慢

慢 U+6162, 慢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6162 ← 慡 [U+6161] CJK Unified Ideographs 慣 → [U+6163]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

慢 (radical 61, 心+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 心日田水 (PAWE), four-corner 9604₇, composition ⿰忄曼)

References

• KangXi: page 399, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11110
• Dae Jaweon: page 738, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2346, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6162

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		慢
variant forms		⿰忄万 second round simplified

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (曼) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
獌	*mroːn, *moːns, *mons
鬘	*mroːn
謾	*mroːn, *mroːns, *mon, *moːn, *moːns
慢	*mroːns
嫚	*mroːns
縵	*mroːns, *moːns
曼	*moːn, *mons
饅	*moːn
蔓	*moːn, *mons
鰻	*moːn, *mons
墁	*moːn, *moːns
鏝	*moːn, *moːns
槾	*moːn
漫	*moːns
幔	*moːns
蟃	*mons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mroːns): semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 曼 (OC *moːn, *mons) – a character trait or behavior (of the heart), sluggish. Note that 曼 also means “long, extended”, so connotations of “take a long time, leisurely, sluggish”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): màn (man⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): maan⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): man
• Min Bei (KCR): māing
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): bān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): mang⁷ / bhuang⁶ / bhuêng⁶ / muang⁶

• Wu (Wiktionary): me (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: màn
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: man⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mann
    • IPA ^(key): /ma̠n⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: maan⁶
    • Yale: maahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: maan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: man⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /maːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: man
    • Hakka Romanization System: man
    • Hagfa Pinyim: man⁴
    • IPA: /man⁵⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: māing
    • IPA ^(key): /maiŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bān
    • Tâi-lô: bān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ban
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ban²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ban⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ban²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ban³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: mang⁷ / bhuang⁶ / bhuêng⁶ / muang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: māng / buăng / buĕng / muăng
    • IPA ^(key): /maŋ¹¹/, /buaŋ³⁵/, /bueŋ³⁵/, /muaŋ³⁵/

Note:

• mang7 - "slow";
• bhuang6/bhuêng6/muang6 - "cold, arrogant" (in 傲慢);
• bhuang6 - Shantou, Chenghai;
• bhuêng6 - Chaozhou;
• muang6 - Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping.

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: me (T3)
  • IPA ^(key): /me̞²³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 慢
Mandarin	Beijing	/man⁵¹/
	Harbin	/man⁵³/
	Tianjin	/man⁵³/
	Jinan	/mã²¹/
	Qingdao	/mã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/man³¹²/
	Xi'an	/mã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/mã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/man¹³/
	Lanzhou	/mɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/man²¹³/
	Wuhan	/man³⁵/
	Chengdu	/man¹³/
	Guiyang	/man²¹³/
	Kunming	/mã̠²¹²/
	Nanjing	/maŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/mæ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/mæ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/mɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/mæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/me²³/
	Suzhou	/me̞³¹/
	Hangzhou	/mẽ̞¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ma²²/
Hui	Shexian	/mɛ²²/
	Tunxi	/muːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/man⁵⁵/ /man¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/man²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/man²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/man⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/mɑn⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/man²²/
	Nanning	/man²²/
	Hong Kong	/man²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ban²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/maiŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/maiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/maŋ³¹/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/maŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /mˠan^H/▼

Rime
Character	慢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	刪 (69)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	謨晏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠanH/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚanH/
Shao Rongfen	/mɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨnH/
Li Rong	/manH/
Wang Li	/manH/
Bernard Karlgren	/manH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	màn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤra[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*mroːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	慢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	màn
Middle Chinese	‹ mænH ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁra[n]-s/
English	disrespectful
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	慢
Reading #	1/1
No.	8735
Phonetic component	曼
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	慢
Old Chinese	/*mroːns/

Definitions

慢 "slow" painted on the road in Taiwan

慢

1. slow; sluggish
2. slowly, leisurely

Antonyms

• 快 (kuài)

Compounds

Derived terms from 慢

• 且慢 (qiěmàn)
• 侮慢 (wǔmàn)
• 倨傲怠慢
• 停雲慢步／停云慢步
• 傲慢 (àomàn)
• 傲賢慢士／傲贤慢士
• 堊慢／垩慢
• 多慢
• 婆婆慢慢
• 媟慢
• 廢慢／废慢
• 待慢
• 忤慢
• 怠慢 (dàimàn)
• 悖慢
• 惰慢 (duòmàn)
• 慆慢
• 慢世
• 慢仗
• 慢俄延
• 慢功
• 慢動作／慢动作 (màndòngzuò)
• 慢半拍
• 慢吐蓮／慢吐莲
• 慢吞吞 (màntūntūn)
• 慢哼哼
• 慢坡
• 慢帳／慢帐
• 慢張／慢张
• 慢待
• 慢性 (mànxìng)
• 慢性子 (mànxìngzi)

• 慢性病 (mànxìngbìng)
• 慢性自殺／慢性自杀
• 慢悠悠 (mànyōuyōu)
• 慢惰 (mànduò)
• 慢慢 (mànmàn)
• 慢慢來／慢慢来
• 慢慢兒／慢慢儿
• 慢慢吞吞
• 慢慢騰騰／慢慢腾腾
• 慢手慢腳／慢手慢脚
• 慢散
• 慢易
• 慢曲
• 慢板
• 慢條廝禮／慢条厮礼
• 慢條斯理／慢条斯理
• 慢條斯禮／慢条斯礼
• 慢條絲禮／慢条丝礼
• 慢步
• 慢火 (mànhuǒ)
• 慢班 (mànbān)
• 慢用 (mànyòng)
• 慢聲／慢声
• 慢臉／慢脸
• 慢藏誨盜／慢藏诲盗
• 慢表
• 慢詞／慢词
• 慢說／慢说
• 慢調／慢调
• 慢調子／慢调子
• 慢走 (mànzǒu)
• 慢跑 (mànpǎo)

• 慢車／慢车 (mànchē)
• 慢車道／慢车道
• 慢速 (mànsù)
• 慢遊／慢游
• 慢郎中
• 慢騰斯禮／慢腾斯礼
• 慢騰騰／慢腾腾
• 慢驚風／慢惊风
• 慢點兒／慢点儿
• 懈慢
• 放慢 (fàngmàn)
• 放慢線兒／放慢线儿
• 款慢
• 減慢／减慢
• 眉低眼慢
• 眼慢
• 簡慢／简慢
• 細嚼慢嚥／细嚼慢咽
• 緊七慢八／紧七慢八
• 緊打慢敲／紧打慢敲
• 緩慢／缓慢 (huǎnmàn)
• 臉慢／脸慢
• 輕吞慢吐／轻吞慢吐
• 輕慢／轻慢 (qīngmàn)
• 輕攏慢撚／轻拢慢撚
• 輕歌慢舞／轻歌慢舞
• 輕賢慢士／轻贤慢士
• 逋慢
• 鈍刀慢剮／钝刀慢剐
• 驕慢／骄慢 (jiāomàn)
• 高慢 (gāomàn)

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Japanese

Kanji

慢

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. (おそい) slow
2. (おこたる) negligent
3. (あなどる、おごる) arrogant

Readings

• Go-on: めん (men)
• Kan-on: ばん (ban)
• Kan’yō-on: まん (man, Jōyō)
• Kun: おそい (osoi, 慢い); おこたる (okotaru, 慢る); あなどる (anadoru, 慢る); おごる (ogoru, 慢る)

Compounds

• (slow): 慢性, 緩慢, 遅慢
• (negligent): 怠慢
• (arrogant): 高慢, 傲慢, 自慢

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Korean

Hanja

慢 • (man) (hangeul 만, McCune–Reischauer man, Yale man)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

慢 (mạn, mắn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.