糞

See also: 粪

糞	U+7CDE, 糞 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CDE

← 糝
[U+7CDD]

CJK Unified Ideographs

糟 →
[U+7CDF]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

糞 (radical 119 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 9080₁, composition ⿱米異)

References[edit]

KangXi: page 912, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3158, character 7
Unihan data for U+7CDE

Chinese[edit]

trad.		糞
simp.		粪
alt. forms		𨤝𡊅 partial 𡊄 partial

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (糞) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
糞	pɯns
瀵	pɯns, *pʰɯns

Oracle bone: pictogram (象形): 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚.

Small seal: pictogram (象形): 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾.

The current glyph is from the small seal script.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin

(Pinyin): fèn (fen⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fan³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fun / pun
Min Dong (BUC): bóng
Min Nan (POJ): pùn / hùn
Wu (Wiktionary): fen (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: fèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄣˋ
  - Wade-Giles: fên⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fenn
  - IPA ^(key): /fən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fan³
  - Yale: fan
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fan³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fen³
  - IPA ^(key): /fɐn³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fun / pun
  - Hakka Romanization System: fun / bun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fun⁴ / bun⁴
  - IPA: /fun⁵⁵/, /pun⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bóng
  - IPA ^(key): /pouŋ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pùn / hùn
  - Tâi-lô: pùn / hùn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: puxn, huxn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pun²¹/, /hun²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pun⁴¹/, /hun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pun²¹/, /hun²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pun¹¹/, /hun¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pun²¹/, /hun²¹/

Note:

pùn - vernacular;
hùn - literary.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: fen (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /fəɲ³⁴/

Middle Chinese: /pɨun^H/▼

Rime
Character	糞
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	文 (59)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方問切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨun^H/
Pan Wuyun	/piun^H/
Shao Rongfen	/piuən^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pun^H/
Li Rong	/piuən^H/
Wang Li	/pĭuən^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯uən^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fèn

Old Chinese▼

(Baxter-Sagart): /*p[u]r-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*pɯns/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	糞
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fèn
Middle Chinese	‹ pjun^H ›
Old Chinese	/*p[u]r-s/
English	manure, dirt
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	糞
Reading #	1/1
No.	3197
Phonetic component	糞
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	糞
Old Chinese	/*pɯns/

Definitions[edit]

糞

^† to clear away
excrement; faeces; dung
^† to apply manure to
manure

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Goon: ふん (fun)
Kan’on: ふん (fun)
Kun: くそ (kuso, 糞); ばば (baba, 糞)

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
糞
くそ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Cognate with 臭い (kusai, “stinky, smelly”), 腐る (kusaru, “to rot, to become stinky”).^[1]

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) くそ [kùsóꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[2]^[3]
- IPA^(key): [kɯ̟̊ᵝso̞]

Alternative forms[edit]

屎

Noun[edit]

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji kuso)

(colloquial) feces, excrement

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

糞 (くそ)っ垂 (た)れ (kusottare): dingleberry (vulgar epithet)
目糞 (めくそ) (mekuso): rheum, eye mucus

Idioms[edit]

Idioms

糞 (くそ)の役 (やく)にも立 (た)たぬ (kuso no yaku ni mo tatanu): “not even good for shit” (see 役 (やく)に立 (た)つ (yaku ni tatsu): “to be useful, to play a role”)

Interjection[edit]

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji kuso)

(expletive) crap, dang it, darn it, fudge

Usage notes[edit]

This is sometimes glossed as shit or bullshit. However, kuso is not considered as profane as these English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.

Prefix[edit]

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji kuso-)

A derogatory prefix.

糞 (くそ)爺 (じじ)い

kusojijī

damn geezer

Suffix[edit]

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji -kuso)

crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.

下 (へ)手 (た)糞 (くそ)

hetakuso

crappy bad at something, to be shit at doing something

襤 (ぼ)褸 (ろ)糞 (くそ)

borokuso

broken down for shit, raggedy-ass

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
糞
ふん Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

/pun/ → /fun/

From Middle Chinese 糞 (pjun^H).

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) ふん [fúꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]^[3]
- IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟̃ᵝɴ]

Noun[edit]

糞 (hiragana ふん, katakana フン, rōmaji fun)

droppings, dung

ふれあい動物園 (どうぶつえん)のモルモットが受 (う)けるストレスを糞 (ふん)中 (ちゅう)コルチコステロンによって推定 (すいてい)する試 (こころ)み

fureai dōbutsuen no morumotto ga ukeru sutoresu o funchū koruchikosuteron ni yotte suitei suru kokoromi

noninvasive monitoring of stress via fecal corticosterone levels in guinea pigs on public display

Usage notes[edit]

This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji 糞.

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
糞
ばば Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Appears to derive from baby talk.^[1]^[2] Compare English poopoo.

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ばば [bàbá] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
- (Tokyo) ばば [bàbáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[2]
- IPA^(key): [ba̠ba̠]

Alternative forms[edit]

屎

Noun[edit]

糞 (hiragana ばば, rōmaji baba)

(childish) poopoo, poop, dookie
(childish) something unclean

Idioms[edit]

Idioms

猫糞 (ねこばば)する (nekobaba suru): “to do a cat-poo”: to sweep something under the rug: to hide a problem without actually dealing with it (from how a cat will bury its droppings)

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

糞 • (bun) (hangeul 분)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

糞 (phẩn, phân)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 ^2.4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

[NHK-3] 3.0 ^3.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

[1]

[2]

[3]

糞

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

See also[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Idioms[edit]

Interjection[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

Prefix[edit]

Suffix[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

Idioms[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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