raju

See also: Raju and раю

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *raju. Cognate with Ingrian raju, Karelian raju and Votic raju.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɑju/, [ˈrɑ̝ju]
• Rhymes: -ɑju
• Syllabification^(key): ra‧ju
• Hyphenation^(key): ra‧ju

Adjective

raju (comparative rajumpi, superlative rajuin)

1. fierce, violent, intense, vicious (involving extreme force or motion)
2. rapid, sudden, fast, dramatic
3. brave, daring, courageous
4. tough, hard, harsh

Declension

Inflection of raju (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		raju	rajut
genitive		rajun	rajujen
partitive		rajua	rajuja
illative		rajuun	rajuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		raju	rajut
accusative	nom.	raju	rajut
	gen.	rajun
genitive		rajun	rajujen
partitive		rajua	rajuja
inessive		rajussa	rajuissa
elative		rajusta	rajuista
illative		rajuun	rajuihin
adessive		rajulla	rajuilla
ablative		rajulta	rajuilta
allative		rajulle	rajuille
essive		rajuna	rajuina
translative		rajuksi	rajuiksi
abessive		rajutta	rajuitta
instructive		—	rajuin
comitative		—	rajuine

Possessive forms of raju (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative rajuni rajuni accusative nom. rajuni rajuni gen. rajuni genitive rajuni rajujeni partitive rajuani rajujani inessive rajussani rajuissani elative rajustani rajuistani illative rajuuni rajuihini adessive rajullani rajuillani ablative rajultani rajuiltani allative rajulleni rajuilleni essive rajunani rajuinani translative rajukseni rajuikseni abessive rajuttani rajuittani instructive — — comitative — rajuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative rajusi rajusi accusative nom. rajusi rajusi gen. rajusi genitive rajusi rajujesi partitive rajuasi rajujasi inessive rajussasi rajuissasi elative rajustasi rajuistasi illative rajuusi rajuihisi adessive rajullasi rajuillasi ablative rajultasi rajuiltasi allative rajullesi rajuillesi essive rajunasi rajuinasi translative rajuksesi rajuiksesi abessive rajuttasi rajuittasi instructive — — comitative — rajuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rajumme rajumme accusative nom. rajumme rajumme gen. rajumme genitive rajumme rajujemme partitive rajuamme rajujamme inessive rajussamme rajuissamme elative rajustamme rajuistamme illative rajuumme rajuihimme adessive rajullamme rajuillamme ablative rajultamme rajuiltamme allative rajullemme rajuillemme essive rajunamme rajuinamme translative rajuksemme rajuiksemme abessive rajuttamme rajuittamme instructive — — comitative — rajuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative rajunne rajunne accusative nom. rajunne rajunne gen. rajunne genitive rajunne rajujenne partitive rajuanne rajujanne inessive rajussanne rajuissanne elative rajustanne rajuistanne illative rajuunne rajuihinne adessive rajullanne rajuillanne ablative rajultanne rajuiltanne allative rajullenne rajuillenne essive rajunanne rajuinanne translative rajuksenne rajuiksenne abessive rajuttanne rajuittanne instructive — — comitative — rajuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative rajunsa rajunsa accusative nom. rajunsa rajunsa gen. rajunsa genitive rajunsa rajujensa partitive rajuaan rajuansa rajujaan rajujansa inessive rajussaan rajussansa rajuissaan rajuissansa elative rajustaan rajustansa rajuistaan rajuistansa illative rajuunsa rajuihinsa adessive rajullaan rajullansa rajuillaan rajuillansa ablative rajultaan rajultansa rajuiltaan rajuiltansa allative rajulleen rajullensa rajuilleen rajuillensa essive rajunaan rajunansa rajuinaan rajuinansa translative rajukseen rajuksensa rajuikseen rajuiksensa abessive rajuttaan rajuttansa rajuittaan rajuittansa instructive — — comitative — rajuineen rajuinensa

Derived terms

• railakas
• rajusti
• rajuus

compounds

• rajuilma
• rajuluonteinen
• rajuotteinen

Further reading

• “raju”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *raju. Cognates include Finnish raju and Estonian raju.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈrɑju/, [ˈrɑjuˑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈrɑju/, [ˈrɑjuˑ]
• Rhymes: -ɑju
• Hyphenation: ra‧ju

Adjective

raju (comparative rajump)

1. fierce
2. harsh

Declension

Declension of raju (type 4/koivu, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	raju	rajut
genitive	rajun	raijuin, rajuloin
partitive	raijua	rajuja, rajuloja
illative	raijuu	raijui, rajuloihe
inessive	rajus	rajuis, rajulois
elative	rajust	rajuist, rajuloist
allative	rajulle	rajuille, rajuloille
adessive	rajul	rajuil, rajuloil
ablative	rajult	rajuilt, rajuloilt
translative	rajuks	rajuiks, rajuloiks
essive	rajunna, raijuun	rajuinna, rajuloinna, raijuin, rajuloin
exessive1)	rajunt	rajuint, rajuloint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

• (harsh): kova, valju, valjo

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 463

Latvian

Noun

raju f

1. inflection of raja:
   1. accusative/instrumental singular
   2. genitive plural

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈra.ju/
• Rhymes: -aju
• Syllabification: ra‧ju

Noun

raju m inan

1. genitive/locative/vocative singular of raj