radius

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See also: Radius, RADIUS, and radíus

English

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The radius of a circle, shown in red

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin radius (“ray”). Doublet of ray.

Pronunciation

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  • enPR: rā'-dē-əs, IPA(key): /ˈɹeɪ.di.əs/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪdiəs
  • Hyphenation: ra‧di‧us

Noun

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radius (plural radii or radiuses)

  1. (anatomy) The long bone in the forearm, on the side of the thumb.
    • 1808, John Barclay, The Muscular Motions of the Human Body‎[1], →OCLC, page 396:
      It is also obvious, and proved by experiment, that the rotatory motions observed in the hand proceed from the rotatory motions of the radius.
  2. (zoology) The lighter bone (or fused portion of bone) in the forelimb of an animal.
  3. (entomology) One of the major veins of the insect wing, between the subcosta and the media; the vein running along the costal edge of the discal cell.
  4. (geometry) A line segment between any point of a circle or sphere and its center.
    Fatima claims to have visited all the bars within a five-mile radius of her Manhattan apartment.
  5. (geometry) The length of this line segment.
  6. Anything resembling a radius, such as the spoke of a wheel, the movable arm of a sextant, or one of the radiating lines of a spider's web.
    • 1674, Robert Hooke, Animadversions on the Firſt Part of the Machina Coelestis of the […] Aſtronomer Johannes Hevelius […] ‎[2], page 43:
      […] I can do more with a Quadrant, Sextant or Octant, of 1 foot Radius, furniſhed with Teleſcopical Sights and Screws, then [sic] can poſſibly be done with any other Inſtrument, furniſhed only with Common Sights, though 10, 20, 30, nay threeſcore foot Radius; […]

Synonyms

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  • (vein of insect wing): R

Derived terms

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Translations

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Verb

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radius (third-person singular simple present radiuses, present participle radiusing, simple past and past participle radiused)

  1. (transitive) To give a rounded edge to.
    • 2014, Anil Mital, Anoop Desai, Anand Subramanian, Product Development, page 358:
      A comfortable grip is ensured by smoothing the surface of the handle and radiusing the edge.

See also

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Anagrams

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Crimean Tatar

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Other scripts
Cyrillic радиус
Roman

Etymology

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Borrowed from Russian радиус (radius), from Latin radius.

Noun

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radius

  1. radius (line segment or length of this line segment)

Declension

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Declension of radius
singular plural
nominative radius radiuslar
genitive radiusnıñ radiuslarnıñ
dative radiusqa radiuslarğa
accusative radiusnı radiuslarnı
locative radiusta radiuslarda
ablative radiustan radiuslardan

References

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  • Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎[3], Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
  • “radius”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

Danish

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Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin radius.

Noun

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radius c (singular definite radien or radiusen, plural indefinite radier or radiuser)

  1. (geometry) radius

References

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Esperanto

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Verb

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radius

  1. conditional of radii

Faroese

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Noun

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radius m (genitive singular radius, plural radiusar)

  1. (geometry) radius

Declension

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m52 Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative radius radiusin radiusar radiusarnir
Accusative radius radiusin radiusar radiusarnar
Dative radiusi radiusinum radiusum radiusunum
Genitive radius radiussins radiusa radiusanna

French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin radius. Doublet of rai, which was inherited.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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radius m (plural radius)

  1. (anatomy) radius

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ido

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Verb

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radius

  1. conditional of radiar

Indonesian

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Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Latin radius.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /raˈdiʊs/
  • Hyphenation: ra‧di‧us

Noun

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radius (first-person possessive radiusku, second-person possessive radiusmu, third-person possessive radiusnya)

  1. radius:
    1. (mathematics) a line segment between any point of a circle or sphere and its center; the length of this line segment.
      Synonym: jari-jari
    2. (anatomy) the long bone in the forearm, on the side of the thumb.
      Synonym: pengumpil
  2. area of a circle, commonly with epicenter as center.

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Latin

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Etymology

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Of uncertain origin.[1] Some connect it with rādīx and rāmus. Tucker suggests Proto-Indo-European *neredʰ- (“extend forth, rise, outward”) akin to Sanskrit वर्धते (vardhate, “rise, grow”), or from Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, “sharp point”).[2] May ultimately be from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁t- (“bar, beam, stem”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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radius m (genitive radiī or radī); second declension

  1. a staff, rod
    1. a spoke of a wheel
    2. a rod for measurement
    3. the radius of a circle; a rotating radial arm
    4. (weaving) a shuttle
    5. (poetic) a bolt or shaft
    6. the spur of a bird's leg
    7. the tail-spine of a stingray
    8. (anatomy) the radius (the outer bone of a forearm)
  2. a ray of light (also reflected)
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.118-119:
      “[...] ubi prīmōs crāstinus ortus
      extulerit Tītān, radiīsque retēxerit orbem.”
      “[...] when at tomorrow’s early dawn the Titan [Sun] will have risen, and with [his] rays revealed the world.”
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.717:
      At pater Hēliadum radiōs ubi tīnxerit undīs
      But when the father of the Heliades shall have dipped his rays in the waves [...].
      (The father is the sun god; see: Heliades.)
    1. (according to an ancient theory of vision) a ray extending from the eye to the object seen
  3. the name of an elongated variety of olive
  4. the name of a rod with which geometers make figures in dust, also known as a virga

Declension

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Second-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative radius radiī
Genitive radiī
radī1 		radiōrum
Dative radiō radiīs
Accusative radium radiōs
Ablative radiō radiīs
Vocative radie radiī

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Learned borrowings

References

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  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “radius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 512
  2. ^ Tucker, T.G., Etymological Dictionary of Latin, Ares Publishers, 1976 (reprint of 1931 edition).

Further reading

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  • “radius” on page 1731 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
  • “radius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “radius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • radius in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • radius in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “radius”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “radius”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin radius.

Noun

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radius m (definite singular radien or radiusen, indefinite plural radier, definite plural radiene)

  1. (geometry) radius

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin radius.

Noun

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radius m (definite singular radiusen, indefinite plural radiusar, definite plural radiusane)

  1. (geometry) radius

References

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Romanian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from French radius, Latin radius. Compare the inherited doublet rază (“ray”).

Noun

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radius n (plural radiusuri)

  1. (anatomy) radius (bone)
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