勒

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勒 U+52D2, 勒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52D2
← 勑
[U+52D1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勓 →
[U+52D3]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

勒 (radical 19, 力+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿十大尸 (TJKS), four-corner 44527, composition ⿰革力)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 148, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2386
  • Dae Jaweon: page 333, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 374, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+52D2

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 勒

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (力) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
勒 *rɯːɡ
肋 *rɯːɡ
扐 *rɯːɡ
仂 *rɯːɡ, *rɯɡ
艻 *rɯːɡ
朸 *rɯːɡ, *rɯɡ
玏 *rɯːɡ
泐 *rɯːɡ, *rɯɡ
阞 *rɯːɡ
竻 *rɯːɡ
力 *rɯɡ
屴 *rɯɡ
鳨 *rɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rɯːɡ): semantic 革 + phonetic 力 (OC *rɯɡ).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: lēi - vernacular (“to tie tight”) - lè - literary (other senses).
Note:
  • lia̍k/le̍k/liak - literary;
  • leh/le̍h - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 勒
    Mandarin Beijing /lɤ⁵¹/
    Harbin /lɤ²¹³/ ～令
    /lei⁴⁴/ ～緊
    Tianjin /lei²¹/
    /lɤ⁵³/
    Jinan /lə²¹³/
    /lei²¹³/
    Qingdao /lə⁴²/
    /le⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /lɛ²⁴/
    Xi'an /lei²¹/
    Xining /lɨ⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /lia¹³/
    /lə¹³/
    Lanzhou /lə¹³/
    Ürümqi /lei⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /nɤ²¹³/
    Chengdu /ne³¹/
    /nie³¹/
    Guiyang /lɛ²¹/
    Kunming /lə³¹/
    Nanjing /ləʔ⁵/
    Hefei /laɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /liəʔ²/
    Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /ləʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /ləʔ¹/
    Suzhou /ləʔ³/
    Hangzhou /ləʔ²/
    Wenzhou /le²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /le²²/
    Tunxi
    Xiang Changsha /lə²⁴/
    Xiangtan /næ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /lɛʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /let̚⁵/
    Taoyuan
    Cantonese Guangzhou /lɐk̚²/
    Nanning /lɐk̚²²/
    Hong Kong /lɐk̚²/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lik̚⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /lɛiʔ⁵/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /lɛ⁴²/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /lek̚⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /lek̚⁵/
    /lek̚³/
    Rime
    Character 勒
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 德 (131)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 盧則切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lək̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/lək̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/lək̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lək̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/lək̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/lək̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/lək̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		lè
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 勒 勒
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		lè lè
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ lok › ‹ lok ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[r]ˁək/ /*[r]ˁək/
    English engrave bridle

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 勒
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 7844
    Phonetic
    component         		力
    Rime
    group         		職
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		勒
    Old
    Chinese         		/*rɯːɡ/
    Notes 說文力聲，金文或單作革，
    實革轉註分化字

    Definitions[edit]

    勒

    1. bridle (with a bit)
    2. to rein in; to restrain
    3. to command; to lead; to lay out (forces)
    4. (colloquial) to strap tightly; to bind tight; to strangle; to tighten
    5. to restrict; to limit
    6. to compel; to force
    7. to cut; to carve; to engrave
    8. to compile; to bind (to make a book)
    9. to write; to draw; to depict
    10. to extort; to blackmail
    11. to tantalise; to provoke
    12. Short for 勒克斯／勒克司 (lèkèsī, “lux”).
    13. A surname​.
    14. (Suzhou) at
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 在 (“at, in”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 於
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 在
    Mandarin Beijing 在, 挨, 跟
    Taiwan 在
    Harbin 在
    Jinan 在, 從
    Wanrong 在
    Xi'an 在
    Ürümqi 在
    Wuhan 在
    Chengdu 在
    Guiyang 在
    Liuzhou 在
    Yangzhou 在
    Nanjing 在
    Hefei 在
    Malaysia 在
    Singapore 在
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 在
    Cantonese Guangzhou 喺, 響
    Hong Kong 喺, 響
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 喺, 響
    Macau 喺
    Panyu 喺, 響
    Huadu (Huashan) 響, 喺
    Conghua 在
    Zengcheng 在
    Foshan 喺, 響
    Nanhai (Shatou) 喺, 響
    Shunde 喺
    Sanshui 喺
    Gaoming (Mingcheng) 喺, 響
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 在
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 在
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 響, 揀
    Doumen 揀
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 喺
    Xinhui 喺
    Taishan 到, 響
    Kaiping (Chikan) 到
    Enping (Niujiang) 到
    Heshan (Yayao) 響
    Dongguan 響, 在, 喺
    Bao'an (Shajing) 在
    Yangjiang 在
    Kuala Lumpur 喺, 響
    Singapore 喺
    Gan Nanchang 在
    Lichuan 在
    Pingxiang 在
    Hakka Meixian 喺
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 在
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 在
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 在
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 在
    Conghua (Lütian) 在
    Yudu 在
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 在
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 在
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 在
    Dongshi (Dabu) 在
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 在
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 在
    Senai 在
    Jin Taiyuan 在
    Xinzhou 在
    Min Bei Jian'ou 到
    Min Dong Fuzhou 著, 在, 洽
    Fuqing 著, 洽
    Min Nan Xiamen 佇, 踮
    Quanzhou 佇
    Zhangzhou 佇, 咧
    Zhao'an 在
    Taipei 佇, 踮 mT
    Kaohsiung 佇
    Tainan 佇
    Taichung 佇
    Hsinchu 佇
    Lukang 佇
    Sanxia 佇
    Yilan 佇
    Kinmen 佇
    Magong 佇
    Penang (Hokkien) 佇
    Singapore (Hokkien) 佇
    Manila (Hokkien) 佇
    Chaozhou 在
    Shantou 在
    Chenghai 在
    Chaoyang 在
    Jieyang 在
    Haifeng 著
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 在
    Singapore (Teochew) 在
    Wenchang 佇
    Singapore (Hainanese) 佇
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 在
    Wu Shanghai 辣, 辣辣, 辣海
    Suzhou 勒
    Danyang 在
    Wenzhou 是
    Xiang Changsha 在
    Shuangfeng 在
    Loudi 在
    Note mT - mainstream Taiwanese (no particular region identified)

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 勒

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    勒

    1. Alternative form of 嘞 (lei, “modal particle”).

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    勒

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. halter and bit

    Readings[edit]

    • Go-on: ろく (roku)
    • Kan-on: ろく (roku)
    • Kun: くつわ (kutsuwa, 勒)

    Etymology[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    Kanji in this term
    勒
    ろく
    Hyōgaiji
    on’yomi

    Middle Chinese 勒

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    勒(ろく) • (roku) 

    1. bit (metal in horse's mouth)
    2. headstall
    3. the second of the Eight Principles of Yong

    Hypernyms[edit]

    Coordinate terms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    勒 (eum 륵 (reuk))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    勒: Hán Nôm readings: lặc, lắc, lấc, lật, lất

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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