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyuàn
    • Wade–Giles: chüan⁴
    • Yale: jywàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuann
    • Palladius: цзюань (czjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gyun⁶
    • Yale: gyuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gyn⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: gün⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khién
    • Hakka Romanization System: kien`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kian<sup>3</sup>
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯en³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khián
    • Hakka Romanization System: kian`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kian³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯an³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koān
    • Tâi-lô: kuān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koan
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kuan³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn
    • Tâi-lô: kuàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koaxn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 倦
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕyan⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕyan⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕyan⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕyã²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕyã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕyan³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕyã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕyã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕyan¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕyɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕyan²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕyɛn³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕyan¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕian²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕyen⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕyĩ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕye⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕye̞³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕye⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/d͡ʑyø²³/
	Suzhou	/d͡ʑiø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩ʷõ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡ʑy²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰye²²/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕyɛ⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕyẽ⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕyẽ¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/t͡ɕyẽ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰian³¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kyn²²/
	Nanning	/kyn²²/
	Hong Kong	/kyn²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kuan²²/ /uã²¹/ 俗
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kuɔŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kyiŋ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kuaŋ³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kin³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ɡˠiuᴇnH/

Rime
Character	倦
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	仙 (80)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠卷切
Baxter	gjwenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiuᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷᵚiɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiuænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gwianH/
Li Rong	/ɡjuɛnH/
Wang Li	/ɡĭwɛnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯wɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	juàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gyun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrons/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倦
Reading #	1/1
No.	7199
Phonetic component	卷
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	倦
Old Chinese	/*ɡrons/

Definitions

倦

1. tired; weary

   疲倦  ―  píjuàn  ―  exhausted; fatigued

   厭倦／厌倦  ―  yànjuàn  ―  fed up; bored

   • 子曰：「默而識之，學而不厭，誨人不倦，何有於我哉？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：“默而识之，学而不厌，诲人不倦，何有于我哉？” [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zǐ yuē: “Mò ér shí zhī, xué ér bù yàn, huì rén bù juàn, hé yǒu yú wǒ zāi?” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "The silent treasuring up of knowledge; learning without satiety; and instructing others without being wearied - which one of these things belongs to me?"

Compounds

• 不倦 (bùjuàn)
• 乏倦
• 亹亹不倦
• 倦乏
• 倦勤
• 倦容 (juànróng)
• 倦怠 (juàndài)
• 倦意 (juànyì)
• 倦游
• 倦累
• 倦色
• 困倦
• 娓娓不倦

• 孜孜不倦 (zīzībùjuàn)
• 孳孳不倦
• 怠倦
• 拘倦
• 朝夕不倦
• 猒倦
• 疲倦 (píjuàn)
• 倦遊／倦游
• 倦飛／倦飞
• 倦鳥知返／倦鸟知返
• 力學不倦／力学不倦 (lìxuébùjuàn)
• 勞倦／劳倦

• 厭倦／厌倦 (yànjuàn)
• 好學不倦／好学不倦 (hàoxuébùjuàn)
• 悶倦／闷倦
• 憊倦／惫倦
• 樂善不倦／乐善不倦
• 樂此不倦／乐此不倦
• 睏倦／困倦 (kùnjuàn)
• 終日不倦／终日不倦 (zhōngrì bùjuàn)
• 誨人不倦／诲人不倦 (huìrénbùjuàn)
• 誨而不倦／诲而不倦
• 諄諄不倦／谆谆不倦
• 鞍馬勞倦／鞍马劳倦

Japanese

Kanji

倦

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. in fatigue
2. languor
3. grow weary of, lose interest in

Readings

• Go-on: げん (gen)^{←ぐゑん (gwen, historical)}
• Kan-on: けん (ken)^{←くゑん (kwen, historical)}
• Kun: つかれる (tsukareru, 倦れる); うむ (umu, 倦む)

Compounds

• 倦(けん)厭(えん) (ken'en)
• 倦(けん)憩(けい) (kenkei)
• 倦(けん)色(しょく) (kenshoku)
• 倦(けん)惰(だ) (kenda)
• 倦(けん)怠(たい) (kentai)
• 倦(けん)憊(ぱい) (kenpai)

Related terms

• 倦きる, 倦る
• 倦ねる

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 倦 (MC ɡˠiuᴇnH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean 꿘〮 (Yale: kkwén) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean 권 (kwen) (Yale: kwen) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kwɘ(ː)n]
• Phonetic hangul: [권(ː)]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

倦 (eumhun 게으를 권 (geeureul gwon))

1. Hanja form^? of 권 (“languor”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 권태 (倦怠, gwontae)
• 권피 (倦疲, gwonpi)
• 권로 (倦勞, gwollo)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

倦: Hán Nôm readings: quyện, cuộn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.