radix

See also: Radix

English

Etymology

From Latin radix (“a root”). Doublet of radish.

Pronunciation

• enPR: rādĭks, IPA^(key): /ɹeɪ.dɪks/

Noun

radix (plural radixes or radices)

1. (biology) A root.
2. (linguistics) A primitive word, from which other words may be derived.
3. (mathematics) The number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers in a particular base, as 10 for decimal.

Synonyms

• (linguistics): primitive (word), radical word

Derived terms

• (computing): radix-32 (rare), radix-64

Translations

biology: root — see root

linguistics: word from which other words may be derived

• Finnish: kantasana (fi)
• German: Stammwort (de) n

• Russian: ко́рень (ru) m (kórenʹ), осно́ва (ru) f (osnóva)
• Turkish: kök (tr)

mathematics: number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 基数 (zh) (jīshù)

• Dutch: grondtal (nl)
• Finnish: kanta (fi)
• French: base (fr) f
• German: Basis (de) f
• Irish: bunuimhir f

• Manx: bun-earroo m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: grunntall (no) n

  Nynorsk: grunntal n

• Polish: podstawa (pl) f
• Turkish: baz (tr), taban (tr), temel (tr)
• Welsh: rhif sylfaenol m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: racine (fr) f

Further reading

• radix on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• radix in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.
• radix in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wrādīks, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds. Cognate with Ancient Greek ῥάδιξ (rhádix, “branch, twig”), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 (waurts), Old Irish fren (“root”) and Old English wyrt (“herb, plant”) (English wort).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈraː.diːks/

Noun

rādīx f (genitive rādīcis); third declension

1. A root (of a plant).
2. A radish.
3. The lower part of an object; root.
4. (figuratively) A foundation, basis, ground, origin, source, root.

Inflection

Note that the genitive plural rādīcum has the alternative form rādicium. Third declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rādīx	rādīcēs
Genitive	rādīcis	rādīcum
Dative	rādīcī	rādīcibus
Accusative	rādīcem	rādīcēs
Ablative	rādīce	rādīcibus
Vocative	rādīx	rādīcēs

Derived terms

• ērādīcō
• rādīcālis
• rādīcātus
• rādīcescō
• rādīcō

• rādīcor
• rādīcōsus
• rādīcula
• rādix grāminis

Descendants

• Navarro-Aragonese: [Term?]
  • Aragonese: radiz
• Old Leonese: [Term?]
  • Asturian: raíz
• Old Occitan: [Term?]
  • Occitan: raiç
  • ⇒ Catalan: raïu (hypercorrection)
    • Catalan: raïl
      • ⇒ Catalan: rel (contraction)
        • ⇒ Catalan: arrel
• Old Portuguese: rayz, raiz
  • Galician: raíz
  • Portuguese: raiz
    • Guinea-Bissau Creole: rais
    • Kabuverdianu: raìs
    • Papiamentu: rais
• Old Spanish: [Term?]
  • Spanish: raíz
• Venetian: raìs
• → Old High German: rātih
  • Middle High German: retich, rætich
    • Alemannic German: Räätrich (?)
    • German: Rettich
    • Yiddish: רעטעך‎ (retekh)
• ⇒ Latin: rādīce (ablative singular)
  • Dalmatian: radaica, radaika
  • Italian: radice
    • → Middle French: radice
      • French: radis
        • → Wolof: radi
      • → Dutch: radijs
        • Afrikaans: radijs
        • → German: Radies
          • ⇒ German: Radieschen (diminutive)
    • → Russian: редис (redis)
  • Ligurian: reixa
  • Sicilian: ràdica, ràdiga, ràrica
  • Venetian: raixa
  • → Danish: radise
    • → Faroese: radisa
  • → Icelandic: radísa
  • → Old English: redic, rædic
    • Middle English: radiche, radishe, redich, raddik, radike, redic, radisshe, radische, radik, radysche, radish
      • English: radish
        • → Maori: rātihi
      • Scots: raidish
  • → Swedish: rädisa
• ⇒ Late Latin: radīcīna (diminutive)
  • Eastern Romance:
    • Aromanian: arãdãtsinã, rãdãtsinã, arãsgãnã, zãrãtsinã, rãdzãtinã
    • Romanian: rădăcină
  • Old French: [Term?]
    • French: racine
      • Haitian Creole: rasin
    • Norman: raichinne, réchinne
    • Walloon: raecene
  • Sardinian: radichina, arraighina, raichina, adichína
• → English: radix
• → German: Radix

Unsorted:

• Occitan: rasic, rasiga, arradit
• Romansch: ragisch, risch, rieisch

References

• radix in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• radix in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• radix in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• radix in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to take root: radices agere (De Off. 2. 12. 73)
    
  • at the foot of the mountain: sub radicibus montis, in infimo monte, sub monte
    
  • to occupy the foot of a hill: considere sub monte (sub montis radicibus)
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 512