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kus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "kus"
Languages (20)
Translingual
Afrikaans • Catawba • Czech • Dutch • Estonian • French • Ingrian • Karelian • Khalaj • Livonian • Maltese • Old High German • Old Saxon • Serbo-Croatian • Slovak • Tocharian A • Tok Pisin • Turkish • Veps
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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Clipping of English Kusaal.

Symbol

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kus

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Kusaal.

See also

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Afrikaans

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FWOTD – 27 January 2019

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Dutch kust, from Middle Dutch cost, from Old French coste, from Latin costa (“rib, side”).

Noun

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kus (plural kuste)

  1. coast, shoreline, seashore
    • 1986, Die Noordweste. Die stoflike kultuuruitinge van die streek se bewoners, page 31:
      In 1862 word 'n pad vanaf die kopermyne na Hondeklipbaai aan die kus gebou.
      In 1862 a path from the copper mines to Hondeklip Bay at the coast is built.
  2. coastal region
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Dutch kussen, from Middle Dutch cussen, from Old Dutch kussen, from Proto-Germanic *kussijaną. Cognate with English kiss, German küssen, and Danish kysse.

Verb

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kus (present kus, present participle kussende, past participle gekus)

  1. to kiss
    • 2012, Pieter Aspe, Vierkant van die wraak, LAPA:
      Sy steek 'n hand na hom uit, en vir 'n oomblik oorweeg hy om dit galant te kus.
      She holds a hand in front of him, and for a moment he considers kissing it gallantly.
Usage notes
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The use of kus as an alternative for soen is rarely used in speech but is more commonly found in literature, often being used poetically.

Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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From Dutch kus, from Middle Dutch kos, from Old Dutch *kos, from Proto-Germanic *kussaz. Cognate with English kiss, German Kuss, and Danish kys.

Noun

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kus (plural kusse)

  1. kiss
    • 1984, Eugène Nielen Marais, Versamelde werke, Leon Rousseau (ed.), Van Schaik (publ.), page 930.
      Sy vou haar armpies om die ou man se nek maar in plaas van haar geheimpie te hoor, bedek hy die gesiggie met kusse.
      She wraps her short arms around the old man's neck, but instead of listening to her secret he covers her little face with kisses.
Usage notes
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As with the noun.

Synonyms
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Catawba

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Etymology

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From the same root as kusa (“standing”), because the stalks stand upright.

Noun

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kus

  1. corn, maize

Usage notes

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The initial consonant is sometimes voiced: gus.

Derived terms

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  • kus suk (“corncob”, literally “corn house”)
  • kus sarak (“wheat”, literally “corn grass”)

References

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  • 1900, Albert S. Gatschet, Grammatic Sketch of the Catawba Language (published in the American Anthropologist)

Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kǫsъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkus]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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kus m inan

  1. piece (either "part" or as a counter word)
    Máte více kusů? ― Do you have more pieces? or Do you have more of these?
  2. chunk

Declension

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Declension of kus (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative kus kusy
genitive kusu kusů
dative kusu kusům
accusative kus kusy
vocative kuse kusy
locative kusu, kuse kusech
instrumental kusem kusy
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adjective
nouns
verbs

See also

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Further reading

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch kos, kus, from Old Dutch *kos, *kus, from Proto-West Germanic *koss, from Proto-Germanic *kussaz.

The older Dutch forms with -u- are taken from the verb, those with -o- derive directly from the noun. Compare German Kuss, English kiss, Danish kys.

Noun

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kus m (plural kussen, diminutive kusje n)

  1. kiss
    1. kiss of peace (Christian greeting)
    2. socialist fraternal kiss
Alternative forms
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  • (dialectal) kos
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: kus
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: kosi
  • Negerhollands: kus

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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kus

  1. inflection of kussen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Estonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *ku.

Adverb

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kus (not comparable)

  1. (interrogative) where (in which place)
  2. (relative) where (in which place)

See also

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Estonian deictic adverbs
proximal distal interrogative
motion towards siia sinna kuhu
location inside siin seal kus
motion from siit sealt kust

French

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Noun

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kus m

  1. plural of ku

Ingrian

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kus

  1. inessive of kuka; where
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 33:
      Kus ono suuret ikkunat, seel ono paljo luhtia, paljo valkeutta.
      Where there are big windows, there is a lot of air, a lot of brightness.
    • 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa) [Geography: textbook for Ingrian elementary school third grade (first part)], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:
      Paljo uutta ja interesnoita töö saatta tiitä maast, kus möö elämmä.
      You will get to know a lot of new and interesting things about the earth, where we live.

See also

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References

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  • V. I. Junus (1936), Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 31

Karelian

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Pronoun

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kus

  1. where

Khalaj

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Perso-Arabic کُس

Etymology

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Borrowed from Persian کس (kos).

Pronunciation

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Dialectal forms

Noun

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kus (definite accusative kusı, plural kuslar)

  1. vagina
    Synonyms: hâm, tılâq

Declension

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Declension of kus
singular plural
nominative kus kuslar
genitive kusııñ kuslarııñ
dative kusqa kuslarqa
definite accusative kusı kusları
locative kusça kuslarça
ablative kusda kuslarda
instrumental kusla kuslarla
equative kusvâra kuslarvâra

References

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  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1980), Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1987), Lexik und Sprachgeographie des Chaladsch [Lexicon and Language Geography of Khalaj] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN

Livonian

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Etymology

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Inessive of Proto-Finnic *ku. Compare Estonian kus.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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kus

  1. where

Conjunction

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kus

  1. where
  2. let alone (with si’z)

References

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  • Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “kus”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎[2] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Maltese

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Root
k-w-s
4 terms

Etymology

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From Arabic كُوز (kūz), from Middle Persian.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kus m (plural kwies or kusien, diminutive kwejjes)

  1. jug, pitcher
    Synonym: buqar

Derived terms

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Old High German

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *koss, see also Old Saxon kus, Old English coss, Old Norse koss.

Noun

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kus m

  1. kiss

Descendants

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Old Saxon

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *koss. Compare Old English coss, Old Frisian koss, Old High German kus, Old Norse koss.

Noun

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kus m

  1. a kiss

Declension

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kus (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative kus kussos
accusative kus kussos
genitive kusses kussō
dative kusse kussum
instrumental — —
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Descendants

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Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kǫsъ. First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kȗs m inan (Cyrillic spelling ку̑с)

  1. (rare) piece, part
    Synonyms: komad, parče, deo/dio

Declension

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Declension of kus
singular plural
nominative kȗs kȕsovi
genitive kusa kusova
dative kusu kusovima
accusative kus kusove
vocative kuse kusovi
locative kusu kusovima
instrumental kusom kusovima

Further reading

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  • “kus”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Adjective

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kȗs (Cyrillic spelling ку̑с, definite kȗsī) (rare)

  1. tailless
  2. too short
  3. incomplete

Declension

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indefinite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative kus kusa kuso
genitive kusa kuse kusa
dative kusu kusoj kusu
accusative inanimate
animate 		kus
kusa 		kusu kuso
vocative kus kusa kuso
locative kusu kusoj kusu
instrumental kusim kusom kusim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative kusi kuse kusa
genitive kusih kusih kusih
dative kusim(a) kusim(a) kusim(a)
accusative kuse kuse kusa
vocative kusi kuse kusa
locative kusim(a) kusim(a) kusim(a)
instrumental kusim(a) kusim(a) kusim(a)
definite forms
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative kusi kusa kuso
genitive kusog(a) kuse kusog(a)
dative kusom(u/e) kusoj kusom(u/e)
accusative inanimate
animate 		kusi
kusog(a) 		kusu kuso
vocative kusi kusa kuso
locative kusom(e/u) kusoj kusom(e/u)
instrumental kusim kusom kusim
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative kusi kuse kusa
genitive kusih kusih kusih
dative kusim(a) kusim(a) kusim(a)
accusative kuse kuse kusa
vocative kusi kuse kusa
locative kusim(a) kusim(a) kusim(a)
instrumental kusim(a) kusim(a) kusim(a)

Further reading

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  • “kus”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Slovak

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kǫsъ, cognate with Russian кус (kus) and кусок (kusok), Slovene kos, Serbo-Croatian кус, kus, Bulgarian къс (kǎs). Non-Slavic cognates include Sanskrit खादति (khādati, “he chews”), Persian خاییدن (xâyidan, “to chew”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kus m inan (relational adjective kusový, diminutive kúštik or kúsoček or kúštiček, augmentative kusisko)

  1. piece

Declension

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Declension of kus
(pattern dub)
singularplural
nominativekuskusy
genitivekusakusov
dativekusukusom
accusativekuskusy
locativekusekusoch
instrumentalkusomkusmi

Further reading

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  • “kus”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026

Tocharian A

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Etymology

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From Proto-Tocharian *kuse, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷusó from *kʷos, *kʷís. Compare Tocharian B kᵤse.

Pronoun

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kus (accusative kuc)

  1. who, what (interrogative)
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Tok Pisin

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Noun

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kus

  1. cough, coughing
    • 2010, anonymous author, Kirap!‎[3]:
      Na sampela i kisim pen long bodi, skin i skrap, tuhat, kus, les kwik, belhat, o bel hevi.
      They may also experience aching, itching, sweating, and coughing, as well as mood changes demonstrated by impatience, a proneness to anger, or even depression.

Verb

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kus

  1. to cough
    • 1998, anonymous author, Kirap!‎[4]:
      Jem i kamap long win taim sikman i kus long maus o nus.
      The germ spreads in the air when a patient coughs through the mouth or nose.

Homophones

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Turkish

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Verb

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kus

  1. second-person singular imperative of kusmak

Veps

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adverb

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kus

  1. where, in what place (interrogative)

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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  • Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “где”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎[5], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
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