viga

See also: vigā

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish viga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈviːɡə/
• Rhymes: -iːɡə

Noun

viga (plural vigas)

1. (New Mexico) A roughly-made rafter or roof timber, especially in a Latin American village
   • 1985, Cormac McCarthy, chapter IX, in Blood Meridian […] , →OCLC:

     The smoke spread along the sagging vigas above them and little streams of liquid clay started down from the sod roof.

   • 1992, Cormac McCarthy, All the Pretty Horses (The Border Trilogy; 1), New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf, →ISBN:

     The vigas were partly down and hunters or herdsmen had built fires in the floor.

Anagrams

• GAVI, vagi

Asturian

Noun

viga f (plural vigues)

1. beam

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vika, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *swiką (“deception”). Cognates include Votic, Ingrian, and Finnish vika (“ailment, disease; fault, error; fault; defect; disability; disorder; bad habit”), Livonian vigā (“error; disease; fault; cause”), Karelian, Livvi, and Veps viga (“defect; error; fault; cause”) and Inari Sami vahe (“mistake; injury; illness”) (from Proto-Samic *vëkē).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈviɡ̊ɑ/, [ˈviɡ̊ɑ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɡ̊ɑ
• Hyphenation: vi‧ga

Noun

viga (genitive vea, partitive viga)

1. mistake, error, fault (failure to comply with a rule, norm, standard, fact, etc., deviation from correct performance)
2. flaw, defect, blemish, drawback (being out of order)

   Mis sul viga on? ― What's wrong with you? (literally, “What is your flaw?”)

   1. malaise; disease; injury

      Ärge tehke talle viga! ― Don't hurt him! (literally, “Don't make him any injuries!”)

3. lack, deficiency (something that prevents from being perfect, a disturbing quality, tendency, or phenomenon, a weak or negative aspect)
4. fault, blame; cause, reason

Declension

Declension of viga (ÕS type 18u/sõda, g-ø gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		viga	vead
accusative	nom.
	gen.	vea
genitive			vigade
partitive		viga	vigu vigasid
illative		vikka veasse	vigadesse
inessive		veas	vigades
elative		veast	vigadest
allative		veale	vigadele
adessive		veal	vigadel
ablative		vealt	vigadelt
translative		veaks	vigadeks
terminative		veani	vigadeni
essive		veana	vigadena
abessive		veata	vigadeta
comitative		veaga	vigadega

Synonyms

• (flaw, defect): häire, rike
• (disease): haigus, tõbi, häda
• (lack): nõrkus, puudujääk, puudus
• (fault, blame): süü

Derived terms

• pole viga
• veatu
• viga saama
• vigane
• vigastama
• vigastuma

Compounds

• arvutusviga
• esindusviga
• faktiviga
• hooletusviga
• hääldusviga
• iluviga
• interpunktsiooniviga
• kangaviga
• kasvatusviga
• keeleviga
• kehaviga
• kirjavahemärgiviga
• kirjaviga
• komaviga
• lihtviga
• loogikaviga
• mõõteviga
• mõõtmisviga
• näpuviga
• ortograafiaviga
• pallinguviga
• puurimisviga
• pöiaviga
• rautusviga
• raviviga
• riideviga
• rühiviga
• ründeviga
• stiiliviga
• säritusviga
• süntaksiviga
• taktikaviga
• tallamisviga
• tehteviga
• trükiviga
• turvaviga
• tõestusviga
• tõlkeviga
• täheviga
• tüüpviga
• vaatlusviga
• viinaviga
• viiteviga
• vormiviga
• õigekirjaviga
• õmblusviga
• ümardusviga

• veaavastus
• vealipp
• veaprotsent
• veateade
• veatõrje
• vigaderohke

References

• viga in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
• “viga”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse vega (“to weigh”), from Proto-Germanic *weganą (“to carry, move, weigh”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéǵʰe-, *weǵʰ-.

Verb

viga (third person singular past indicative vigaði, third person plural past indicative vigaðu, supine vigað)

1. to weigh

Conjugation

Conjugation of viga (group v-30)

infinitive	viga
supine	vigað
	present	past
first singular	vigi	vigaði
second singular	vigar	vigaði
third singular	vigar	vigaði
plural	viga	vigaðu
participle (a6)1	vigandi	vigaður
	imperative
singular	viga!
plural	vigið!

¹Only the past participle being declined.

Italian

Verb

viga

1. third-person singular present subjunctive of vigere

Anagrams

• Gavi, vagì

Livonian

Noun

viga

1. Salaca form of vigā (“fault”)

References

• Andreas Johan Sjögren, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann (1861), Livisch-deutsches und deutsch-livisches Wörterbuch
• Pajusalu, Karl & Winkler, Eberhard, Salis-livisches Wörterbuch (2009). Eesti Teaduste Akadeemia. Tallinn.

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vika.

Noun

viga

1. flaw
2. defect

Nias

Noun

viga

1. mutated form of figa (“plate”)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.ɡɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.ɡɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.ɡa/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.ɡɐ/ [ˈvi.ɣɐ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.ɡɐ/ [ˈvi.ɣɐ]
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbi.ɡɐ/ [ˈbi.ɣɐ]

• Rhymes: -iɡɐ
• Hyphenation: vi‧ga

Etymology 1

Uncertain; probably from Latin bīga. Cognate with Spanish viga, Catalan and Occitan biga.

Noun

viga f (plural vigas)

1. (engineering) beam (linear part subject mainly to bending stresses; prismatic construction element made of reinforced concrete, wood, etc.)

   Synonym: trave

Derived terms

verbs

• vigar

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

viga

1. inflection of vigar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “viga”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “viga”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “viga”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

Uncertain; probably from Latin bīga (“tree-trunk”). Cognate with Portuguese viga, Catalan biga, Occitan biga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbiɡa/ [ˈbi.ɣ̞a]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɡa
• Syllabification: vi‧ga

Noun

viga f (plural vigas)

1. timber, beam, rafter, girder

Derived terms

• vigueta

Descendants

• → English: viga

Further reading

• “viga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvîː.ɡa/

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish vīghia, from Old Norse vígja, from Proto-Germanic *wīhijaną.

Verb

viga (present viger, preterite vigde, supine vigt, imperative vig)

1. to marry; to unite in wedlock or matrimony
2. to devote something for a specific purpose

   Han har vigt sitt liv åt att hjälpa andra.

   He has devoted his life to helping others.

3. to ordain; to admit into the ministry of a religion

   Synonym: ordinera

   • 2004, Anders Piltz, “Gunnar Rosendals verk”, in Signum‎^[1], number 4, archived from the original on 9 May 2021:

     Müller närde förhoppningar om att kunna viga honom till katolsk präst.

     Müller had hopes of being able to ordain him as a Catholic priest.

   • 2010, Lars Cavallin, transl., Katolska kyrkans katekes‎^[2], Catholica, archived from the original on 20 April 2025, §1580:

     I de orientaliska kyrkorna [...] kan gifta män vigas till präster och diakoner.

     In the Eastern Churches married men can be ordained as priests and deacons.

Inflection

Conjugation of viga (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	viga		vigas
supine	vigt		vigts
imperative	vig		—
imper. plural1	vigen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	viger	vigde	vigs, viges	vigdes
ind. plural1	viga	vigde	vigas	vigdes
subjunctive2	vige	vigde	viges	vigdes
present participle		vigande
past participle		vigd

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Related terms

• inviga
• ovigd
• prästviga
• vigning
• vigsel
• vigvatten

See also

• gifta

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

viga

1. inflection of vig:
   1. definite singular
   2. plural

References

• viga in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker

Anagrams

• giva

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vika.

Noun

viga

1. flaw
2. defect
3. failure, malfunction
4. damage
5. mistake

Inflection

Inflection of viga (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	viga
genitive sing.	vigan
partitive sing.	vigad
partitive plur.	vigoid
	singular	plural
nominative	viga	vigad
accusative	vigan	vigad
genitive	vigan	vigoiden
partitive	vigad	vigoid
essive-instructive	vigan	vigoin
translative	vigaks	vigoikš
inessive	vigas	vigoiš
elative	vigaspäi	vigoišpäi
illative	vigaha	vigoihe
adessive	vigal	vigoil
ablative	vigalpäi	vigoilpäi
allative	vigale	vigoile
abessive	vigata	vigoita
comitative	viganke	vigoidenke
prolative	vigadme	vigoidme
approximative I	viganno	vigoidenno
approximative II	vigannoks	vigoidennoks
egressive	vigannopäi	vigoidennopäi
terminative I	vigahasai	vigoihesai
terminative II	vigalesai	vigoilesai
terminative III	vigassai	—
additive I	vigahapäi	vigoihepäi
additive II	vigalepäi	vigoilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “брак, дефект, изъян, неисправность, ошибка, повод, повреждение, порок, упущение”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[3], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Volapük

Noun

viga

1. genitive singular of vig