責

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See also: 责
責 U+8CAC, 責
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CAC
← 貫
[U+8CAB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 貭 →
[U+8CAD]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

責 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 手一月山金 (QMBUC), four-corner 50806, composition ⿱龶貝)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1205, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36682
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1668, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3626, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8CAC

Chinese[edit]

trad. 責
simp. 责
alternative forms 𧵩

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (朿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
債 *ʔsreːɡs, *ʔsreːɡ
積 *ʔseɡs, *ʔseɡ
刺 *sʰeɡs, *sʰeɡ
莿 *sʰeːɡs, *raːds
刾 *sʰeɡs
朿 *sʰeɡs
漬 *zeɡs
耫 *zraːd, *zreːɡ
嘖 *ʔsraːɡ, *ʔsreːɡ, *zreːɡ
梀 *sreːɡ, *sʰloːɡ, *sloːɡ, *l̥ʰoɡ
捒 *sreːɡ, *sroɡs, *sroɡs
幘 *ʔsreːɡ
簀 *ʔsreːɡ
嫧 *ʔsreːɡ, *sʰreːɡ, *sʰeɡ
謮 *ʔsreːɡ
責 *ʔsreːɡ
皟 *sʰreːɡ
憡 *sʰreːɡ
策 *sʰreːɡ
筴 *sʰreːɡ, *kreːb, *keːb
拺 *sʰreːɡ, *sreːɡ
賾 *zreːɡ
鰿 *zreːɡ, *ʔseɡ
擌 *sreːɡ
蹟 *ʔseɡ
襀 *ʔseɡ
磧 *sʰeɡ
洓 *sʰeɡ
績 *ʔseːɡ
勣 *ʔseːɡ
樍 *ʔseːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsreːɡ): phonetic 朿 (OC *sʰeɡs) + semantic 貝 (“cowry; money”) – tax; debt.

Top component now resembles 生 (without the diagonal stroke) – compare 青, 素.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • chit - vernacular;
  • chiak/chek - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 責
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡sɤ³⁵/
    Harbin /t͡sai²⁴/
    /t͡sɤ²⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡sɤ⁴⁵/
    Jinan /t͡sə²¹³/
    /ʈ͡ʂei²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡sə⁴²/
    /t͡se⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂɛ⁴²/
    Xi'an /t͡sei²¹/
    Xining /t͡sɨ⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡sə¹³/
    Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂə¹³/
    Ürümqi /t͡sɤ⁵¹/
    /t͡sei⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡sɤ²¹³/
    Chengdu /t͡se³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡sɛ²¹/
    Kunming /t͡sə³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡səʔ⁵/
    Hefei /t͡sɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡saʔ²/
    Pingyao /t͡sʌʔ⁵³/
    Hohhot /t͡saʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡səʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡sɑʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /t͡sa²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sɛʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /t͡sa⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡sə²⁴/
    Xiangtan /t͡sæ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sɛʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sit̚¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡sit̚²²/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sak̚³/
    Nanning /t͡sak̚³³/
    Hong Kong /t͡sak̚³/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sik̚³²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡saiʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sɛ²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡seʔ²/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡sɛ⁵⁵/
    Rime
    Character 責
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 莊 (18)
    Final (韻) 耕 (119)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 側革切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ʃˠɛk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʈ͡ʂᵚæk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ʃɐk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʈ͡ʂəɨjk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ʃɛk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ʃæk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʈ͡ʂæk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhe
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zak1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 責 責
    Reading # 1/3 2/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zé zé
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsreak › ‹ tsreak ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s-tˁrek/ /*s-tˁrek/
    English demand payment blame

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 責
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1761
    Phonetic
    component         		朿
    Rime
    group         		錫
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		責
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ʔsreːɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    責

    1. to demand; to ask for (something)
    2. to demand to; to order to
    3. to blame; to reproach
    4. to interrogate; to question closely
    5. to punish by beating
    6. duty; responsibility
    7. (Hakka) to thrust; to poke with finger

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 責

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 責
    Reading # 3/3
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhài
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsreaH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s-tˁrek-s/
    English debt

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

    Definitions[edit]

    責

    1. † Original form of 債／债 (zhài, “debt; loan”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 責

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    責

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. blame
    2. condemn

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    責 (eumhun 꾸짖을 책 (kkujijeul chaek))

    1. Hanja form? of 책 (“reproach”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    責 (eumhun 빚 채 (bit chae))

    1. (obsolete) Alternative form of 債 (“Hanja form? of 채 (“debt”).”)

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    責: Hán Nôm readings: trách

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