им

See also: им. and Appendix:Variations of "im"

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [im]

Pronoun

им • (im) (personal, possessive)

1. Short form of the third-person plural pronoun in the dative case, used as the indirect object of a verb; to them, for them, them.

   Дай им го.

   Daj im go.

   Give it to them.

   Вярваш ли им?

   Vjarvaš li im?

   Do you believe them?

   Трудно им е да се съсредоточат.

   Trudno im e da se sǎsredotočat.

   It's difficult for them to concentrate.

2. Short form of the third-person plural possessive pronoun; their.

   Синът им е на пет години.

   Sinǎt im e na pet godini.

   Their son is five years old.

Related terms

Bulgarian personal pronouns

			nominative (subject)	accusative (direct complement)		dative (indirect complement)		prepositional
				full	short	full	short
singular	first person		аз (az)	мен (men) ме́не (méne)	ме (me)	ме́не (méne)	ми (mi)	мен (men) ме́не (méne)
	second person	informal	ти (ti)	теб (teb) те́бе (tébe)	те (te)	те́бе (tébe)	ти (ti)	теб (teb) те́бе (tébe)
		formal	Ви́е (Víe)	Вас (Vas)	Ви (Vi)	Вам (Vam)	Ви (Vi)	Вас (Vas)
	third person	masculine	той (toj)	не́го (négo)	го (go)	не́му (nému)	му (mu)	не́го (négo)
		feminine	тя (tja)	не́я (néja)	я (ja)	ней (nej)	ѝ (ì)	не́я (néja)
		neuter	то (to)	не́го (négo)	го (go)	не́му (nému)	му (mu)	не́го (négo)
plural	first person		ни́е (níe) ний (nij)	нас (nas)	ни (ni)	нам (nam)	ни (ni)	нас (nas)
	second person	informal	ви́е (víe) вий (vij)	вас (vas)	ви (vi)	вам (vam)	ви (vi)	вас (vas)
		formal	Ви́е (Víe)	Вас (Vas)	Ви (Vi)	Вам (Vam)	Ви (Vi)	Вас (Vas)
	third person		те (te)	тях (tjah)	ги (gi)	тям (tjam)	им (im)	тях (tjah)

Bulgarian possessive pronouns

possessor		singular	plural
first person (my, our)		мой (moj)	наш (naš)
second person (your)	informal	твой (tvoj)	ваш (vaš)
	formal	Ваш (Vaš)
third person (his, her, its, their)	masculine	не́гов (négov)	те́хен (téhen)
	feminine	не́ин (néin)
	neuter	не́гов (négov)
reflexive		свой (svoj)

This table presents the masculine singular indefinite (lemma) forms only. Visit the individual entries to study all forms.

Anagrams

• ми (mi)

Ket

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *im (“cedar nuts”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [iˑm˧]

Noun

им (īm) n (no plural)

1. nuts, nut kernels (specifically that those of Siberian cedar trees)

Further reading

• Werner, Heinrich (2002), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 393
• Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, pages 208-209

Khakas

Noun

им • (im)

1. medicine, drug

Derived terms

• имнирге (imnirge, “to heal”)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [im]

Pronoun

им • (im)

1. Short indirect object form of тие (tie).

Pannonian Rusyn

Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak im, from Proto-Slavic *jimъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈim]
• Rhymes: -im
• Hyphenation: им

Pronoun

им (im)

1. alternative form of їм (jim): dative of вони (voni)

Usage notes

• Used as the unstressed short form.

Declension

Pannonian Rusyn personal pronouns

	singular						plural				reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person				1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			m	n	f
nominative	я (ja)	ти (ti)	вон (von)	воно (vono)	вона (vona)		ми (mi)	ви (vi)	вони (voni)
genitive	мнє, ме 1 ‎(mnje, me)	тебе, це 1 ‎(tebe, ce)	його 1, нього 2, ньго 2, го 1 (joho, nʹoho, nʹho, ho)		єй 1, нєй  2 ‎(jej, njej)		нас ‎(nas)	вас (vas)	їх 1, нїх 2, их 3 (jix, njix, ix)		себе (sebe)
dative	мнє, ми (mnje, mi)	тебе, ци ‎(tebe, ci)	йому 4, ньому 2, му ‎(jomu, nʹomu, mu)		єй, нєй 2 ‎(jej, njej)		нам ‎(nam)	вам (vam)	їм 4, нїм 2, им 3 (jim, njim, im)		себе (sebe)
accusative	мнє, ме ‎(mnje, me)	тебе, це ‎(tebe, ce)	його 4, нього 2, ньго 2, го (joho, nʹoho, nʹho, ho)		ю, ню 2 ‎(ju, nju)		нас ‎(nas)	вас (vas)	їх 4, нїх 2, их 3 (jix, njix, ix)		себе (sebe)
instrumental 5	мну (mnu)	тобу ‎(tobu)	нїм (njim)		ню ‎(nju)		нами (nami)	вами ‎(vami)	нїма (njima)		собу ‎(sobu)
locative 5	мнє ‎(mnje)	тебе, це ‎(tebe, ce)	нїм / ньому (njim / n'omu)		нєй (njej)		нас ‎(nas)	вас (vas)	нїх (njix)		себе (sebe)

1. Used with reflexive verbs.
2. The alternative forms with an initial н- (n-) in the third person are used after a preposition.
3. The plural forms with an initial и- (i-) are unstressed.
4. The forms with an initial й- (j-) or ї- (ji-) in the third person non-feminine dative/accusative cases are used at the beginning of the sentence and when they are stressed.
5. The instrumental and locative cases are never used without a preposition.

Russian

Alternative forms

• имъ (im) — pre-1918 spelling
• ним (nim) — when used after a preposition

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [im]
• (dated or regional) IPA^(key): [jim]

• Audio (Saint Petersburg):

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

Pronoun

им • (im)

1. instrumental of он (on)
2. instrumental of оно́ (onó)
3. dative of они́ (oní)
4. dative of оне́ (oné)

Declension

Declension of Russian personal pronouns

	singular						plural				reflexive
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person				1st person	2nd person	3rd person
			m	n	f
nominative	я (ja)	ты (ty)	он (on)	оно́ (onó)	она́ (oná)		мы (my)	вы (vy)	они́ 1 (oní)		—
genitive	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́ 2, него́ 2 3 (jevó, nevó)		её 4, неё 3 4 (jejó, nejó)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	их, них 3 (ix, nix)		себя́ (sebjá)
dative	мне (mne)	тебе́ (tebé)	ему́, нему́ 3 (jemú, nemú)		ей, ней 3 (jej, nej)		нам (nam)	вам (vam)	им, ним 3 (im, nim)		себе́ (sebé)
accusative	меня́ (menjá)	тебя́ (tebjá)	его́ 2, него́ 2 3 (jevó, nevó)		её, неё 3 (jejó, nejó)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	их, них 3 (ix, nix)		себя́ (sebjá)
instrumental	мной, мно́ю 5 (mnoj, mnóju)	тобо́й, тобо́ю 5 (tobój, tobóju)	им, ним 3 (im, nim)		ей, ней 3, е́ю 5, не́ю 3 5 (jej, nej, jéju, néju)		на́ми (námi)	ва́ми (vámi)	и́ми, ни́ми 3 (ími, ními)		собо́й, собо́ю 5 (sobój, sobóju)
prepositional 6	мне (mne)	тебе́ (tebé)	нём 3 (njom)		ней 3 (nej)		нас (nas)	вас (vas)	них 3 (nix)		себе́ (sebé)

1. Archaic feminine form: оне́ (oné).
2. The letter г (g) in the genitive/accusative case ending is pronounced as /v/.
3. The alternative forms starting with н- (n-) are used after a preposition.
4. Archaic forms: ея́ (jejá), нея́ (nejá).
5. Instrumental forms ending in -ю (-ju) are either dated, poetic, or dialectal.
6. The prepositional case is never used without a preposition.

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /im/

Pronoun

им ? (Latin spelling im)

1. to them (clitic dative plural of о̑н (“he”))
2. to them (clitic dative plural of о̀но (“it”))
3. to them (clitic dative plural of о̀на (“she”))

Declension

Inflection of 3rd-person pronouns

	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	о̑н	о̀на	о̀но	о̀ни	о̀не	о̀на
genitive	ње̏га, га	ње̑, је	ње̏га, га	њи̑х, их	њи̑х, их	њи̑х, их
dative	ње̏му, му	њо̑ј, јој	ње̏му, му	њи̏ма, им	њи̏ма, им	њи̏ма, им
accusative	ње̏га, га, њ	њу̑, ју, је, њу	ње̏га, га, њ	њи̑х, их	њи̑х, их	њи̑х, их
vocative	—	—	—	—	—	—
locative	ње̏м, ње̏му	њо̑ј	ње̏м, ње̏му	њи̏ма	њи̏ма	њи̏ма
instrumental	њи̑м, њи́ме	њо̑м, њо́ме	њи̑м, њи́ме	њи̏ма	њи̏ма	њи̏ма

Yakut

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *ɨŋɨr (“twilight”).

Noun

им • (im)

1. dawn

   им бүтэйинэ барбыт ― im büteyine barbït ― he left before dawn

2. dusk

Derived terms

• им-балай (im-balay, “pitch darkness”)
• им-дьим (im-jim, “silence”)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *ïm.

Noun

им • (im)

1. tag, label

   Synonym: дьаралык (jaralïk)

2. (of livestock) brand