رود

See also: زود

Old Tati

Etymology

Cognate with Larestani رود (rud, “son”) and Southern Luri رود (rūd, “child, offspring”)

Noun

رود (rud)

1. (Old Azari) son
2. (Old Azari) child
   • 15th century, Pir Zehtab Tabrizi

     ای اسکندر
     رودم کشتی
     رودت کشاد

     ay Iskandar, rud-am kuštī, rud-at kušâd!

     Oh Iskandar, you killed my son; may your son perish as well!

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian, from Old Persian 𐎼𐎢𐎫 (r-u-t /⁠rautaʰ⁠⁠/, “river, torrent”), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *hráwtah.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈroːd/, /ˈruːd/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [roːd̪], [ruːd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [roːd̪], [ruːd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [roːd̪], [ruːd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [rʊːd̪̥], [rud̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɹuːd̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɾɵd̪], [ɾud̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	rōd, rūd
Dari reading?	rōd, rūd
Iranian reading?	rud
Tajik reading?	rüd, rud

• Rhymes: -uːd

Noun

Dari	رود
Iranian Persian
Tajik	рӯд

رود • (rōd, rūd / rud) (plural رودها (rōd-hā, rūd-hā / rud-hâ), Tajik spelling рӯд, or руд)

1. river
2. torrent

Synonyms

• دریا (daryâ)
• رودخانه (rôdxâne)
• نهر (nahr)
• آب (âb)

Derived terms

• ورارود (varârud)
• رودخانه (rudxâne)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: रूद (rūd)

  Urdu: رُود (rūd)

Noun

رود • (rôd) (plural رودها)

1. (obsolete) musical instrument
2. (obsolete) song

Urdu

رُود

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رود (rūd, rōd, “river”).

Noun

رود • (rūd) f (Hindi spelling रूद)

1. river

   Synonym: دریا (daryā)

2. stream, torrent

Declension

Declension of رود

	singular	plural
direct	رود (rūd)	رودیں (rūdẽ)
oblique	رود (rūd)	رودوں (rūdõ)
vocative	رود (rūd)	رودو (rūdo)

Derived terms

• رُود خانَہ (rūd-xāna, “riverbed”)
• رُود بار (rūd-bār)
• زِندَہ رُود (zinda-rūd, “great river”)
• خُشک رُود (xuśk-rūd, “dried riverbed; channel”, literally “dry river”)
• آب رُود (āb-rūd, “spikenard”)

References

• “رود”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “رود”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “رود”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “رود”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.