یک

See also: يك, یك, and یگ

Gilaki

Numeral

یک (yek)

1. one

Mazanderani

Numeral

یک (yak)

1. one

Persian

Alternative forms

• یه (ye) (colloquial, Tehrani)
• یگ (yag) (colloquial, Dari, Eastern Iran)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾywk' /⁠yak⁠/), 𐫏𐫐 (yk /⁠yak⁠/), from Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾy /⁠ē⁠/), 𐭧𐭣 (HD), 𐫙𐫏𐫇 (ʿyw /⁠ēw⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *Háywah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háywas, from Proto-Indo-European *óywos.

Indo-European cognates include Bactrian ιωγο, Sanskrit एक (eka), Ancient Greek οἶος (oîos), German ein, French un, English one, Latin ūnus, etc.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈjak/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jäk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [jäk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [jäk], [jäɡ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [jäk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [jekʰʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [jäk]

Readings
Classical reading?	yak
Dari reading?	yak
Iranian reading?	yek
Tajik reading?	yak

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ak, (In Iran) -ek

Numeral

Persian numbers ^(edit)

		10
	←  0	۱ 1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: یک (yek)     Ordinal: اَوَّل (avval)

یک • (yak / yek) (Persian numeral ۱, Tajik spelling як)

1. one

Noun

یک • (yak / yek) (Tajik spelling як)

1. one

Derived terms

• یکا (yakā / yekâ)
• یکای کیهانی (yakā-yi kayhānī / yekâ-ye keyhâni)
• یکبار (yakbār / yekbâr)
• یکبار دیگر (yakbār dīgar / yekbâr digar)
• یکتا (yaktā / yektâ)
• یکتائی (yaktā'ī / yektâ'i)
• یکتاپرست (yaktā-parast / yektâ-parast)
• یکتاپرستانه (yaktā-parastāna / yektâ-parastâne)
• یکتاپرستی (yaktā-parastī / yektâ-parasti)
• یکدفعه (yakdaf'a / yekdaf'e)
• یکدل (yakdil / yekdel)
• یکدیگر (yakdīgar / yekdigar)
• یکم (yakum / yekom)
• یکی (yakē / yeki)
• یکی بود یکی نبود (yakē būd yakē nabūd / yeki bud yeki nabud)
• یک‌رنگ (yak-rang / yek-rang)
• یک‌شنبه (yak-šanba / yek-šanbe)
• یگانه (yagāna / yegâne)
• یگانگی (yagānagī / yegânegi)

Descendants

• → Chagatai: یَک (yäk)
  • Uyghur: يەك (yek)
  • Uzbek: yak
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: यक (yak)

  Urdu: یَک (yak)

• → Old Anatolian Turkish: یك (yek, yẹk)
  • Azerbaijani: yek
  • Ottoman Turkish: یَك (yek)
    • Turkish: yek
• → Punjabi: یَک (yak)

References

• Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), “*¹aiu̯a-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 136

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یَک (yak).

Numeral

یَک • (yak)

1. one

   Synonym: اِکّ (īkk)

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “یک”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: عزیز پبلشرز [ʻazīz pabliśarz]

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian یَک (yak).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /jək/

Numeral

یَک • (yak) (Hindi spelling यक) (cardinal)

1. one

   Synonym: ایک (ek)

Further reading

• Platts, John T. (1884), “يك”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “یک”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.