radix

See also: Radix

English

Etymology

From Latin radix (“a root”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: rādĭks, IPA^(key): /ɹeɪ.dɪks/

Noun

radix (plural radixes or radices)

1. (linguistics) A primitive word, from which other words may be derived.
2. (biology) A root.
3. (mathematics) The number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers in a particular base, as 10 for decimal.

Synonyms

• (linguistics): primitive (word), radical word

Translations

word from which other words may be derived

• Finnish: kantasana (fi)
• German: Stammwort (de) n

• Russian: ко́рень (ru) m (kórenʹ), осно́ва (ru) f (osnóva)

biology: root — see root

number of distinct symbols used to represent numbers

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 基数 (zh) (jīshù)

• Dutch: grondtal (nl)
• Finnish: kanta (fi)
• French: base (fr) f
• German: Basis (de) f
• Irish: bunuimhir f

• Manx: bun-earroo m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: grunntall (no) n

  Nynorsk: grunntal n

• Polish: podstawa (pl) f
• Welsh: rhif sylfaenol m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• French: racine (fr) f

Further reading

• radix in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913
• radix in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wrādīks, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds. Cognate with Ancient Greek ῥάδιξ (rhádix, “branch, twig”), Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐍃 (waurts), Old Irish fren (“root”) and Old English wyrt (“herb, plant”) (English wort).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈraː.diːks/

Noun

rādīx f (genitive rādīcis); third declension

1. A root (of a plant).
2. A radish.
3. The lower part of an object; root.
4. (figuratively) A foundation, basis, ground, origin, source, root.

Inflection

Note that the genitive plural rādīcum has the alternative form rādicium. Third declension.

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	rādīx	rādīcēs
genitive	rādīcis	rādīcum
dative	rādīcī	rādīcibus
accusative	rādīcem	rādīcēs
ablative	rādīce	rādīcibus
vocative	rādīx	rādīcēs

Derived terms

• ērādīcō
• rādīcālis
• rādīcātus
• rādīcescō
• rādīcō

• rādīcor
• rādīcōsus
• rādīcula
• rādix grāminis

Descendants

• Aromanian: arãdãtsinã, zãrãtsinã
• Catalan: arrel, rel, raïl
• Dalmatian: radaica
• English: radix, radish
• French: racine, radis
• Galician: raíz
• German: Rettich

• Italian: radice
• Ligurian: reixa
• Norman: raichinne (Jersey)
• Occitan: raiç, rasic, rasiga
• Portuguese: raiz
• Romanian: rădăcină
• Romansch: ragisch, risch, rieisch

• Sardinian: radichina, arraighina, raichina
• Sicilian: ràdica, ràdiga, ràrica
• Spanish: raíz
• Venetian: raixa, raìs
• Walloon: raecene
• Yiddish: רעטעך‏ (retekh)

References

• radix in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• radix in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• du Cange, Charles (1883), “radix”, in G. A. Louis Henschel, Pierre Carpentier, Léopold Favre, editors, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (in Latin), Niort: L. Favre
• “radix” in Félix Gaffiot’s Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette (1934)
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to take root: radices agere (De Off. 2. 12. 73)
    
  • at the foot of the mountain: sub radicibus montis, in infimo monte, sub monte
    
  • to occupy the foot of a hill: considere sub monte (sub montis radicibus)
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 512