野

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See also: 埜
野 U+91CE, 野
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91CE
← 重
[U+91CD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 量 →
[U+91CF]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

野 (radical 166, 里+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田土弓戈弓 (WGNIN), four-corner 67122, composition ⿰里予)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1291, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40133
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1793, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3683, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+91CE

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 野
alternative forms
 
㙒
墅
埜
𡐨
壄
𡑀

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (予) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
野 *laːʔ, *ɦljaʔ
壄 *laːʔ
序 *ljaʔ
抒 *ljaʔ, *hlja, *ɦljaʔ
芧 *l'aʔ
杼 *l'aʔ, *ɦljaʔ
墅 *ɦljaːʔ
舒 *hlja
紓 *hlja, *ɦljaʔ
妤 *la
伃 *la
予 *la, *laʔ
預 *las
忬 *las
豫 *las
蕷 *las
澦 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *laːʔ, *ɦljaʔ): semantic 田 (“field”) + semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 予 (OC *la, *laʔ).

Etymology[edit]

Various etymologies have been proposed:

Pronunciation 1[edit]

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 野
Mandarin Beijing /iɛ²¹⁴/
Harbin /iɛ²¹³/
Tianjin /ie¹³/
Jinan /iə⁵⁵/
Qingdao /iə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /iɛ⁵³/
Xi'an /iɛ⁵³/
Xining /i⁵³/
Yinchuan /ie⁵³/
Lanzhou /iə⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /iɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ie⁴²/
Chengdu /ie⁵³/
Guiyang /ie⁴²/
Kunming /iɛ⁵³/
Nanjing /ie²¹²/
Hefei /i²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ie⁵³/
Pingyao /ie̞⁵³/
Hohhot /ie⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ɦia²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɑ³¹/
Hangzhou /ʔie̞⁵³/
/ʔi⁵³/
Wenzhou /i³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ie³⁵/
/ia³⁵/
Tunxi /ia²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ie⁴¹/
/ia⁴¹/
Xiangtan /iɒ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /iɑ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /ia⁴⁴/
/ia³¹/
Taoyuan /ʒɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɛ²³/
Nanning /jɛ²⁴/
Hong Kong /jɛ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ia⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ia³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ia²¹/
/ia⁴²/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ia⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ze²¹³/
/ia²¹³/
Rime
Character 野
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 羊者切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiaX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiaX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iaX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jiaX/
Li
Rong 		/iaX/
Wang
Li 		/jĭaX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯aX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yě
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 野
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yě
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yæX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*lAʔ/
English open country

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 野
Reading # 1/2
No. 15722
Phonetic
component 		予
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		野
Old
Chinese 		/*laːʔ/

Definitions[edit]

野

  1. countryside; field; outskirts; wilderness
  2. plain; open country; open space
  3. area; region; boundary
  4. (among) the people; not in power; out of office
  5. unadorned; unaffected; simple; plain
  6. wild; not domesticated; stray
  7. feral; untamed; unrestrained
  8. rough; coarse; violent; boorish; rude
  9. unofficial; informal; illegal
  10. (literary or Min Dong, Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) very; quite

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 野

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 野
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 承與切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑɨə̆X/
Li
Rong 		/ʑiɔX/
Wang
Li 		/ʑĭoX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʑi̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shù
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 野
Reading # 2/2
No. 15729
Phonetic
component 		予
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		野
Old
Chinese 		/*ɦljaʔ/

Definitions[edit]

野

  1. † Original form of 墅 (shù, “field; field hut; detached residence”).

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

野

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. field, plain
  2. natural, pristine
  3. rough
  4. bare, open
  5. extant, scope, sphere
  6. civil, non-governmental
  7. baseball ground
  8. Shimotsuke Province

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Alternative forms[edit]

Kanji in this term
野
の
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology 1[edit]

⟨no1⟩ → /nʷo/ → /no/

From Old Japanese.

Appears to be distinct from の (/no2/ → no, possessive/case-marker particle) and 篦 (/no2/ → no, “arrow shaft”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

野 (hiragana の, rōmaji no)

  1. an area, field
    Synonyms: 野原 (nohara), 野っ原 (noppara), 野良 (nora)
  2. the hidden part of a structure
    Antonym: 化粧 (keshō)
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Prefix[edit]

野 (hiragana の, rōmaji no-)

  1. wild
    野 (の)兎 (うさぎ)
    nousagi
    wild rabbit
  2. rustic, unsophisticated
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Idioms[edit]
Proverbs[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
野
ぬ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

*/nʷə/ → /nu/

The Eastern Old Japanese pronunciation, attested in poems of the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).

Noun[edit]

野 (hiragana ぬ, rōmaji nu)

  1. (regional, obsolete) Same with の (​no) above
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4387), text here
      知 (ち)波 (ば)乃 (の)奴 (ぬ)乃 (の)古 (こ)乃 (の)弖 (て)加 (か)之 (し)波 (は)能 (の)保 (ほ)々 (ほ)麻 (ま)例 (れ)等 (ど)阿 (あ)夜 (や)尓 (に)加 (か)奈 (な)之 (し)美 (み)於 (お)枳 (き)弖 (て)他 (た)加 (が)枳 (き)奴 (ぬ) [Man'yōgana]
      千 (ち)葉 (ば)の野 (ぬ)の児手 (このて)柏 (がしは)のほほまれどあやに愛 (かな)しみ置 (お)きて誰 (た)が来 (き)ぬ [Modern spelling]
      chiba no nu no konote-gashiwa no hohomaredo aya ni kanashimi okite ta ga kinu
      (please add an English translation of this example)
  2. (historical) Misspelling of 野 (no), from the view of an Edo-period scholar of the Man'yōshū and other waka poetry
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
野
や
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 野 (MC jiaX).

Noun[edit]

野 (hiragana や, rōmaji ya)

  1. an area, field
    Synonyms: 野原 (nohara), 野っ原 (noppara), 野良 (nora)
  2. a private or civil matter
    Synonym: 民間 (minkan)
Idioms[edit]

Adjectival noun[edit]

野 (-nari inflection, hiragana や, rōmaji ya)

  1. (archaic) rustic, unsophisticated

References[edit]

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

野 (eum 야 (ya))

  1. Hanja form? of 야 (“wild; savage; untamed”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

野: Hán Việt readings: dã (以(dĩ)者(giả)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
野: Nôm readings: dã[2][4][6], nhả[1][2], rã[1]

  1. Hán tự form of dã (“wild; savage”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ^ Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bonet (1899).
  5. ^ Génibrel (1898).
  6. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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