брак

Belarusian

Alternative forms

• brak — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish brak, from Middle Low German brak (“flaw, defect; breaking”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [brak]
• Rhymes: -ak

Noun

брак • (brak) m inan (genitive бра́ку, uncountable)

1. lack, scarcity
2. defect

Declension

Declension of брак (inan sg-only velar masc-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	брак brak
genitive	бра́ку bráku
dative	бра́ку bráku
accusative	брак brak
instrumental	бра́кам brákam
locative	бра́ку bráku

Verb

брак • (brak)

1. (impersonal) lack of, there is/are no (+ genitive)

   брак бялку́ ― brak bjalkú ― protein deficiency

References

• “брак” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [brak]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ak

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-

Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti

Proto-Balto-Slavic *bírāˀtei

Proto-Slavic *bьrati

Proto-Indo-European *-kos

Proto-Slavic *-kъ

Proto-Slavic *borkъ

Old Church Slavonic бракъ (brakŭ)

Bulgarian брак

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic бракъ (brakŭ), from Proto-Slavic *borkъ.

Noun

брак • (brak) m (relational adjective бра́чен)

1. marriage, matrimony

Declension

Declension of брак

	singular	plural
indefinite	брак brak	бра́кове brákove
definite (subject form)	бра́кът brákǎt	бра́ковете brákovete
definite (object form)	бра́ка bráka
count form	—	бра́ка bráka

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

German Brackbor.

Bulgarian брак

Borrowed from German Brack (“scrap, garbage”).

Noun

брак • (brak) m

1. scrap, waste

Declension

Declension of брак

	singular
indefinite	брак brak
definite (subject form)	бра́кът brákǎt
definite (object form)	бра́ка bráka

Anagrams

• краб (krab)

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borkъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [brak]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

брак • (brak) m (relational adjective брачен)

1. marriage, matrimony

Declension

Declension of брак

	singular	plural
indefinite	брак (brak)	бракови (brakovi)
definite unspecified	бракот (brakot)	браковите (brakovite)
definite proximal	браков (brakov)	браковиве (brakovive)
definite distal	бракон (brakon)	браковине (brakovine)
vocative	браку (braku)	бракови (brakovi)
count form	—	брака (braka)

Russian

Alternative forms

• бракъ (brak) — pre-1918 spelling

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [brak]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Saint Petersburg):

  (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic бракъ (brakŭ), from Proto-Slavic *borkъ.

Noun

брак • (brak) m inan (genitive бра́ка, nominative plural бра́ки, genitive plural бра́ков, relational adjective бра́чный)

1. marriage, matrimony

Declension

Declension of брак (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	бра́к brák	бра́ки bráki
genitive	бра́ка bráka	бра́ков brákov
dative	бра́ку bráku	бра́кам brákam
accusative	бра́к brák	бра́ки bráki
instrumental	бра́ком brákom	бра́ками brákami
prepositional	бра́ке bráke	бра́ках brákax

Derived terms

• безбра́чие n (bezbráčije)

Compound words:

• бракоразво́дный (brakorazvódnyj)
• бракосочета́ние n (brakosočetánije)

Related terms

Close related:

• брачу́ющийся (bračújuščijsja)

Other:

• брать impf (bratʹ)

Etymology 2

Via Polish brak, from Middle Low German brak (“flaw, defect; breaking”). Compare modern cognates German Bruch and English break. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-, whence also Latin frangō (whence Russian фра́кция (frákcija), English fraction, frail, fragile).

Noun

брак • (brak) m inan (genitive бра́ка, nominative plural бра́ки, genitive plural бра́ков, diminutive брачо́к)

1. flaw, defect
2. (uncountable) defective goods, waste, spoilage, rejects

Declension

Declension of брак (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	бра́к brák	бра́ки bráki
genitive	бра́ка bráka	бра́ков brákov
dative	бра́ку bráku	бра́кам brákam
accusative	бра́к brák	бра́ки bráki
instrumental	бра́ком brákom	бра́ками brákami
prepositional	бра́ке bráke	бра́ках brákax
partitive	бра́ку bráku

Related terms

Close related:

• бракова́ть (brakovátʹ), забракова́ть (zabrakovátʹ)
• выбрако́вывать (vybrakóvyvatʹ), вы́браковать (výbrakovatʹ)
• отбрако́вывать (otbrakóvyvatʹ), отбракова́ть (otbrakovátʹ)
• брако́ванный (brakóvannyj)
• бракоде́л m anim (brakodél)

Others:

• бре́кчия f (brékčija)
• брешь f (brešʹ)
• бри́джи pl (brídži)
• брю́ки pl (brjúki)
• фра́кция f (frákcija)

Descendants

• → Uzbek: brak

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “брак”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “брак”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

Anagrams

• краб (krab)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borkъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /brâːk/

Noun

бра̑к m inan (Latin spelling brȃk)

1. marriage

Declension

Declension of брак

	singular	plural
nominative	бра̑к	бра̏кови
genitive	брака	бракова
dative	браку	браковима
accusative	брак	бракове
vocative	браку	бракови
locative	браку	браковима
instrumental	браком	браковима

Derived terms

• бра̑чнӣ

Ukrainian

Etymology

Via Polish brak, from Middle Low German brak (“flaw, defect; breaking”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [brak]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

брак • (brak) m inan (genitive бра́ку, nominative plural бра́ки, genitive plural бра́ків)

1. lack, scarcity
2. defect

Declension

Declension of брак
(inan velar masc-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	брак brak	бра́ки bráky
genitive	бра́ку bráku	бра́ків brákiv
dative	бра́кові, бра́ку brákovi, bráku	бра́кам brákam
accusative	брак brak	бра́ки bráky
instrumental	бра́ком brákom	бра́ками brákamy
locative	бра́ку bráku	бра́ках brákax
vocative	бра́ку bráku	бра́ки bráky

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “брак”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2025), “брак”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–15 (а – п'ять), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• “брак”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]