ili

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ili"

Languages (26)

Translingual

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Balantak • Cebuano • Esperanto • Hawaiian • Ido • Ilocano • Italian • Kabyle • Kamang • Kambera • Kankanaey • Karao • Latin • Lubuagan Kalinga • Manchu • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old Javanese • Roma • Sakizaya • Salar • Serbo-Croatian • Swahili • Tashelhit • Yami • Xibe

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Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

ili

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Ili Turki.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Ili Turki terms

Balantak

Verb

ili

1. (transitive) to buy

References

• Robert Busenitz & Daniel Bradbury (2016). Balantak Dictionary – ili. SIL International.

Cebuano

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: i‧li

Noun

ili

1. a cliff; a precipice

Esperanto

Etymology

From French ils or Latin illī, plus the i of personal pronouns.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈili/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Audio 3:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ili
• Syllabification: i‧li

Pronoun

ili (third person plural, accusative ilin, possessive ilia)

1. they; them

Derived terms

• iŝi

See also

Esperanto personal pronouns

		singular				plural
		nominative	accusative	possessive		nominative	accusative	possessive
first person		mi	min	mia		ni	nin	nia
second person	formal	vi	vin	via		vi	vin	via
	familiar1	ci	cin	cia
third person	masculine	li	lin	lia		ili iŝi2	ilin iŝin2	ilia iŝia2
	feminine	ŝi	ŝin	ŝia
	neuter	ĝi	ĝin	ĝia
	gender-neutral2	ri ŝli	rin ŝlin	ria ŝlia
	reflexive	si	sin	sia		si	sin	sia
indefinite		oni	onin	onia		oni	onin	onia

¹ Rare.

² Not widely used.

Further reading

• “ili”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “ili”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.li/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *hili (“to place or be placed atop something”).

Verb

ili(intransitive)

1. to run aground
2. to run over
3. (of the sun) to set
4. (figurative) to befall

Derived terms

• hoʻīli (causative)
• ilina (“tomb”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

ili

1. (intransitive) to inherit

Derived terms

• hoʻīli (causative)
• ilina (“heir”)

Noun

ili

1. inheritance

Further reading

• ili in Combined Hawaiian Dictionary, at trussel2.com.

Ido

Etymology

ilu (“he, him”) +‎ -i (“-s; plural”)

Pronoun

ili pl

1. they, them (masculine)

Related terms

• li (“they, them”)
• eli (“they, them”) (feminine)
• oli (“they, them”) (neuter)

Ilocano

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔili/ [ˈʔi.li]
• Hyphenation: i‧li

Noun

íli (plural il-ili, Kur-itan spelling ᜁᜎᜒ)

1. village
2. town

Conjugation

Possessive forms of ili

	singular	plural/distributive
1st singular	ilik	il-ilik
2nd singular	ilim	il-ilim
3rd singular	ilina	il-ilina
1st dual	ilita	il-ilita
1st plural exclusive	ilimi	il-ilimi
1st plural inclusive	ilitayo	il-ilitayo
2nd plural	iliyo	il-iliyo
3rd plural	ilida	il-ilida

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.li/
• Rhymes: -ili
• Hyphenation: ì‧li

Etymology 1

Noun

ili

1. plural of ilo

Etymology 2

Noun

ili m

1. plural of ilio

Kabyle

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Berber *ili.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ili/

Verb

ili

1. (copula) to be

   Ur yettili wergaz d izem, ulamma tella yemma-s d tasedda.

   A man is not a lion, even if his mother was a lioness.

2. (auxiliary) to be (forms progressive constructions)

   Lliɣ ttɛummeɣ. ― I was swimming.

   Ad tiliḍ ttetteḍ kra. ― You'll be eating something.

3. to exist

   Yella rebbi! ― God exists!

Usage notes

• The predicate noun phrase of this verb is often preceded by the copular predicative particle d.
• As a progressive auxiliary, ili is conjugated in the perfective or aorist. The modified verb is in the imperfective and agrees with the same subject as the copula.

References

• Association Culturelle Numidya (2025), “Amawal, dictionnaire kabyle-français en ligne”, in Amawal‎^[1], retrieved 2025
• Dallet, Jean-Marie (1982), Dictionnaire kabyle-français: parler des At Mangellat, Algérie (in French), Paris, France

Kamang

Noun

ili

1. water

   ili nung

   (multiple individual) waters (e.g. in separate pails)

References

• Marian Klamer, The Alor-Pantar languages: History and Typology (2014, →ISBN)

Kambera

Verb

ili

1. (intransitive) to be clean
2. (intransitive) to be clear

Derived terms

• paili

References

• Marian Klamer (1998), A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 179

Kankanaey

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʔili/ [ˈʔiː.li̞]
  • Rhymes: -ili
• (Sagada, parts of Sabangan) IPA^(key): /ˈʔiri/ [ˈʔiː.ri̞]
  • Rhymes: -iri
• Syllabification: i‧li

Noun

ili

1. home
2. village
3. (Baguio) homeland, referring to Mountain Province

Karao

Noun

ili

1. community where people live
2. home country

Latin

Noun

īlī n

1. dative/ablative singular of īle

Noun

īlī n

1. genitive singular of īlium

Lubuagan Kalinga

Noun

ili

1. town; barrio
2. country; nation

Manchu

Romanization

ili

1. romanization of ᡳᠯᡳ

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

ili f

1. (non-standard since 2012) definite singular of il

Old Javanese

Verb

ili

1. to flow

Roma

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈili/

Noun

ili

1. mountain

References

• Mark Taber, Toward a Better Understanding of the Indigenous Languages of Southwestern Maluku, in Oceanic Linguistics, vol. 32, no. 2 (Winter, 1993)

Sakizaya

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.ˈli/, [i.ˈli]

Noun

ili

1. Beaufortia leveretti (a kind of ray-finned fish)

Salar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *il (“front side”). Cognate with Yakut илин (ilin, “front (side)”). Related to Turkish ileri and ilk.

Pronunciation

• (Xunhua, Hualong, Qinghai; Gansu; Ili, Xinjiang) IPA^(key): /ili/
• (Ili, Xinjiang) IPA^(key): /ilæ/

Adverb

ili

1. front (side)
2. before

Derived terms

• iliden (“from the beginning”)
• iligi

References

• Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “ili, i:li, ele, eli, illi”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow: Nauka, page 337
• 马伟 [Ma Wei] (2016), “ili”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages ​​- Salar Language Studies], 青海 [Qīnghǎi, Qinghai]: 青海师范大学 [Qinghai Normal University], unpublished finalized project manuscript (国家社会科学基金项目结项稿, 定稿; National Social Science Fund of China), pages 261, 299
• Yakup, Abdurishid (2002), “ilɛ-dɛn”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon‎^[2], Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 118
• 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1985), “ili, ili jɑnɘ”, in 撒拉语简志 [A Brief History of Salar]‎^[3], Beijing: 民族出版社: 琴書店, →OCLC, page 118

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From i + li.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /îli/

Conjunction

ȉli (Cyrillic spelling и̏ли)

1. or
2. either
3. otherwise, or else

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?].

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Conjunction

ili

1. in order that, so that

Tashelhit

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ili/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Berber *ili (“to be, to exist”).

Verb

ili (perfective lla or lli, imperfective ttili, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵍⵉ, Arabic spelling ايلي)

1. to be

   ماني غ يلّا؟ ― mani ɣ illa? ― Where is he?

   لّيغ غ تڭمّي. ― lliɣ ɣ tgmmi. ― I'm at the house.

2. to exist
3. to have [with dar]

   مية الدرهم كا اد داري يلّان.

   mya ddrhm ka ad dari illan.

   I only have 100 Dirhams.

   (literally, “Only a 100 dirhams exist with me”)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Berber *iliʔ (“to have, to possess”).

Verb

ili (perfective li or la, imperfective ttili, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵍⵉ, Arabic spelling ايلي)

1. to have, to possess

   ليغ تڭمّي يفولكين. ― liɣ tgmmi ifulkin. ― I have a beautiful house.

2. to marry, to wed

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ili m (plural alan, Tifinagh spelling ⵉⵍⵉ, Arabic spelling ايلي)

1. part, portion

   Synonym: amur

2. right (entitlement)
3. lot (something used in determining a question by chance)

Inflection

Inflection of ili

	singular	plural
free state	ili	alan
annexed state	ili	walan

References

• Stroomer, Harry (2025), Dictionnaire berbère tachelḥiyt-français — Tome 2 F–L (Handbook of Oriental Studies – Handbuch der Orientalistik; 188/2) (in French), Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 1090

Yami

Noun

ili

1. village; town

Xibe

Romanization

ili

1. romanization of ᡞᠯᡞ