ده

See also: دہ, دە, دٔہ, and دٕہ

Egyptian Arabic

Alternative forms

• دا (alternative spelling)

Etymology

From Arabic ذَا (ḏā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /da/, [dæ(h)]

Determiner

ده • (da) m (feminine دي (di), plural دول (dōl))

1. (demonstrative) this, that

   قريت الكتاب ده ― ʔarēt il-kitāb da ― I read this book

Pronoun

ده • (da) m (feminine دي (di), plural دول (dōl))

1. (demonstrative) this, that

   ده كتاب ― da ktāb ― This is a book

Suffix

ـده • (-da) m (feminine ـدي (-di))

1. Suffixes sometimes attached after singular definite nouns that mean time-periods or units of time to mean the current, or the upcoming time period or unit; with respect to gender: this, to-

   ‎النهار (in-nahār, “daytime”) + ‎ـدا → ‎النهارده (in-naharda, “today”)

   ‎السنة (is-sana, “the year”) + ‎ـدي → ‎السنادي (is-sanādi, “this year”)

Gilaki

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Numeral

ده (da)

1. ten

Mazanderani

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Numeral

ده (da)

1. ten

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Conjunction

ده • (de, da)

1. alternative form of دخی (dahı).

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “ده”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 594a
• Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901), “ده”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 636b
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ده”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 929b
• Pōzačean, Yakovbos (1841), “տէ”, in Hamaṙōt baṙaran i tačkakanē i hay [Concise Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary]‎^[3], Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 890a
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “de¹”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1121a

Etymology 2

Detatched imperative of دیمك (demek, dimek).

Interjection

ده • (de)

1. let's go, come on!

   ده ایمدی ― de imdi ― well now then!

Alternative forms

• دی (de, di)
• տէ (de) — Armeno-Turkish

Derived terms

• هایده (hayde)

Descendants

• Turkish: de
• → Albanian: de
• → Aromanian: de
• → Bulgarian: де (de)
• → Greek: ντε (nte)
• → Macedonian: де (de)
• → Romanian: de, deh, dec, di
• → Serbo-Croatian: de / де

References

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “ده”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[4] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 594a
• Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901), “ده”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 636b
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ده”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 929b
• Pōzačean, Yakovbos (1841), “տէ”, in Hamaṙōt baṙaran i tačkakanē i hay [Concise Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary]‎^[6], Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 890a
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “de³”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1121a

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Persian ده (dah).

Numeral

ده • (deh)

1. ten

   Synonyms: اون (on), عشر (ʼaşer)

   ده ساله ― deh sale ― ten-year-old

Alternative forms

• տէհ (deh) — Armeno-Turkish

References

• Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901), “دَهْ”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 636b
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ده”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[7], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 929b
• Karapetean, Petros Zēkʻi (1912), “ده”, in Mec baṙaran ōsmanerēnē hayerēn [Great Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary], Constantinople: Aršak Karōean, page 363b
• Pōzačean, Yakovbos (1841), “տէհ”, in Hamaṙōt baṙaran i tačkakanē i hay [Concise Ottoman–Armenian Dictionary]‎^[8], Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 891a
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “deh³”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1133b

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Persian ده (dih).

Noun

ده • (dih)

1. village

   Synonym: كوی (köy)

Alternative forms

• دیه (dih)

References

• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “ده”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 929b
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “dih”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1212b

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐫅𐫍 (dh), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ASLYA /⁠dah⁠/), from Old Persian *daθa, from Proto-Iranian *dáca, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáća, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.

Pronunciation

Persian numbers ^(edit)

		100[a], [b]
←  1	←  9	۱۰ 10	11  →	20  →
		1
Cardinal: ده (dah)     Ordinal: دهم (dahom)

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈdah/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äʱ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äʱ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑː]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ɔː]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æʱ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪äʱ]

Readings
Classical reading?	dah
Dari reading?	dah
Iranian reading?	dah
Tajik reading?	dah

Numeral

Dari	ده
Iranian Persian
Tajik	даҳ

ده • (dah) (Persian numeral ۱۰)

1. ten

Related terms

• ده هزار (dah hezâr)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (MTA /⁠deh⁠/, “village”), from Old Persian 𐎭𐏃𐎹𐎠𐎢 (d-h-y-a-u /⁠dahạyau⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *dáhyuš (“Village”). Compare Old Armenian դեհ (deh), an Iranian borrowing.

Alternative forms

• دیه (dih)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈdih/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪e̞ʱ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪e̞ʱ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ɪ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪i]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪eʱ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪eʱ]

Readings
Classical reading?	dih
Dari reading?	deh
Iranian reading?	deh
Tajik reading?	deh

Noun

Dari	ده
Iranian Persian
Tajik	деҳ

ده • (deh) (plural ده‌ها, or دهات)

1. village

   Synonyms: روستا (rustâ), قریه (qarye, qariye)

Derived terms

• دهات (dehât, “countryside”)
• دهخدا (deh-xodâ, “sheriff, village leader”)
• دهقان (dehqân, “farmer, landlord”)
• دهچه (dehče, “peasant”)
• دهک (dehak, “hamlet”)
• دهکده (deh-kade, “small village”)

Descendants

• → Gujarati: દિહ (dih)
• → Middle Armenian: դիհ (dih)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈdih/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪e̞ʱ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪e̞ʱ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪], [t̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪̥]

 

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪eʱ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪eʱ]
  • (Tehrani) IPA^(key): [d̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪iʱ]

Readings
Classical reading?	dih
Dari reading?	deh
Iranian reading?	deh
Tajik reading?	dih

Verb

ده • (deh)

Dari	ده
Iranian Persian
Tajik	диҳ

1. present stem of دادن (dâdan, “to give”)

Etymology 4

See در (dar)

Pronunciation

• (colloquial Dari)
   

• • (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä]

• • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ä]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ä]

Readings
Dari reading?	da

Preposition

ده • (da)

1. (Kabuli, Hazaragi) colloquial spelling of در (dar, “in, at, within, among”)

Sindhi

Numeral

ده • (daha)

1. ten