Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jako

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *ako (According to Trubachyov, the material for *ako/jako? and *jakъ is hard to separate.)

Etymology

From *jakъ.

Adverb

*jako

1. (interrogative, relative) how, in which way

   Synonym: *kako

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ꙗко (jako)
    • Old Ruthenian: ꙗкъ (jak), ꙗко (jako)
      • Belarusian: як (jak)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: як (jak), яко (jako)
      • Ukrainian: як (jak)
    • Russian: (archaic) яко (jako)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: ꙗко (jako)

    Glagolitic script:

  • Bulgarian: ако (ako, “if”)
  • Macedonian: ако (ako, “if”)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: а̏ко (“if”)

    Latin script: ȁko (“if”)

  • Slovene: ko (“when”)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jak, jako
    • Czech: jak, jako
  • Old Polish: jak (“how, if”), jako (“as”)
    • Polish: jak (“how, if”), jako (“as”)
    • Silesian: jak, jako
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: jak, jakò
    • Slovincian: jak, jakô
  • Old Slovak: ako, ak, jako, jak
    • Pannonian Rusyn: як (jak)
    • Slovak: ako, ak (“if”)

See also

Type	*kъto	*jь	*jьnъ	*onъ	*ovъ	*sь	*tъ	*vьśь
Time	*kogъda	*jegъda	*jьnogъda	*onogъda	*ovogъda	*sьgъda	*togъda	*vьśegъda
Place (to)	*kǫda	*jǫdu	*jьnǫdu	*onǫda	*ovǫda	*sǫda	*tǫda	*vьśǫdu
Place (to/in)	*kamo	*jamo	*jьnamo	*onamo	*ovamo	*sěmo	*tamo	*vьśamo
Place (in)	*kъde	*jьde	*jьnъde	*onъde	*ovъde	*sьde	*tu	*vьśьde
Way	*kako	*jako	*jьnako	*onako	*ovako	*sice	*tako	*vьśako
Amount	*koliko	*jeliko	*jьnoliko	*onoliko	*ovoliko	*seliko	*toliko	—

References

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*ako / *jako?”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 64