vika

See also: víka and вика

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Pijin vika, from Vangunu [Term?], a Solomon Islands language.

Noun

vika (plural vikas)

1. A large, tree-dwelling rodent (Uromys vika) found in the Solomon Islands

   Synonym: Vangunu giant rat

Translations

rodent

• German: Vangunu-Riesenratte

References

• Uromys vika on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Uromys vika on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Category:Uromys on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Anagrams

• Vaik, kiva

Esperanto

Alternative forms

• viĉa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvika/
• Rhymes: -ika
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Adjective

vika (accusative singular vikan, plural vikaj, accusative plural vikajn)

1. Wiccan

Related terms

• vikano (“a Wiccan”)
• Viko (“Wicca”)

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈviːka/
• Rhymes: -iːka

Noun

vika f (genitive singular viku, plural vikur)

1. week

Declension

f1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	vikur	vikurnar
accusative	viku	vikuna	vikur	vikurnar
dative	viku	vikuni	vikum	vikunum
genitive	viku	vikunnar	vika	vikanna

Derived terms

• vikuskifti (“weekend”)

Finnish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋikɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ikɑ
• Syllabification^(key): vi‧ka
• Hyphenation^(key): vi‧ka

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *vika, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *swiką. Cognate with Estonian viga.

Noun

vika

1. flaw, malfunction, failure, problem, defect

   Koneessa on vika.

   There is a malfunction in the machine.

   Kun hän näki vian, hän vain kohautti olkapäitään ja alkoi korjata sitä.

   When he saw the problem, he just shrugged and started fixing it.

2. fault, error, mistake

   Se on sinun vikasi.

   It is your fault.

3. flaw, stain (in character)

   Kaikissa meissä vikaa on.

   Everyone has their flaws.

4. (something) wrong

   Onko jokin vialla?

   Is something wrong?

   Älä valita! Ruoassasi ei ole mitään vikaa.

   Stop complaining! There's nothing wrong with your food.

   Kännykässäni on jotain vikaa.

   Something is wrong with my cellphone.

   Mikä minussa on vikana?

   What's wrong with me?

Declension

Inflection of vika (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation)
nominative		vika	viat
genitive		vian	vikojen
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vika	viat
accusative	nom.	vika	viat
	gen.	vian
genitive		vian	vikojen vikain rare
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
inessive		viassa	vioissa
elative		viasta	vioista
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
adessive		vialla	vioilla
ablative		vialta	vioilta
allative		vialle	vioille
essive		vikana	vikoina
translative		viaksi	vioiksi
abessive		viatta	vioitta
instructive		—	vioin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of vika (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vikani vikani accusative nom. vikani vikani gen. vikani genitive vikani vikojeni vikaini rare partitive vikaani vikojani inessive viassani vioissani elative viastani vioistani illative vikaani vikoihini adessive viallani vioillani ablative vialtani vioiltani allative vialleni vioilleni essive vikanani vikoinani translative viakseni vioikseni abessive viattani vioittani instructive — — comitative — vikoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vikasi vikasi accusative nom. vikasi vikasi gen. vikasi genitive vikasi vikojesi vikaisi rare partitive vikaasi vikojasi inessive viassasi vioissasi elative viastasi vioistasi illative vikaasi vikoihisi adessive viallasi vioillasi ablative vialtasi vioiltasi allative viallesi vioillesi essive vikanasi vikoinasi translative viaksesi vioiksesi abessive viattasi vioittasi instructive — — comitative — vikoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vikamme vikamme accusative nom. vikamme vikamme gen. vikamme genitive vikamme vikojemme vikaimme rare partitive vikaamme vikojamme inessive viassamme vioissamme elative viastamme vioistamme illative vikaamme vikoihimme adessive viallamme vioillamme ablative vialtamme vioiltamme allative viallemme vioillemme essive vikanamme vikoinamme translative viaksemme vioiksemme abessive viattamme vioittamme instructive — — comitative — vikoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vikanne vikanne accusative nom. vikanne vikanne gen. vikanne genitive vikanne vikojenne vikainne rare partitive vikaanne vikojanne inessive viassanne vioissanne elative viastanne vioistanne illative vikaanne vikoihinne adessive viallanne vioillanne ablative vialtanne vioiltanne allative viallenne vioillenne essive vikananne vikoinanne translative viaksenne vioiksenne abessive viattanne vioittanne instructive — — comitative — vikoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative vikansa vikansa accusative nom. vikansa vikansa gen. vikansa genitive vikansa vikojensa vikainsa rare partitive vikaansa vikojaan vikojansa inessive viassaan viassansa vioissaan vioissansa elative viastaan viastansa vioistaan vioistansa illative vikaansa vikoihinsa adessive viallaan viallansa vioillaan vioillansa ablative vialtaan vialtansa vioiltaan vioiltansa allative vialleen viallensa vioilleen vioillensa essive vikanaan vikanansa vikoinaan vikoinansa translative viakseen viaksensa vioikseen vioiksensa abessive viattaan viattansa vioittaan vioittansa instructive — — comitative — vikoineen vikoinensa

Derived terms

• viallinen
• viaton
• vikaantua
• -vikainen
• vikautua
• vikuri
• vikuuttaa
• vioittaa

compounds

• jalkavika
• kehitysvika
• konevika
• korkkivika
• korkkivikainen
• kulumisvika
• kuulovika
• käsivika
• laatuvika
• lahovika
• linjavika
• lonkkavika
• luonnevika
• läppävika
• mielenvikainen
• moottorivika
• nollavika
• pikkuvika
• pintavika
• puhevika
• purentavika
• rakennevika
• ryhtivika
• selkävika
• sukuvika
• sydänhermovika
• sydänvika
• syntymävika
• sähkövika
• taittovika
• tekovika
• tyyppivika
• valmistusvika
• valuvika
• verkkovika
• vianetsintä
• vianmääritys
• viansieto
• vikahälytys
• vikailmoitus
• vikakierre
• vikakoodi
• vikapaikka
• vikapisto
• vikapää
• vikasieto
• vikasietoisuus
• vikasietotila
• vikasoitto
• vikasuoja
• vikatiheys
• vikatikki
• vikatilanne
• vikatilasto
• vikaturvallinen
• vikavalo
• vikavirta
• värivika
• ärrävika
• ässävika

Further reading

• “1. vika”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023

Etymology 2

Clipping of viimeinen (“last”). See also -ka.

Adjective

vika (colloquial)

1. last

   Synonym: viimeinen

   Vikana hypännyt häviää.

   The one that jumps last loses.

Declension

Inflection of vika (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		vika	vikat
genitive		vikan	vikojen
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		vika	vikat
accusative	nom.	vika	vikat
	gen.	vikan
genitive		vikan	vikojen vikain rare
partitive		vikaa	vikoja
inessive		vikassa	vikoissa
elative		vikasta	vikoista
illative		vikaan	vikoihin
adessive		vikalla	vikoilla
ablative		vikalta	vikoilta
allative		vikalle	vikoille
essive		vikana	vikoina
translative		vikaksi	vikoiksi
abessive		vikatta	vikoitta
instructive		—	vikoin
comitative		—	vikoine

Possessive forms of vika (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vikani vikani accusative nom. vikani vikani gen. vikani genitive vikani vikojeni vikaini rare partitive vikaani vikojani inessive vikassani vikoissani elative vikastani vikoistani illative vikaani vikoihini adessive vikallani vikoillani ablative vikaltani vikoiltani allative vikalleni vikoilleni essive vikanani vikoinani translative vikakseni vikoikseni abessive vikattani vikoittani instructive — — comitative — vikoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative vikasi vikasi accusative nom. vikasi vikasi gen. vikasi genitive vikasi vikojesi vikaisi rare partitive vikaasi vikojasi inessive vikassasi vikoissasi elative vikastasi vikoistasi illative vikaasi vikoihisi adessive vikallasi vikoillasi ablative vikaltasi vikoiltasi allative vikallesi vikoillesi essive vikanasi vikoinasi translative vikaksesi vikoiksesi abessive vikattasi vikoittasi instructive — — comitative — vikoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vikamme vikamme accusative nom. vikamme vikamme gen. vikamme genitive vikamme vikojemme vikaimme rare partitive vikaamme vikojamme inessive vikassamme vikoissamme elative vikastamme vikoistamme illative vikaamme vikoihimme adessive vikallamme vikoillamme ablative vikaltamme vikoiltamme allative vikallemme vikoillemme essive vikanamme vikoinamme translative vikaksemme vikoiksemme abessive vikattamme vikoittamme instructive — — comitative — vikoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative vikanne vikanne accusative nom. vikanne vikanne gen. vikanne genitive vikanne vikojenne vikainne rare partitive vikaanne vikojanne inessive vikassanne vikoissanne elative vikastanne vikoistanne illative vikaanne vikoihinne adessive vikallanne vikoillanne ablative vikaltanne vikoiltanne allative vikallenne vikoillenne essive vikananne vikoinanne translative vikaksenne vikoiksenne abessive vikattanne vikoittanne instructive — — comitative — vikoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative vikansa vikansa accusative nom. vikansa vikansa gen. vikansa genitive vikansa vikojensa vikainsa rare partitive vikaansa vikojaan vikojansa inessive vikassaan vikassansa vikoissaan vikoissansa elative vikastaan vikastansa vikoistaan vikoistansa illative vikaansa vikoihinsa adessive vikallaan vikallansa vikoillaan vikoillansa ablative vikaltaan vikaltansa vikoiltaan vikoiltansa allative vikalleen vikallensa vikoilleen vikoillensa essive vikanaan vikanansa vikoinaan vikoinansa translative vikakseen vikaksensa vikoikseen vikoiksensa abessive vikattaan vikattansa vikoittaan vikoittansa instructive — — comitative — vikoineen vikoinensa

Derived terms

compounds

• tokavika

Further reading

• “2. vika”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023

Anagrams

• kiva

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɪːka/
• Rhymes: -ɪːka

Noun

vika f (genitive singular viku, nominative plural vikur)

1. week

   í þessari viku ― this week

   í næstu viku ― next week

   í síðustu viku ― last week

   Ég vildi fara í bókasafnið (í) síðustu viku. ― I wanted to go to the library last week.

Declension

Declension of vika (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	vikur	vikurnar
accusative	viku	vikuna	vikur	vikurnar
dative	viku	vikunni	vikum	vikunum
genitive	viku	vikunnar	vikna	viknanna

Derived terms

• dymbildagavika
• dymbilvika
• kyrravika
• páskavika
• vikudagur
• vikulega
• vikulegur

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vika. Cognates include Finnish vika and Estonian viga.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋikɑˑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈʋikɑ/, [ˈʋiɡ̊ɑˑ]
• Rhymes: -ikɑ
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Noun

vika

1. bad habit
2. trouble, worry
3. handicap (physical disability)

Declension

Declension of vika (type 3/kana, k- gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	vika	viat
genitive	vian	vikkoin
partitive	vikkaa	vikoja
illative	vikkaa	vikkoi
inessive	vias	viois
elative	viast	vioist
allative	vialle	vioille
adessive	vial	vioil
ablative	vialt	vioilt
translative	viaks	vioiks
essive	vikanna, vikkaan	vikoinna, vikkoin
exessive1)	vikant	vikoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 664

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• viken

Noun

vika m or f

1. definite feminine singular of vik

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse víkin f, definite form of Old Norse vík f.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʋiːc͡çɑ], [ˈʋiːçɑ], [ˈʋiːkɑ]

Noun

vika f

1. definite singular of vik

Etymology 2

From Old Norse vika (“week”), from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ (“turn, succession”), from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind”). Related to Proto-Germanic *wīkaną (“to bend, yield”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [²ʋɪːkɑ], [²ʋɪkːɑ], [²ʋɪkɑ], /²vɪˑka/

Noun

vika f (definite singular vika, indefinite plural viker or vikor, definite plural vikene or vikone)

1. a week; (pre-1938) alternative form of veke

Etymology 3

From Old Norse víka, víkja, víkva.

Alternative forms

• vikja (weak verb)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [²ʋiːkɑ]

Verb

vika (present tense vik, past tense veik, supine vike, past participle viken, present participle vikande, imperative vik)

1. (intransitive) to give away, yield
2. (intransitive) to look away, turn aside, waver
3. (intransitive) to recede, retreat
4. (intransitive) to depart, go away, leave

Derived terms

• avvika
• vikeplikt
• viking

References

• “vika” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “vika” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *wikǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *weyg- (“to bend, wind, turn, yield”).

Noun

vika f

1. week

Declension

Declension of vika (weak ōn-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	vikur	vikurnar
accusative	viku	vikuna	vikur	vikurnar
dative	viku	vikunni	vikum	vikunum
genitive	viku	vikunnar	vikna	viknanna

Descendants

• Icelandic: vika
• Faroese: vika
• Norn: voga
• Norwegian Nynorsk: veke, vika, viku; (dialectal) vyku, vuku, væka, vekke, vikke
• Jamtish: vuku
• Elfdalian: wiku, wikå
• Old Swedish: vika
  • Swedish: vecka
• Old Danish: uka, uku, wiku
  • Scanian: uga
  • Danish: uge
    • Norwegian Bokmål: uke; (dialectal) uge, uga
• Old Gutnish: wika
  • Gutnish: vike, vika, viku, vikå

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “vika”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Swedish

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vika, from Proto-Germanic *wikǭ.

Noun

vika f

1. week

Declension

Declension of vika (on-stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vika	vikan	viku(r), -o(r)	vikuna(r), -ona(r)
accusative	viku, -o	vikuna, -ona	viku(r), -o(r)	vikuna(r), -ona(r)
dative	viku, -o	vikunni, -onne	vikum, -om	vikumin, -omen
genitive	viku, -o	vikunna(r), -onna(r)	vika	vikanna

Descendants

• Swedish: vecka

Etymology 2

From Old Norse víkja, from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną.

Verb

vīka

1. to move, to change direction
2. to fold
3. to retreat
4. to yield

Declension

Conjugation of vīka (strong)

	present				past
infinitive	vīka				—
participle	vīkandi, vīkande				vikin
active voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
iæk	vīker	vīki, vīke	—		vēk	viki, vike
þū	vīker	vīki, vīke	vīk		vēkt	viki, vike
han	vīker	vīki, vīke	—		vēk	viki, vike
vīr	vīkum, vīkom	vīkum, vīkom	vīkum, vīkom		vikum, vikom	vikum, vikom
īr	vīkin	vīkin	vīkin		vikin	vikin
þēr	vīka	vīkin	—		viku, viko	vikin
mediopassive voice	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
iæk	—	—	—		—	—
þū	—	—	—		—	—
han	—	—	—		—	—
vīr	—	—	—		—	—
īr	—	—	—		—	—
þēr	—	—	—		—	—

Descendants

• Swedish: vika

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋîka/
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Noun

vȉka f (Cyrillic spelling ви̏ка)

1. shouting, screaming

Declension

Declension of vika

	singular	plural
nominative	vȉka	vike
genitive	vike	vika
dative	vȉci	vikama
accusative	viku	vike
vocative	viko	vike
locative	vȉci	vikama
instrumental	vikom	vikama

Related terms

• vikati

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish vīka, from Old Norse víkja, víkva (to fold, turn, head in a direction), from Proto-Germanic *wīkwaną. Cognate to Swedish vicka (wiggle).

The adverb in the phrase ge vika comes from Low German wike/weke gewen, where the noun wike means concession, escape. Compare German weichen.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

vika (present viker, preterite vek, supine vikit or vikt, imperative vik)

1. to fold (into several layers)

   De vek tvätt

   They were folding laundry

2. (colloquial) to dedicate (time), to designate a period of time for a certain action

   Jag viker en dag åt mässan.

   I am dedicating a day to the expo.

3. (colloquial) to dedicate, to set aside for a special person or a special use

   De här kakorna har jag vikit åt stackars Tom – rör dem inte!

   These cookies I have put aside for poor Tom – don't touch them!

4. (reflexive) to give up, to give in (under pressure), to budge

   Mona Sahlin viker sig inte i första taget.

   Mona Sahlin doesn't give up easily.

5. (reflexive) to bend (for example from laughing or in pain)

   De skrattade så att de vek sig.

   They were rolling on the floor laughing.

6. (usually with in) to turn (slightly, while moving)

   Vi vek in på en stig som vi aldrig hade gått förut

   We turned onto a path that we had never walked before

7. (with av) to turn (while moving (so as to deviate from a path – sometimes figuratively))

   Vi vek av från huvudleden, in på en grusväg

   We turned off the main road onto a dirt road

8. (with av) to deviate (more generally)

   Synonym: (more common) avvika

9. (in "vika åt sidan" or "vika hädan") to move aside, (often) to step aside

   Folk vek åt sidan när han gick genom rummet med svärdet i hand

   People moved aside as he walked through the room with his sword in hand

   Vik hädan dödlig!

   Step aside, mortal!

10. (transitive) (vika ut) to unfold, to open a foldout
11. (reflexive) (vika ut) to expose oneself as a (more-or-less nude) centerfold, to appear (nude) in a magazine or online

    Ungdomar viker ut sig som aldrig förr.

    Youngsters expose themselves like never before.

12. (reflexive, figuratively) to talk openly (on personal topics)
13. (reflexive) to sleep, to go to bed

    Jag går och viker mig.

    I'm going to go to bed.

Conjugation

Conjugation of vika (class 1 strong)

	active		passive
infinitive	vika		vikas
supine	vikit, vikt		vikits, vikts
imperative	vik		—
imper. plural1	viken		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	viker	vek	viks, vikes	veks
ind. plural1	vika	veko	vikas	vekos
subjunctive2	vike	veke	vikes	vekes
present participle		vikande
past participle		viken, vikt

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

• vika ihop (“fold up, fold”)

Related terms

• veck
• vik
• vikning
• ovikt

See also

• fälla (“to fold (something more or less rigid (so as to bring it into or out of a more compact and often "deactivated" state))”)
• veckla

Adverb

vika

1. (in the expression: ge vika) to give way, to give in, to fold (under pressure)

   De föll fem meter när golvet gav vika

   They fell five meters when the floor gave way

   De gav vika för barnens tjat

   They gave in to their children's nagging

   Han blev tvungen att ge vika för deras vilja

   He was forced to give in to their will

   Muren började ge vika för murbräckan

   The wall was starting to give way to the battering ram

Further reading

• vika in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• vika in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• vika in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• kiva

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *vika.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈvikɑ/, [ˈvʲikɑ]
• Rhymes: -ikɑ
• Hyphenation: vi‧ka

Noun

vika

1. disease, affliction
2. fault, mistake, error

Inflection

Declension of vika (type III/jalkõ, k-g gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	vika	vigad
genitive	viga	vikojõ, vikoi
partitive	vikka	vikoitõ, vikoi
illative	vikkasõ, vikka	vikoisõ
inessive	vigaz	vikoiz
elative	vigassõ	vikoissõ
allative	vigalõ	vikoilõ
adessive	vigallõ	vikoillõ
ablative	vigaltõ	vikoiltõ
translative	vigassi	vikoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “vika”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-vika^?

1. (transitive) to avoid

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.