勒

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勒 U+52D2, 勒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52D2
← 勑
[U+52D1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勓 →
[U+52D3]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

勒 (radical 19, 力+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿十大尸 (TJKS), four-corner 44527, composition ⿰革力)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 148, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2386
  • Dae Jaweon: page 333, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 374, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+52D2

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 勒

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (力) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
勒 *rɯːɡ
肋 *rɯːɡ
扐 *rɯːɡ
仂 *rɯːɡ, *rɯɡ
艻 *rɯːɡ
朸 *rɯːɡ, *rɯɡ
玏 *rɯːɡ
泐 *rɯːɡ, *rɯɡ
阞 *rɯːɡ
竻 *rɯːɡ
力 *rɯɡ
屴 *rɯɡ
鳨 *rɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rɯːɡ): semantic 革 + phonetic 力 (OC *rɯɡ).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: lēi - vernacular (“to tie tight”) - lè - literary (other senses).
Note:
  • lia̍k/le̍k/liak - literary;
  • leh/le̍h - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 勒
    Mandarin Beijing /lɤ⁵¹/
    Harbin /lɤ²¹³/ ～令
    /lei⁴⁴/ ～緊
    Tianjin /lei²¹/
    /lɤ⁵³/
    Jinan /lə²¹³/
    /lei²¹³/
    Qingdao /lə⁴²/
    /le⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /lɛ²⁴/
    Xi'an /lei²¹/
    Xining /lɨ⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /lia¹³/
    /lə¹³/
    Lanzhou /lə¹³/
    Ürümqi /lei⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /nɤ²¹³/
    Chengdu /ne³¹/
    /nie³¹/
    Guiyang /lɛ²¹/
    Kunming /lə³¹/
    Nanjing /ləʔ⁵/
    Hefei /laɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /liəʔ²/
    Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /ləʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /ləʔ¹/
    Suzhou /ləʔ³/
    Hangzhou /ləʔ²/
    Wenzhou /le²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /le²²/
    Tunxi
    Xiang Changsha /lə²⁴/
    Xiangtan /næ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /lɛʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /let̚⁵/
    Taoyuan
    Cantonese Guangzhou /lɐk̚²/
    Nanning /lɐk̚²²/
    Hong Kong /lɐk̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lik̚⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /lɛiʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /lɛ⁴²/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /lek̚⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /lek̚⁵/
    /lek̚³/
    Rime
    Character 勒
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 德 (131)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 盧則切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lək̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lək̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/lək̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lək̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/lək̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/lək̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/lək̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lè
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		lak6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 勒 勒
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lè lè
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ lok › ‹ lok ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[r]ˁək/ /*[r]ˁək/
    English engrave bridle

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 勒
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7844
    Phonetic
    component         		力
    Rime
    group         		職
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		勒
    Old
    Chinese         		/*rɯːɡ/
    Notes 說文力聲，金文或單作革，
    實革轉註分化字

    Definitions[edit]

    勒

    1. bridle (with a bit)
    2. to rein in; to restrain
    3. to command; to lead; to lay out (forces)
    4. (colloquial) to strap tightly; to bind tight; to strangle; to tighten
    5. to restrict; to limit
    6. to compel; to force
    7. to cut; to carve; to engrave
    8. to compile; to bind (to make a book)
    9. to write; to draw; to depict
    10. to extort; to blackmail
    11. to tantalise; to provoke
    12. Short for 勒克斯／勒克司 (lèkèsī, “lux”).
    13. A surname​.
    14. (Suzhou) at, in
    15. (Suzhou) in the process of; currently
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 在 (“at, in”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 於
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 在
    Mandarin Beijing 在, 挨, 跟
    Taiwan 在
    Harbin 在
    Jinan 在, 從
    Wanrong 在
    Xi'an 在
    Ürümqi 在
    Wuhan 在
    Chengdu 在
    Guiyang 在
    Guilin 在
    Liuzhou 在
    Yangzhou 在
    Nanjing 在
    Hefei 在
    Malaysia 在
    Singapore 在
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 在
    Cantonese Guangzhou 喺, 響
    Hong Kong 喺, 響
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 喺, 在
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 喺, 響
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 在
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 在
    Macau 喺
    Panyu 喺, 響
    Huadu (Huashan) 響, 喺
    Conghua 在
    Zengcheng 在
    Foshan 喺, 響
    Nanhai (Shatou) 喺, 響
    Shunde 喺
    Sanshui 喺
    Gaoming (Mingcheng) 喺, 響
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 在
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 在
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 響, 揀
    Doumen 揀
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 喺
    Xinhui 喺
    Taishan 到, 響
    Kaiping (Chikan) 到, 響
    Enping (Niujiang) 到, 響
    Heshan (Yayao) 響
    Dongguan 響, 在, 喺
    Bao'an (Shajing) 在
    Yangjiang 在
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 喺, 響
    Singapore (Guangfu) 喺
    Gan Nanchang 在
    Lichuan 在
    Pingxiang 在
    Hakka Meixian 喺
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 在
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 在
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 在
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 在
    Conghua (Lütian) 在
    Yudu 在
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 在
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 在
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 在
    Dongshi (Dabu) 在
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 在
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 在
    Hong Kong 在
    Senai (Huiyang) 在
    Kuching (Hepo) 在
    Jin Taiyuan 在
    Xinzhou 在
    Min Bei Jian'ou 到
    Min Dong Fuzhou 著, 在, 洽
    Fuqing 著, 洽
    Singapore (Fuqing) 著
    Min Nan Xiamen 佇, 踮, 蹛
    Quanzhou 佇, 踮, 蹛
    Zhangzhou 佇, 咧, 蹛
    Zhao'an 佇, 蹛
    Taipei 佇
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 佇
    Kaohsiung 佇
    Yilan 佇
    Changhua (Lukang) 佇
    Taichung 佇
    Tainan 佇, 踮, 蹛
    Hsinchu 佇
    Kinmen 佇
    Penghu (Magong) 佇
    Penang (Hokkien) 佇, 蹛
    Singapore (Hokkien) 佇
    Manila (Hokkien) 佇
    Chaozhou 在
    Shantou 在
    Chenghai 在
    Chaoyang 在
    Jieyang 在
    Haifeng 著
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 在
    Singapore (Teochew) 在
    Wenchang 佇
    Singapore (Hainanese) 佇
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 在
    Wu Shanghai 辣, 辣辣, 辣海
    Suzhou 勒
    Danyang 在
    Ningbo 來, 來勒, 來的, 來東, 來當, 來該
    Wenzhou 是
    Xiang Changsha 在
    Loudi 在
    Shuangfeng 在
    Dialectal synonyms of 正在 (“in the process of; currently”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 正在, 刻正
    Mandarin Beijing 正在, 在
    Taiwan 正在, 在
    Guilin 在
    Malaysia 正在, 在
    Singapore 正在, 在
    Cantonese Guangzhou 喺度, 喺處, 響度, 響處
    Hong Kong 喺度, 喺處, 響度, 響處
    Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 當, 在該, 當在
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 當, 在該
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 當, 在該
    Dongshi (Dabu) 當, 在該
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 當, 在該
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 正在, 在遐
    Min Dong Fuzhou 著𡅏, 𡅏
    Fuqing 著𡅏
    Singapore (Fuqing) 著𡅏
    Min Nan Xiamen 佇咧, 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 拄佇咧
    Quanzhou 佇咧, 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 拄佇咧
    Zhangzhou 咧, 當咧, 拄咧, 當時
    Tainan 佇咧, 咧, 當咧
    Penang (Hokkien) 佇
    Singapore (Hokkien) 佇
    Manila (Hokkien) 佇咧, 咧
    Shantou 在
    Chaoyang 在
    Wu Shanghai 辣, 辣辣, 辣海
    Ningbo 來, 來的, 來該, 來當, 來東, 來勒
    Wenzhou 是, 是搭

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 勒

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    勒

    1. Alternative form of 嘞 (lei, “modal particle”).

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    勒

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. halter and bit

    Readings[edit]

    • Go-on: ろく (roku)
    • Kan-on: ろく (roku)
    • Kun: くつわ (kutsuwa, 勒)

    Etymology[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    Kanji in this term
    勒
    ろく
    Hyōgaiji
    on’yomi

    Middle Chinese 勒

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    勒(ろく) • (roku) 

    1. bit (metal in horse's mouth)
    2. headstall
    3. the second of the Eight Principles of Yong

    Hypernyms[edit]

    Coordinate terms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    勒 (eum 륵 (reuk))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    勒: Hán Nôm readings: lặc, lắc, lấc, lật, lất

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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