Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *is, from Proto-Indo-European *ís and Proto-Indo-European *yós. Cognate with Lithuanian jis (he), Latin is.

Determiner[edit]

*jь[1][2]

  1. this

Declension[edit]

In the relative function, *jь was supplemented with *že; see *jь že.

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jь (že), *ja (že), *je (že)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 204

Pronoun[edit]

*jь[1][2]

  1. he

Declension[edit]

Already in Old Church Slavonic, the nominative forms of this pronoun had mostly fallen out of use, and were supplanted by reflexes of *onъ (that over there) and *tъ (this, that). It's not certain whether this had already happened within Proto-Slavic but it is likely.

Following a preposition, a prothetic n- is attached to the pronoun in many Slavic languages, including Old Church Slavonic. This probably arose through resegmentation of prepositions that originally ended in -n; through the law of open syllables, it became preferable to consider the final consonant as part of the next syllable, so it was shifted onto the pronoun.

Descendants[edit]

In most of the descendants, the pronoun only survives in the inflected forms, which have often become part of a suppletive paradigm, and are combined with a nominative form from an unrelated root (*onъ or *tъ). As such, the roots of the inflections derived from this pronoun have been shown, linking to the nominative masculine pronoun.

Further reading[edit]

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jь (že), *ja (že), *je (že)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), issue 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 204
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “он”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

References[edit]

  1. 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*jь(že)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 208: “prn.”
  2. 2.0 2.1 Olander, Thomas (2001), “jь ja je”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “he: cf. Table X (SA 35f., 244; PR 138)”