я

See also: Я, я̆, and Appendix:Variations of "r"

я	U+044F, я CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA

← ю
[U+044E]

Cyrillic

ѐ →
[U+0450]

Translingual[edit]

Letter[edit]

я (upper case Я)

A letter in the Cyrillic alphabet.

Gallery[edit]

Letter styles
Cyrillic letter Я я, normal above, italics below.
Handwritten forms

Belarusian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

Declension[edit]

Declension of Belarusian personal pronouns

	singular					plural			reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person			1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	1st person	2nd person	m	n	f	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	я (ja)	ты (ty)	ён (jón)	яно́ ‎(janó)	яна́ ‎(janá)	мы ‎(my)	вы ‎(vy)	яны́ ‎(janý)
genitive	мяне́ (mjanjé)	цябе́ (cjabjé)	яго́ ‎(jahó)		яе́ ‎(jajé)	нас (nas)	вас (vas)	іх ‎(ix)	сябе́ (sjabjé)
dative	мне (mnje)	табе́ ‎(tabjé)	яму́ ‎(jamú)		ёй (jój)	нам ‎(nam)	вам ‎(vam)	ім (im)	сабе́ ‎(sabjé)
accusative	мяне́ ‎(mjanjé)	цябе́ ‎(cjabjé)	яго́ (jahó)		яе́ ‎(jajé)	нас ‎(nas)	вас ‎(vas)	іх (ix)	сябе́ (sjabjé)
instrumental	мной, мно́ю ‎(mnoj, mnóju)	табо́й, табо́ю (tabój, tabóju)	ім (im)		ёй, ёю (jój, jóju)	на́мі ‎(námi)	ва́мі ‎(vámi)	і́мі (ími)	сабо́й, сабо́ю (sabój, sabóju)
locative	мне (mnje)	табе́ (tabjé)	ім (im)		ёй (jój)	нас (nas)	вас (vas)	іх (ix)	сабе́ ‎(sabjé)

Bulgarian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

(stressed) IPA^(key): [ja̟]
(unstressed) IPA^(key): /jə/

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja) f

Short form of the third-person singular feminine pronoun in the accusative case, used as the direct object of a verb, translated as her when the noun is animate, and as it when the noun is inanimate.
Познаваш ли я?
Poznavaš li ja?
Do you know her?

Беше я срам от поведението ѝ.
Beše ja sram ot povedenieto ì.
She was ashamed of her behaviour.

Стефан смачка бележката на топка и я хвърли в огъня.
Stefan smačka beležkata na topka i ja hvǎrli v ogǎnja.
Stefan crumpled the note up into a ball and threw it on the fire.

Related terms[edit]

Bulgarian personal pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative (subject)	Accusative (direct complement)		Dative (indirect complement)		Prepositional
Number	Person	Gender	Nominative (subject)	Full	Short	Full	Short	Prepositional
Singular	First	—	аз (az)	мен (men) ме́не (méne)	ме (me)	ме́не (méne)	ми (mi)	мен (men) ме́не (méne)
	Second	Informal	ти (ti)	теб (teb) те́бе (tébe)	те (te)	те́бе (tébe)	ти (ti)	теб (teb) те́бе (tébe)
	Second	Formal	Ви́е (Víe)	Вас (Vas)	Ви (Vi)	Вам (Vam)	Ви (Vi)	Вас (Vas)
	Third	Masculine	той (toj)	не́го (négo)	го (go)	не́му (nému)	му (mu)	не́го (négo)
		Feminine	тя (tja)	не́я (néja)	я (ja)	ней (nej)	ѝ (ì)	не́я (néja)
		Neuter	то (to)	не́го (négo)	го (go)	не́му (nému)	му (mu)	не́го (négo)
Plural	First	—	ни́е (níe) ний (nij)	нас (nas)	ни (ni)	нам (nam)	ни (ni)	нас (nas)
	Second	Informal	ви́е (víe) вий (vij)	вас (vas)	ви (vi)	вам (vam)	ви (vi)	вас (vas)
	Second	Formal	Ви́е (Víe)	Вас (Vas)	Ви (Vi)	Вам (Vam)	Ви (Vi)	Вас (Vas)
	Third	—	те (te)	тях (tjah)	ги (gi)	тям (tjam)	им (im)	тях (tjah)

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): [ja̟]

Letter[edit]

я • (ja) (lower case, upper case Я)

The thirtieth and last letter of the Bulgarian Cyrillic alphabet. Its name is я /ja/, it indicates palatalization when used after a consonant and the semivowel /j/ + the vowel /a/, otherwise. It is preceded by Ю.

Particle[edit]

я • (ja)

(colloquial) Used in imperative sentence for emphasis.
Я да видя!
Ja da vidja!
Let me see!

Я ти да се махаш от тук!
Ja ti da se mahaš ot tuk!
Out of the way, you!
(colloquial) Used to emphasize that what has just been said is true.
A: Няма повече мляко в хладилника.
B: Няма, я!
A: Njama poveče mljako v hladilnika.
B: Njama, ja!
A: There isn't any milk left in the fridge.
B: You're damn right there isn't!

Conjunction[edit]

я • (ja)

(colloquial) Used to introduce two alternative options; either, or.
Я има вода, я няма.
Ja ima voda, ja njama.
Either there is water or there isn't.

Я се върне, я не.
Ja se vǎrne, ja ne.
He'll either come back or he won't.

Interjection[edit]

я • (ja)

Used to express surprise, wonder or amazement; oh.
Я, не знаех, че си бил тук.
Ja, ne znaeh, če si bil tuk.
Oh, I didn't know you were here.

Я, колко хубави цветя!
Ja, kolko hubavi cvetja!
Oh, how beautiful these flowers are!

Kazakh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

(phoneme) IPA^(key): /jɑ/

Letter[edit]

я • (ya) (lower case, upper case Я)

The forty-second letter of the Kazakh Cyrillic alphabet

Russian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): [ja]
Audio
(file)
Rhymes: -a

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Ya (Cyrillic)

Wikipedia

я • (ja) (lower case, upper case Я)

The thirty-third and final letter of the Russian Cyrillic alphabet. Its name is я (ja) and it has the sound of English ya in yard. It is preceded by the letter Ю (Ju).

Noun[edit]

я • (ja) n inan (indeclinable)

The Cyrillic letter Я (Ja), я (ja).

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

I (first-person singular subject pronoun)
Я ру́сский ― Ja rússkij ― I am Russian.

Declension[edit]

Declension of Russian personal pronouns

	singular					plural			reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person			1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	1st person	2nd person	m	n	f	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	я (ja)	ты (ty)	он (on)	оно́ (onó)	она́ (oná)	мы (my)	вы (vy)	они́⁵ (oní)
genitive	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́, него́¹ ² (jevó, nevó¹ ²)		её, неё¹ (jejó, nejó¹)	нас (nas)	вас (vas)	их, них¹ (ix, nix¹)	себя́ (sebjá)
dative	мне (mne)	тебе́ (tebé)	ему́, нему́¹ (jemú, nemú¹)		ей, ней¹ (jej, nej¹)	нам (nam)	вам (vam)	им, ним¹ (im, nim¹)	себе́ (sebé)
accusative	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́, него́¹ ² (jevó, nevó¹ ²)		её, неё¹ (jejó, nejó¹)	нас (nas)	вас (vas)	их, них¹ (ix, nix¹)	себя́ (sebjá)
instrumental	мной, мно́ю⁴ (mnoj, mnóju⁴)	тобо́й, тобо́ю⁴ (tobój, tobóju⁴)	им, ним¹ (im, nim¹)		ей, е́ю⁴, ней¹, не́ю¹ ⁴ (jej, jéju⁴, nej¹, néju¹ ⁴)	на́ми (námi)	ва́ми (vámi)	и́ми, ни́ми¹ (ími, ními¹)	собо́й, собо́ю⁴ (sobój, sobóju⁴)
prepositional³	мне (mne)	тебе́ (tebé)	нём¹ (njom¹)		ней¹ (nej¹)	нас (nas)	вас (vas)	них¹ (nix¹)	себе́ (sebé)
The alternative forms starting with "н-" (n-) are used after a preposition. Letter "г" (g) in the genitive/accusative case ending is pronounced as /v/ The prepositional case is never used without a preposition Instrumental forms ending in "-ю" (ju) are either dated, poetic, or dialectal. Archaic feminine form: оне́ (oné)

Pre-1918 declension of Russian personal pronouns

	singular					plural				reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person			1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	1st person	2nd person	m	n	f	1st person	2nd person	m or n	f
nominative	я (ja)	ты (ty)	онъ (on)	оно́ (onó)	она́ (oná)	мы (my)	вы (vy)	они́ (oní)	онѣ́ (oně́)
genitive	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́, него́¹ ² (jegó, negó¹ ²)		ея́, нея́¹ (jejá, nejá¹)	насъ (nas)	васъ (vas)	ихъ, нихъ¹ (ix, nix¹)		себя́ (sebjá)
dative	мнѣ (mně)	тебѣ́ (tebě́)	ему́, нему́¹ (jemú, nemú¹)		ей, ней¹ (jej, nej¹)	намъ (nam)	вамъ (vam)	им, ним¹ (im, nim¹)		себѣ́ (sebě́)
accusative	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́, него́¹ ² (jegó, negó¹ ²)		её, неё¹ (jejó, nejó¹)	насъ (nas)	васъ (vas)	ихъ, нихъ¹ (ix, nix¹)		себя́ (sebjá)
instrumental	мной, мно́ю (mnoj, mnóju⁴)	тобо́й, тобо́ю (tobój, tobóju⁴)	им, ним¹ (im, nim¹)		ей, е́ю⁴, ней¹, не́ю¹ ⁴ (jej, jéju⁴, nej¹, néju¹ ⁴)	на́ми (námi)	ва́ми (vámi)	и́ми, ни́ми¹ (ími, ními¹)		собо́й, собо́ю⁴ (sobój, sobóju⁴)
prepositional³	мнѣ (mně)	тебѣ́ (tebě́)	нёмъ¹ (njom¹)		ней¹ (nej¹)	насъ (nas)	васъ (vas)	нихъ¹ (nix¹)		себѣ́ (sebě́)
The alternative forms starting with "н-" (n-) are used after a preposition. Letter "г" (g) in the genitive/accusative case ending is pronounced as /v/ The prepositional case is never used without a preposition Instrumental forms ending in "-ю" (ju) are either dated, poetic, or dialectal.

Related terms[edit]

мой (moj)
свой (svoj)

Rusyn[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

я • (ja)

The thirty-fourth letter of the Rusyn Cyrillic alphabet. It is preceded by Ю.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

I (first-person singular subject pronoun)
Я руси́н, був, єсьм, і бу́ду.
Ja rusýn, buv, jesʹm, i búdu.
I was Rusyn, I am Rusyn and I will be Rusyn.

Related terms[edit]

мой (moj)
свой (svoj)

Ukrainian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Audio
(file)
IPA^(key): [ˈjɑ]

Etymology 1[edit]

From older form яз (jaz), язъ (jazʺ), from Old East Slavic ꙗзъ (jazŭ), from Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

I (first-person singular subject pronoun)
(psychology) ego

Declension[edit]

Declension of Ukrainian personal pronouns

	singular					plural			reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person			1st person	2nd person	3rd person
	1st person	2nd person	m	n	f	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
nominative	я (ja)	ти (ty)	він (vin)	воно́ (vonó)	вона́ (voná)	ми (my)	ви (vy)	вони́ (voný)
genitive	мене́, ме́не* ‎(mené, méne*)	тебе́, те́бе* ‎(tebé, tébe*)	його́, ньо́го* (johó, nʹóho*)		її́, не́ї* ‎(jijí, néji*)	нас ‎(nas)	вас (vas)	їх, них* (jix, nyx*)	себе́, се́бе* (sebé, sébe*)
dative	мені́ (mení)	тобі́ ‎(tobí)	йому́ ‎(jomú)		їй ‎(jij)	нам ‎(nam)	вам (vam)	їм (jim)	собі́ ‎(sobí)
accusative	мене́, ме́не* (mené, méne*)	тебе́, те́бе* (tebé, tébe*)	його́, ньо́го* ‎(johó, nʹóho*)		її́, не́ї* ‎(jijí, néji*)	нас ‎(nas)	вас (vas)	їх, них* ‎(jix, nyx*)	себе́, се́бе* ‎(sebé, sébe*)
instrumental	мно́ю (mnóju)	тобо́ю ‎(tobóju)	ним (nym)		не́ю ‎(néju)	на́ми (námy)	ва́ми ‎(vámy)	ни́ми (nýmy)	собо́ю ‎(sobóju)
locative	мені́ ‎(mení)	тобі́ ‎(tobí)	ньо́му, нім (nʹómu, nim)		ній (nij)	нас ‎(nas)	вас (vas)	них (nyx)	собі́ ‎(sobí)
* The alternative forms with stress retraction and with an initial н- (n-) in the third person are used after a preposition.

Etymology 2[edit]

Letter[edit]

я • (ja) (lower case, upper case Я)

The thirty-third letter of the Ukrainian Cyrillic alphabet. It is preceded by Ю (Ju).

References[edit]

Melʹnyčuk O. S., editor (2012), “я”, in Etymolohičnyj slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume VI, Kyjiv: Naukova Dumka, page 529
я in I. K. Bilodid, editor (1970–1980) Slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Dictionary of the Ukrainian language], Kyjiv

я

Translingual[edit]

Letter[edit]

Gallery[edit]

Belarusian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Declension[edit]

See also[edit]

Bulgarian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

Particle[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

Interjection[edit]

Kazakh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

See also[edit]

Russian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Declension[edit]

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Rusyn[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Ukrainian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Declension[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Letter[edit]

References[edit]

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