coarse

English[edit]

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coarse

Etymology[edit]

Adjectival use of course that diverged in spelling in the 18th century. The sense developed from '(following) the usual course' (cf. of course) to 'ordinary, common' to 'lacking refinement', with 'not fine, granular' arising from its application to cloth. Compare the development of mean.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Received Pronunciation) enPR: kôs, IPA^(key): /kɔːs/
(General American) enPR: kôrs, IPA^(key): /koɹs/, [kʰo̞ɹs]
(rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) enPR: kōrs, IPA^(key): /ko(ː)ɹs/
(non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA^(key): /koəs/
Audio (US) (file)
Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)s
Homophone: course

Adjective[edit]

coarse (comparative coarser, superlative coarsest)

With a rough texture; not smooth.
Composed of large particles.
coarse sand
Lacking refinement, taste or delicacy.
coarse manners

coarse language
- 1791, John Walker, A Critical Pronouncing Dictionary […] ‎^[1], London: Sold by G. G. J. and J. Robinſon, Paternoſter Row; and T. Cadell, in the Strand, OCLC 37805775, page 211:
  ☞ This word [earth] is liable to a coarſe vulgar pronunciation, as if written Urth; […]
(archaic, of a metal) Unrefined.
Of inferior quality.
(Can we add an example for this sense?)

Synonyms[edit]

(of inferior quality): thick, rough, sharp, hard
(not refined): rough, rude, uncouth, blunt, unpolished, inelegant, indelicate, vulgar, gritty, obscene, crass

Antonyms[edit]

(of inferior quality): fine

Derived terms[edit]

Collocations[edit]

with nouns (composed of large parts or particles)

coarse particle
coarse grain
coarse graining
coarse sand
coarse powder
coarse gravel
coarse grit
coarse salt
coarse gold
coarse thread
coarse hair
coarse coth
coarse grid
coarse aggregate
coarse texture
coarse grass
coarse fish
coarse angling
coarse fishing

with nouns (lacking refinement)

coarse language
coarse manners
coarse words

Translations[edit]

with a rough texture

Danish: grov
Swedish: grov (sv)

containing large particles

Arabic: ثَخِن‎ (ṯaḵin)
Bashkir: эре (ere)
Biatah Bidayuh: gurot
Bulgarian: едрозърнест (bg) (edrozǎrnest)
Czech: hrubý (cs), drsný (cs)
Danish: grovkornet
Finnish: karkea (fi)
French: grossier (fr)
Galician: tarosco, xoto, brosmo, basto, groufo
German: grob (de), grobkörnig (de)
Greek:
Ancient: χονδρός (khondrós)
Hebrew: גַּס‎ (he) (gas)
Italian: grossolano (it), grezzo (it), grosso (it)
Japanese: 粗い (ja) (arai)
Malay: kasar (ms)
Maori: kaitara (of texture), matanui
Russian: кру́пный (ru) (krúpnyj)
Swedish: grov (sv)
Tocharian B: aśāwe, śāwe
Ukrainian: гру́бий (hrúbyj)

of inferior quality

Bulgarian: долнокачествен (bg) (dolnokačestven)
Catalan: groller (ca), bast (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 粗糙的 (zh) (cūcāo de)
Czech: hrubý (cs)
Danish: grov
Dutch: ruw (nl), grof (nl)
Finnish: karkea (fi)
French: brut (fr)
Galician: tordelán, esguerio, brosmo
German: grob (de)
Hebrew: גַּס‎ (he) (gas); נָחוּת‎ (nakhut)
Hungarian: durva (hu)
Ido: kruda (io)
Italian: rude (it), grossolano (it)
Japanese: 粗い (ja) (あらい, arai)
Latvian: rupjš
Middle English: cours
Norwegian:
Bokmål: grov (no)

Nynorsk: grov
Portuguese: grosseiro (pt)
Romanian: de proastă calitate, grosolan (ro), brut (ro)
Russian: гру́бый (ru) (grúbyj), черново́й (ru) (černovój), необрабо́танный (ru) (neobrabótannyj), низкока́чественный (ru) (nizkokáčestvennyj)
Spanish: tosco (es), rústico (es), rudo (es), bruto (es), crudo (es), grosero (es), burdo (es), chabacano (es), ramplón (es)
Swedish: grov (sv)

not refined

Bulgarian: груб (bg) (grub), необработен (bg) (neobraboten)
Catalan: brut (ca),groller (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 粗躁 (zh) (cūzào), 粗魯 (zh), 粗鲁 (zh) (cūlǔ)
Czech: hrubý (cs)
Danish: grov
Finnish: karkea (fi)
French: vulgaire (fr)
Galician: rude, burdallo, labrusco, marán, matulán, saloio, támaro, lurdio, paizoco, cazurlo, baldrocas, groseiro
German: grob (de), derb (de), primitiv (de)
Hebrew: גַּס‎ (he) (gas)
Hungarian: durva (hu)
Irish: borb
Italian: rozzo (it), grezzo (it), greggio (it), sguaiato (it)
Latvian: rupjš
Norwegian:
Bokmål: grov (no)

Nynorsk: grov
Portuguese: rude (pt), grosseiro (pt)
Romanian: brut (ro), grosier (ro), grosolan (ro)
Russian: гру́бый (ru) (grúbyj), вульга́рный (ru) (vulʹgárnyj), непристо́йный (ru) (nepristójnyj), неприли́чный (ru) (neprilíčnyj), поха́бный (ru) (poxábnyj)
Spanish: grosero (es), bruto (es), soez (es), chocarrero
Swedish: grov (sv)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Norman: ^{(please verify)} grôssyi (Jersey)

Anagrams[edit]

Arceos, Rascoe, acrose, ocreas