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bast

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: bášt, Bast, bAst, bäst, and bæst

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English bast, from Old English bæst (“bast, inner bark of trees from which ropes were made”), from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz (“bast, rope”) (compare the Swedish bast, Dutch bast, German Bast), perhaps an alteration of Proto-Indo-European *bʰask-, *bʰasḱ- (“bundle”) (compare Middle Irish basc (“necklace”), Latin fascis (“bundle”), Albanian bashkë (“tied, linked”)).

Alternative forms

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Noun

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bast (countable and uncountable, plural basts)

  1. Inner bark of a tree from which rope is traditionally made.
  2. Fibre made from the phloem of certain plants (particularly the lime tree) and used for making ropes, cords and matting.
    • 1912, John Galsworthy, Quality:
      [T]here would be seen his face, or that of his elder brother, peering down. A guttural sound, and the tip-tap of bast slippers beating the narrow wooden stairs, and he would stand before one without coat, a little bent, in leather apron, with sleeves turned back, blinking […]
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIX, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      At the far end of the houses the head gardener stood waiting for his mistress, and he gave her strips of bass to tie up her nosegay. This she did slowly and laboriously, with knuckly old fingers that shook.
    • 1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 87
      I thought I saw Him in the Long Walk there, by the bed of Nelly Roche, tending a fallen flower with a wisp of bast.
    • 1997, ‘Egil's Saga’, translated by Bernard Scudder, The Sagas of Icelanders, Penguin, published 2001, page 145:
      He had taken along a long bast rope in his sleigh, since it was the custom on longer journeys to have a spare rope in case the reins needed mending.
Translations
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Etymology 2

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From Middle English bast, from a back-formation of Middle English bastard.

Noun

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bast (uncountable)

  1. (obsolete) Bastardy, illegitimacy of birth.

Adjective

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bast (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) Illegitimate, born out of wedlock.

Anagrams

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Deverbal from bastar.

Adjective

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bast (feminine basta, masculine plural basts or bastos, feminine plural bastes)

  1. (archaic) supplied, furnished, provided
    Synonyms: abastat, proveït
  2. rough, crude
    Synonym: groller

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Vulgar Latin *bastum.

Noun

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bast m (plural basts or bastos)

  1. packsaddle
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Danish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bast c (singular definite basten, not used in plural form)

  1. bast
  2. raffia

Inflection

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Declension of bast
common
gender 		singular
indefinite definite
nominative bast basten
genitive basts bastens

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch bast, from Old Dutch *bast, from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz.

Noun

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bast m (plural basten, diminutive bastje n)

  1. inner bark
  2. (zoology) velvet
  3. (figuratively) skin, hide
    Hij liep in zijn blote bast rond.
    He walked around bare-chested.
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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bast

  1. inflection of bassen:
    1. second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. (archaic) plural imperative

References

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  • M. J. Koenen & J. Endepols, Verklarend Handwoordenboek der Nederlandse Taal (tevens Vreemde-woordentolk), Groningen, Wolters-Noordhoff, 1969 (26th edition) [Dutch dictionary in Dutch]

Anagrams

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Faroese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse bast (“bast, inner bark of trees from which ropes were made”), from Proto-Germanic *bastaz (“bast, rope”), perhaps an alteration of Proto-Indo-European *bʰask-, *bʰasḱ- (“bundle”).

Noun

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bast n (genitive singular basts, uncountable)

  1. bast, raffia
  2. rope made of bast
Declension
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n3s singular
indefinite definite
nominative bast bastið
accusative bast bastið
dative basti bastinum
genitive basts bastsins

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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bast

  1. supine of basa

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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From Old English bæst, from Proto-West Germanic *bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bast (plural bastes)

  2. A cord or cable manufactured using bast.
  3. (rare) Bast; fibre made from the phloem of plants.
Descendants
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  • English: bast, bass
  • Scots: bass

References

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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Old French bast (French bât), probably a back-formation from bastard.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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bast (uncountable)

  2. Illegitimacy; the state of being illegitimate.
Derived terms
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References

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North Frisian

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Verb

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bast

  1. second-person singular present of weese

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Etymology 1

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From Old Swedish bast, from Old Norse bast, from Proto-Germanic *bastaz. Cognate with English bast and German Bast.

Noun

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bast n

  1. bast (fibre material)
Declension
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Declension of bast
nominative genitive
singular indefinite bast basts
definite bastet bastets
plural indefinite — —
definite — —
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Etymology 2

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Via Månsing cant borrowed from Tavringer Romani bassj, bassjt, derived from Romani berś. Cognate to Sanskrit वर्ष (varṣa, “year”).

Noun

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bast n

  1. (colloquial) years old
    fylla sjuttio bast
    turn seventy years old
    Mina ungar är fem respektive tre bast
    My kids are five and three years old, respectively
    • 2023 November 10, 27:27 from the start, in Svenska nyheter:
      Jag stod och snorta ladd på en rast / Jag var 11 bast
      I was standing and snorting coke during recess / I was 11 years old
Usage notes
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Often when emphasizing an old or (ironically) young age, in a given context.

References

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Anagrams

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Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Back-formation from bastio (“to baste”).

Noun

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bast m

  1. (obsolete) dripping
    Synonyms: diferion cig, toddion, dripyn

Mutation

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Mutated forms of bast
radical soft nasal aspirate
bast fast mast unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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bast

  1. soft mutation of past (“paste”)

Mutation

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Mutated forms of past
radical soft nasal aspirate
past bast mhast phast

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “bast”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “bast”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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