я

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: Я, я̆, and Appendix:Variations of "r"
Cirila-я-minuskla.svg
я U+044F, я
CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA
← ю
[U+044E] 		Cyrillic ѐ →
[U+0450]

Translingual[edit]

Letter[edit]

я (upper case Я)

  1. A letter in the Cyrillic alphabet.

Gallery[edit]

  • Letter styles

  • Cyrillic letter Я я, normal above, italics below.

  • Handwritten forms

Belarusian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)

Declension[edit]

Declension of Belarusian personal pronouns
singular plural reflexive
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m n f
nominative я
(ja) 		ты
(ty) 		ён
(jón) 		яно́
‎(janó) 		яна́
‎(janá) 		мы
‎(my) 		вы
‎(vy) 		яны́
‎(janý)
genitive мяне́
(mjanjé) 		цябе́
(cjabjé) 		яго́
‎(jahó) 		яе́
‎(jajé) 		нас
(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		іх
‎(ix) 		сябе́
(sjabjé)
dative мне
(mnje) 		табе́
‎(tabjé) 		яму́
‎(jamú) 		ёй
(jój) 		нам
‎(nam) 		вам
‎(vam) 		ім
(im) 		сабе́
‎(sabjé)
accusative мяне́
‎(mjanjé) 		цябе́
‎(cjabjé) 		яго́
(jahó) 		яе́
‎(jajé) 		нас
‎(nas) 		вас
‎(vas) 		іх
(ix) 		сябе́
(sjabjé)
instrumental мной, мно́ю
‎(mnoj, mnóju) 		табо́й, табо́ю
(tabój, tabóju) 		ім
(im) 		ёй, ёю
(jój, jóju) 		на́мі
‎(námi) 		ва́мі
‎(vámi) 		і́мі
(ími) 		сабо́й, сабо́ю
(sabój, sabóju)
locative мне
(mnje) 		табе́
(tabjé) 		ім
(im) 		ёй
(jój) 		нас
(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		іх
(ix) 		сабе́
‎(sabjé)

See also[edit]

Bulgarian[edit]

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja) f

  1. Short form of the third-person singular feminine pronoun in the accusative case, used as the direct object of a verb, translated as her when the noun is animate, and as it when the noun is inanimate.
    Познаваш ли я?
    Poznavaš li ja?
    Do you know her?
    Беше я срам от поведението ѝ.
    Beše ja sram ot povedenieto ì.
    She was ashamed of her behaviour.
    Стефан смачка бележката на топка и я хвърли в огъня.
    Stefan smačka beležkata na topka i ja hvǎrli v ogǎnja.
    Stefan crumpled the note up into a ball and threw it on the fire.
Related terms[edit]
Bulgarian personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Prepositional
Full Short Full Short
Singular First — аз (az) мен (men)
мене (méne) 		ме (me) мене (méne) ми (mi) мен (men)
мене (méne)
Second Informal ти (ti) теб (teb)
тебе (tébe) 		те (te) тебе (tébe) ти (ti) теб (teb)
тебе (tébe)
Formal Вие (Víe) Вас (Vas) Ви (Vi) Вам (Vam) Ви (Vi) Вас (Vas)
Third Masculine той (toj) него (négo) го (go) нему (nému) му (mu) него (négo)
Feminine тя (tja) нея (néja) я (ja) ней (nej) ѝ (ì) нея (néja)
Neuter то (to) него (négo) го (go) нему (nému) му (mu) него (négo)
Plural First — ние (níe)
ний (nij) 		нас (nas) ни (ni) нам (nam) ни (ni) нас (nas)
Second Informal вие (víe)
вий (vij) 		вас (vas) ви (vi) вам (vam) ви (vi) вас (vas)
Formal Вие (Víe) Вас (Vas) Ви (Vi) Вам (Vam) Ви (Vi) Вас (Vas)
Third — те (te) тях (tjah) ги (gi) тям (tjam) им (im) тях (tjah)

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Letter[edit]

я • (ja) (lower case, upper case Я)

  1. The thirtieth and last letter of the Bulgarian Cyrillic alphabet. Its name is я (ja), it indicates palatalization when used after a consonant and the semivowel j + the vowel a, otherwise. It is preceded by Ю.

Particle[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. (colloquial) Used in imperative sentence for emphasis.
    Я да видя!
    Ja da vidja!
    Let me see!
    Я ти да се махаш от тук!
    Ja ti da se mahaš ot tuk!
    Out of the way, you!
  2. (colloquial) Used to emphasize that what has just been said is true.
    A: Няма повече мляко в хладилника.
    B: Няма, я!
    A: Njama poveče mljako v hladilnika.
    B: Njama, ja!
    A: There isn't any milk left in the fridge.
    B: You're damn right there isn't!

Conjunction[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. (colloquial) Used to introduce two alternative options; either, or.
    Я има вода, я няма.
    Ja ima voda, ja njama.
    Either there is water or there isn't.
    Я се върне, я не.
    Ja se vǎrne, ja ne.
    He'll either come back or he won't.

Interjection[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. Used to express surprise, wonder or amazement; oh.
    Я, не знаех, че си бил тук.
    Ja, ne znaeh, če si bil tuk.
    Oh, I didn't know you were here.
    Я, колко хубави цветя!
    Ja, kolko hubavi cvetja!
    Oh, how beautiful these flowers are!

Russian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ja]
  • Audio
    		(file)

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

я • (ja) (lower case, upper case Я)

  1. The thirty-third and final letter of the Russian Cyrillic alphabet. Its name is я (ja) and it has the sound of English ya in yard. It is preceded by the letter Ю (Ju).
See also[edit]
  • Search en.wiktionary.org for articles beginning with: Я, я

Noun[edit]

я • (ja) n inan (indeclinable)

  1. The Cyrillic letter Я (Ja), я (ja).

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)
    Я ру́сский ― Ja rússkij ― I am Russian.
Declension[edit]
Declension of Russian personal pronouns
singular plural reflexive
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m n f
nominative я
(ja) 		ты
(ty) 		он
(on) 		оно́
(onó) 		она́
(oná) 		мы
(my) 		вы
(vy) 		они́
(oní)
genitive меня́
(menjá) 		тебя́
(tebjá) 		его́, него́1 2
(jevó, nevó1 2) 		её, неё1
(jejó, nejó1) 		нас
(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		их, них1
(ix, nix1) 		себя́
(sebjá)
dative мне
(mne) 		тебе́
(tebé) 		ему́, нему́1
(jemú, nemú1) 		ей, ней1
(jej, nej1) 		нам
(nam) 		вам
(vam) 		им, ним1
(im, nim1) 		себе́
(sebé)
accusative меня́
(menjá) 		тебя́
(tebjá) 		его́, него́1 2
(jevó, nevó1 2) 		её, неё1
(jejó, nejó1) 		нас
(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		их, них1
(ix, nix1) 		себя́
(sebjá)
instrumental мной, мно́ю4
(mnoj, mnóju4) 		тобо́й, тобо́ю4
(tobój, tobóju4) 		им, ним1
(im, nim1) 		ей, е́ю4, ней1, не́ю1 4
(jej, jéju4, nej1, néju1 4) 		на́ми
(námi) 		ва́ми
(vámi) 		и́ми, ни́ми1
(ími, ními1) 		собо́й, собо́ю4
(sobój, sobóju4)
prepositional3 мне
(mne) 		тебе́
(tebé) 		нём1
(njom1) 		ней1
(nej1) 		нас
(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		них1
(nix1) 		себе́
(sebé)
  1. The alternative forms starting with "н-" (n-) are used after a preposition.
  2. Letter "г" (g) in the genitive/accusative case ending is pronounced as /v/
  3. The prepositional case is never used without a preposition
  4. Instrumental forms ending in "-ю" (ju) are either dated, poetic, or dialectal.
Pre-1918 declension of Russian personal pronouns
singular plural reflexive
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m n f m, n f
nominative я
(ja) 		ты
(ty) 		онъ
(on) 		оно́
(onó) 		она́
(oná) 		мы
(my) 		вы
(vy) 		они́
(oní) 		онѣ́
(oně́)
genitive меня́
(menjá) 		тебя́
(tebjá) 		его́, него́1 2
(jegó, negó1 2) 		ея́, нея́1
(jejá, nejá1) 		насъ
(nas) 		васъ
(vas) 		ихъ, нихъ1
(ix, nix1) 		себя́
(sebjá)
dative мнѣ
(mně) 		тебѣ́
(tebě́) 		ему́, нему́1
(jemú, nemú1) 		ей, ней1
(jej, nej1) 		намъ
(nam) 		вамъ
(vam) 		им, ним1
(im, nim1) 		себѣ́
(sebě́)
accusative меня́
(menjá) 		тебя́
(tebjá) 		его́, него́1 2
(jegó, negó1 2) 		её, неё1
(jejó, nejó1) 		насъ
(nas) 		васъ
(vas) 		ихъ, нихъ1
(ix, nix1) 		себя́
(sebjá)
instrumental мной, мно́ю
(mnoj, mnóju4) 		тобо́й, тобо́ю
(tobój, tobóju4) 		им, ним1
(im, nim1) 		ей, е́ю4, ней1, не́ю1 4
(jej, jéju4, nej1, néju1 4) 		на́ми
(námi) 		ва́ми
(vámi) 		и́ми, ни́ми1
(ími, ními1) 		собо́й, собо́ю4
(sobój, sobóju4)
prepositional3 мнѣ
(mně) 		тебѣ́
(tebě́) 		нёмъ1
(njom1) 		ней1
(nej1) 		насъ
(nas) 		васъ
(vas) 		нихъ1
(nix1) 		себѣ́
(sebě́)
  1. The alternative forms starting with "н-" (n-) are used after a preposition.
  2. Letter "г" (g) in the genitive/accusative case ending is pronounced as /v/
  3. The prepositional case is never used without a preposition
  4. Instrumental forms ending in "-ю" (ju) are either dated, poetic, or dialectal.
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]

Rusyn[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. The thirty-fourth letter of the Rusyn Cyrillic alphabet. It is preceded by Ю.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)
    Я руси́н, був, єсьм, і бу́ду.
    Ja rusýn, buv, jesʹm, i búdu.
    I was Rusyn, I am Rusyn and I will be Rusyn.
Related terms[edit]

Ukrainian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From older form язъ (jazʺ), from Old East Slavic азъ (azŭ), from Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

я • (ja)

  1. I (first-person singular subject pronoun)
  2. (psychology) ego
Declension[edit]
Declension of Ukrainian personal pronouns
singular plural reflexive
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
m n f
nominative я
(ja) 		ти
(ty) 		він
(vin) 		воно́
(vonó) 		вона́
(voná) 		ми
(my) 		ви
(vy) 		вони́
(voný)
genitive мене́, ме́не*
‎(mené, méne*) 		тебе́, те́бе*
‎(tebé, tébe*) 		його́, ньо́го*
(johó, nʹóho*) 		її́, не́ї*
‎(jijí, néji*) 		нас
‎(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		їх, них*
(jix, nyx*) 		себе́, се́бе*
(sebé, sébe*)
dative мені́
(mení) 		тобі́
‎(tobí) 		йому́
‎(jomú) 		їй
‎(jij) 		нам
‎(nam) 		вам
(vam) 		їм
(jim) 		собі́
‎(sobí)
accusative мене́, ме́не*
(mené, méne*) 		тебе́, те́бе*
(tebé, tébe*) 		його́, ньо́го*
‎(johó, nʹóho*) 		її́, не́ї*
‎(jijí, néji*) 		нас
‎(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		їх, них*
‎(jix, nyx*) 		себе́, се́бе*
‎(sebé, sébe*)
instrumental мно́ю
(mnóju) 		тобо́ю
‎(tobóju) 		ним
(nym) 		не́ю
‎(néju) 		на́ми
(námy) 		ва́ми
‎(vámy) 		ни́ми
(nýmy) 		собо́ю
‎(sobóju)
locative мені́
‎(mení) 		тобі́
‎(tobí) 		ньо́му, нім
(nʹómu, nim) 		ній
(nij) 		нас
‎(nas) 		вас
(vas) 		них
(nyx) 		собі́
‎(sobí)

* The alternative forms with stress retraction and with an initial н- (n-) in the third person are used after a preposition.

Etymology 2[edit]

Letter[edit]

я • (ja) (lower case, upper case Я)

  1. The thirty-third letter of the Ukrainian Cyrillic alphabet. It is preceded by Ю (Ju).

References[edit]

  • Melʹnyčuk O. S., editor (2012), “я”, in Etymolohičnyj slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume VI, Kiev: Naukova Dumka, page 529
  • Bilodid I. K., editor (1970–1980), “я”, in Slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy, Kiev: Naukova Dumka
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=я&oldid=49963677"