慢

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mroːns): semantic 忄 ‎(“heart”) + phonetic 曼 ‎(OC *moːn, *mons) – a character trait or behavior (of the heart), sluggish. Note that 曼 also means “long, extended”, so connotations of “take a long time, leisurely, sluggish”.

Han character

慢 (radical 61 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心日田水 (PAWE), four-corner 9604₇, composition ⿰忄曼)

References

• KangXi: page 399, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11110
• Dae Jaweon: page 738, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2346, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6162

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		慢

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): màn (man⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): maan⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): man
• Min Nan (POJ): bān
• Wu (Wiktionary): me (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: màn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˋ
    • Wade-Giles: man⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mann
    • IPA ^(key): /ma̠n⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: maan⁶
    • Yale: maahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: maan⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /mɑːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: man
    • Hakka Romanization System: man
    • Hagfa Pinyim: man⁴
    • IPA: /man⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān
    • Tâi-lô: bān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ban
    • IPA (Taipei): /ban³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ban²²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: me (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /mᴇ²³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 慢
Mandarin	Beijing	/man⁵¹/
	Harbin	/man⁵³/
	Tianjin	/man⁵³/
	Jinan	/mã²¹/
	Qingdao	/mã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/man³¹²/
	Xi'an	/mã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/mã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/man¹³/
	Lanzhou	/mɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/man²¹³/
	Wuhan	/man³⁵/
	Chengdu	/man¹³/
	Guiyang	/man²¹³/
	Kunming	/mã̠²¹²/
	Nanjing	/maŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/mæ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/mæ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/mɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/mæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/me²³/
	Suzhou	/me̞³¹/
	Hangzhou	/mẽ̞¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ma²²/
Hui	Shexian	/mɛ²²/
	Tunxi	/muːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/man⁵⁵/ /man¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/man²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/man²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/man⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/mɑn⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/man²²/
	Nanning	/man²²/
	Hong Kong	/man²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ban²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/maiŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/maiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/maŋ³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/maŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /mˠan^H/▼

Rime
Character	慢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	刪 (69)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	謨晏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠanH/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚanH/
Shao Rongfen	/mɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨnH/
Li Rong	/manH/
Wang Li	/manH/
Bernard Karlgren	/manH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	màn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*mˤra[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mroːns/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	màn
Middle Chinese	‹ mænH ›
Old Chinese	/*mˤra[n]-s/
English	disrespectful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慢
Reading #	1/1
No.	8735
Phonetic component	曼
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	慢
Old Chinese	/*mroːns/

Definitions

慢

1. slow; sluggish
2. slowly, leisurely

Antonyms

• 快 (kuài)

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Japanese

Kanji

慢

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. lazy

Readings

• Goon: めん (men)
• Kan’on: ばん (ban)
• Kan’yōon: まん (man)
• Kun: おこたる (okotaru), あなどる (anadoru), おごる (ogoru)

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Korean

Hanja

慢 • ‎(man) (hangeul 만, McCune-Reischauer man, Yale man)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

慢 (mạn, mắn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.